Levent, OkanŞimşek, Mehmet AliYıkmış, SeydiDemirel, SelinayTürkol, MelikenurTokatlı Demirok, NazanEr, HaticeAljobair, Moneera O.Karrar, EmadTokatlı, NazlıMohamed Ahmed, I. A.2026-01-082026-01-082026Levent, O., Şimşek, M. A., Yıkmış, S., Demirel, S., Türkol, M., Tokatlı Demirok, N., Er, H., Aljobair, M. O., Karrar, E., Tokatlı, N., & Mohamed Ahmed, I. A. (2026). Improving nutritional quality, aroma profile and bioactive retention of rocket juice via thermosonication: A support vector regression-based optimization. Frontiers in Nutrition, 12, pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.17214982296-861Xhttps://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1721498https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13055/1235This study investigates the application of thermosonication (TS) to improve the functional properties of roka (Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativia) water. Processing parameters, including time (8–16 min), amplitude (60–100%), and temperature (40–60 °C), were optimised using a comparative approach combining the response surface method (RSM) and support vector regression (SVR). The total phenolic content (TPC) increased to 86.04 mg GAE/100 mL with TS, representing an 8.1% rise compared to the control group and an 18.3% increase over pasteurization. Likewise, the total chlorophyll level reached 16.98 mmol TE/L from 9.67 g/100 mL, and β-carotene rose to 24.90 mg/100 mL (p < 0.05). Pasteurization caused losses of 15–30% in these components. In the phenolic profile, significant increases were observed in chlorogenic acid (42.05 μg/mL), caffeic acid (15.66 μg/mL), and quercetin (4.28 μg/mL). A total of 31 compounds were identified in aroma analysis; with TS treatment, levels of 3-Hexen-1-ol (15.70 μg/kg) and 1-hexanol (2.01 μg/kg) were preserved or increased. In in vitro digestion tests, the TS group demonstrated the highest bioavailability, even during the intestinal phase. For example, RSM demonstrated high compliance coefficients (R2 = 0.99), while SVR showed strong predictive performance (CV R2 = 0.84), particularly for FRAP. Overall, the results suggest that thermosonication is an innovative method for protecting and enhancing bioactive compounds in rocket juice.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessBioactive CompoundsIn Vitro DigestionMachine LearningRocket JuiceSupport Vector RegressionThermosonicationArticle10.3389/fnut.2025.172149812114Q1Q1