Seyhan, VildanÖzdemir, SametBarla Demirkoz, AslıÜner, MelikeRezaei, Nima2024-09-052024-09-052023Seyhan, V., Özdemir, S., Barla Demirkoz, A., & Üner, M. (2023). Nanoemulsions: New approaches in cancer therapy with herbal terpenes and essential oils. N. Rezaei. (Ed.) Handbook of Cancer and Immunology (pp. 1-33). Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80962-1_301-197830308096219783030809621https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80962-1_301-1https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13055/770Herbal remedies have become even more popular in recent years, as they are of natural origin and their therapeutic effects have been reported by scientific researches. Herbal origin substances and products can be preferred by many health authorities as an alternative to synthetic or semi-synthetic molecules in treatment of a lot of diseases. Terpenes, a type of natural bioactives, and essential oils rich in terpenes are valuable compounds and products especially in pharmaceutical industry. Nanoemulsions have been used for years in treatment. While conventional emulsions are suitable for topical and extraparenteral applications, nanoemulsions allow parenteral application of active substances thanks to their droplet size at nanometer level. These sophisticated drug delivery systems attract increasing attention of scientists and pharmaceutical companies due to their various advantages over conventional dosage forms. Nanoemulsions were first introduced to the pharmaceutical market as parenteral nutrition products. Intralipid® (intravenous fat emulsion for infusion) is the first nanoemulsion approved for parenteral nutrition in Europe. Then, research groups focused on drug incorporation into nanoemulsions and their benefits in treatment of various diseases. High payload of lipophilic substances and materials, stability during pharmaceutical processes (such as autoclaving, lyophilization, sterile filtration) and storage, intoxicity and biocompatibility, and effective therapy by targeting and/or modifying drug delivery have been reported as outstanding advantages of nanoemulsions. Pharmaceutical application of herbal remedies and extracts is limited due to their low solubility and permeability. Nanotechnology could offer smart solutions for these drawbacks by using drug carrier systems in nanometer size range. Nanoemulsions are reported as alternative delivery systems for herbal remedies and extracts. Moreover, droplet size of the nanoemulsions provides effective absorption for low permeable herbal bioactives. Basic principles of lipid nanotechnology and targeting strategies of nanoemulsions for delivery of lipophilic substances and materials for the treatment of cancer are mentioned in this chapter. Increasing therapeutic potential of plantderived terpenes and essential oils in cancer treatment by preparing their nanoemulsions is presented by evaluating the data collected from scientific studies.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessNanoemulsionsTerpenesEssential OilsNanopharmaceuticalsCancer TreatmentTargetingBook Chapter10.1007/978-3-030-80962-1_301-1133