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Gender differences in the distribution of IDL, LDL, and HDL lipoprotein subfractions in MODY compared to type 2 diabetes: Data from the MODY-Ist study
(Elsevier, 2025) Yılmaz Aydoğan, Hülya; Kanca Demirci, Deniz; Gül, Nurdan; Yanar, Fatih; Poyrazoğlu, Şükran; Güleç Yılmaz, Seda; Tüzüner, Mete Bora; İsbir, Turgay; Öztürk, Oğuz; Satman, İlhan
Background: The distribution of intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions specific to diabetes types and changes under dyslipidemia conditions have been well characterised. Research into the distribution of lipoprotein subfractions in Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) has hitherto been confined to certain subtypes, with gender-based differences remaining to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to comparatively evaluate the distribution of lipoprotein subfractions according to gender in MODY, T2DM patients, and control groups. Methods: Lipoprotein subfractions in 119 serum samples of the study groups were analyzed using the Lipoprint System. Results: The midbands of IDL (MID-A to C) in female MODY cases, and the HDL-small fraction in male MODY cases, were found to be lower compared to female and male T2DM cases, respectively. In the T2DM group, age was positively correlated with MID-C and MID-B in both genders, while it was negatively correlated with MID-A in female cases. ROC analysis demonstrated that the decrease in the MID-C fraction in female MODY subjects (AUC:0.809, p = 0.0001) and the decrease in the HDL-small fraction in male MODY subjects (AUC:0.818, p = 0.002) were significantly associated with the likelihood of MODY. Conclusion: Given that a considerable proportion of MODY patients are frequently misdiagnosed as T2DM, low levels of MID-C and HDL-small fractions, both of which are triglyceride-rich, may have potential as a diagnostic value for female and male MODY patients, respectively.
Cytolytic vaginosis in women with vaginitis: Prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment
(Karger, 2025) Kömeç, Selda; Tercan, Can; Ceylan, Ayşe Nur; Durmuş, Mehmet Akif; Donbaloğlu, Gizem Şirin; Aydın, Mustafa Derya
Objectives: Vaginitis is an inflammatory condition of the vagina, which often manifests with symptoms like discharge, foul odor, and pruritus. The most commonly recognized forms are candidiasis, bacterial vaginosis (BV), and trichomoniasis, but conditions like cytolytic vaginosis (CV) remain under-recognized and frequently misdiagnosed in clinical practice despite its notable prevalence. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of CV in patients with vaginitis, assess the specificity of the diagnostic criteria for CV, and investigate the efficacy of CV treatments. Design: This study is a prospective diagnostic study. Participants/Materials, Setting: A total of 81 patients (aged 20–55 years) with symptoms of vaginitis, and 30 control participants without these symptoms were enrolled. Methods: Vaginal samples were analyzed for Trichomonas vaginalis, vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), and BV and CV. Vaginal samples were evaluated using Gram staining, pH measurement, and microbiological culture to identify causative agents. CV was diagnosed based on the low vaginal pH, presence of abundant lactobacilli, cytolysis of the vaginal epithelium, false clue cells, and naked nuclei in Gram staining. Results: The study found that CV was the most prevalent diagnosis, accounting for 32.1% of cases. This was followed by BV (22.2%) and VVC (14.8%). The most common symptoms among CV patients were vaginal discharge, pruritus, and dysuria. Vaginal discharge characteristics did not significantly distinguish CV from other forms of vaginitis. A recurrence rate of 61.5% was observed in CV patients, highlighting the recurrent nature of the condition. Sodium bicarbonate sitz baths effectively relieved symptoms in many patients (58.8%). Limitations: The number of patients receiving treatment is low, and the treatment follow-ups could have been conducted over a longer period, considering the menstrual cycle. Conclusions: The study highlights the diagnostic challenge of CV, where common symptoms overlap with other forms of vaginitis, leading to potential treatment failures. CV treatment, including NaHCO3 sitz baths, showed moderate efficacy, but further research is needed to establish more effective therapeutic strategies. Our findings underscore the importance of considering CV in the differential diagnosis of vaginitis as it remains an overlooked condition that significantly contributes to recurrent vaginitis. Further studies with larger sample sizes and better treatment protocols are needed to enhance the management of this condition.
