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    An investigation regarding nutrient foramen of the Radius
    (Istanbul University Press, 2024) Toklu, Elif; Sağlam, Latif; Coşkun, Osman; Ertaş, Ahmet; Gayretli, Özcan
    Objective: Arteries that provide nutrition to the long bones pass through openings called nutrient foramen (NF). The number of studies on NFs of the radius is quite scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the presence, number, direction, and ana tomical localization of NFs of the radius. Material and Method: A total of 133 dry adult human radii were investigated in this study. The presence, number, position, and direction of NFs of the radii were determined. The shortest dis tance of NF to the most proximal point of the radius (DPE), the transverse diameter of the radius at the level of the NF (TD), and the shortest distance of the NF to the most prominent point of the dorsal tubercle (DDT) were measured. Furthermore, the fo raminal index (FI) was calculated. Result: A single NF was found in 130 (97.7%) bones, and 3 (2.3%) radii did not have NF. The NFs were most commonly on the ante rior surface (80%, 104 bones) and middle 1/3 (78.5%, 102 bones) part of the bones. All NFs were towards the elbow. The DPE, TD, and DDT were meanly 82.72±11.4 mm, 129.99±15.41 mm, and 14.6±1.97 mm, respectively. The average FI was 35.6±4.64. Conclusion: This paper provides additional information, such as the distance of nutrient foramen to the dorsal tubercle. Our results may help clinicians during applications related to the NF of the radius
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    Morphological and morphometric variations of the hyoid bone in anatolian population
    (AVES, 2023) Nteli Chatzioglou, Gkionoul; Toklu, Elif; Bayraktar, Elif; Ertaş, Ahmet; Kale, Ayşin; Coşkun, Osman; Öztürk, Adnan; Gayretli, Özcan
    Objective: The morphological and morphometric variations of the hyoid bone (os hyoideum) are known to be significant in cervical surgeries and also serve as important evidence in forensic cases involving hanging and strangulation. The aim of this study is to investigate the morphological and morphometric differences of the hyoid bone. Methods: Sixty-four adult hyoid bones of unknown age and gender were used in our study. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Istanbul Faculty of Medicine Clinical Research Ethics Committee (date/number: 15.12.2021/632888). The bone shape variations were classified into four main groups: D, U, B, and V types according to the morphometric measurements of the hyoid bone. Also the hyoid bones were evaluated based on their symmetry and isometry properties. Morphometric measurements were analyzed for reliability and repeatability using TEM, rTEM, and R tests, with the same person measuring twice. Measurements were calculated using the Image J program. The data were analyzed using SPSS v.21. Results: The percentages of D, U, B, and V types were found to be 53.84%, 23.07%, 15.38%, and 11.53%, respectively. Among the hyoid bones, 34 (53.12%) were found to be asymmetrical, 30 (46.88%) symmetrical, 35 (54.69%) anisometric, and 29 (45.31%) were isometric. Conclusion: Our study’s results indicate that the hyoid bone of Anatolian individuals exhibits morphological differences compared to other populations. Understanding the morphological and morphometric values of the hyoid bone can contribute to clinical and forensic applications