Clinical characteristics of peripheral joint disease in axial and peripheral spondyloarthritis: Findings from a multicentre cross sectional study
(2025) Sarıyıldız, Emine; Duruöz, Mehmet Tuncay; Gezer, Halise Hande; Aktaş, İlknur; Akar, Servet; Hizmetli, Sami; Şahin, Nilay; Akgül, Özgür; Alkan Melikoğlu, Meltem; Sezer, İlhan; Ataman, Şebnem; Ural Nazlıkul, Fatma Gülçin; Çapkın, Erhan; Yılmaz, Figen; Kalyoncu, Umut
Peripheral joint disease (PJD) is the most common peripheral manifestation in spondyloarthritis (SpA) patients. This study aimed to determine PJD characteristics and associated factors in patients with axial SpA (AxSpA) and peripheral SpA (pSpA). This cross-sectional and multicenter study involved 13 different rheumatology and physical medicine & reha bilitation clinics, and patients diagnosed with axSpA or pSpA were included in the study. PJD was defined as the ‘ever’ related to SpA according to the physician. Multivariable analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with PJD. A total of 394 patients were enrolled in the study (57.6% male, mean age 40.8 years), of whom 359 (91.1%) were clas sified as AxSpA and 35 (8.9%) as pSpA. Peripheral arthritis was reported in 118 patients (29.9%), comprising 85 (72%) with AxSpA and 33 (28%) with pSpA. Among the whole population with PJD, the main joint involvement pattern was monoarticular (33.9%, n=40) and oligoarticular (49.2%, n=58). The rate of predominantly lower limb and large joint involvement was approximately 60% (n=68) and the major course of PJD was transient (42.4%, n=50) and intermit tent (40.7%, n=48). pSpA patients had a higher rate of persistent (33.3% vs. 14.3%, p=0.021) and progressive arthritis (15.2% vs. 1.2%, p=0.007). The coexistence of PJD with other peripheral involvement and extra-articular manifestations excluding psoriasis was widespread. Dactylitis, enthesitis, and high CRP level were positively associated with PJD; on the contrary, ever alcohol intake, presence of sacroiliitis on MRI, and family history for SpA were negatively associated. PJD was accompanied by both other peripheral involvements and extra-articular manifestations, excluding psoriasis and the course of PJD was more persistent in pSpA patients. This undoubtedly contributes to an increased disease burden.
Challenges and strategies in effective nursing leadership: Viewpoints of nurses in management positions – A qualitative study
(Emerald Publishing, 2025) Aydoğdu, Ana Luiza Ferreira
Purpose – To explore the viewpoints of nurses in management positions on the challenges they face and the strategies they use to promote effective leadership in the nursing workplace. Design/methodology/approach – This qualitative study involved 42 Brazilian nurses in management positions, working in various settings across Brazil, who responded to open-ended online questions between January 1, 2025 and February 15, 2025. Findings – Five themes were identified: (1) highlighted leadership styles, (2) difficulties of leading the nursing team, (3)strategies used to solve problemsin the leadership process, (4) learning to lead and (5) making nursing leadership more effective. Research limitations/implications – The study presents important perspectives from nurses in managerial positions on the key role that effective leadership plays in fostering healthy work environments in nursing. Nevertheless, it hassome limitations, including the use ofself-report questionnaires, regional imbalance among participants, potential bias due to data analysis being conducted by a single researcher and the absence of an assessment based on the leader–member exchange framework. Practical implications – Nurses in management positions recognize the importance of empowering team members. Nurse managersshould receive proper education to competently assume theirleadership responsibilities. Originality/value – The study highlights the need to revise nursing curricula to incorporate early and continuous leadership education, supported by ongoing in-service programs. It also emphasizes the importance of fostering team cohesion through open communication, mutual respect and shared goals. Additionally, it is pointed out that upper managementshould empower nurse leaders at all levels and provide regular, constructive feedback to support effective leadership.
Gender-specific foot morphology and biomechanical patterns in young adults: A combined photogrammetric and plantar pressure analysis
(Springer Nature Link, 2025) Nteli Chatzioglou, Gkionoul; Govsa, Figen; Bedre, Özden; Pınar, Yelda; Hepgüler, Simin
Purpose Understanding gender-based foot morphological differences is critical for ergonomic footwear design. This study investigated these variations in young adults using photogrammetric and plantar pressure analysis. Methods We analyzed 200 healthy participants (100 males, 100 females; aged 19–21 years) through digital photogrammetry and RSscan Footscan pressure mapping. Key parameters included foot length (FL), ball width (BWF), hallux valgus angle (HVd), lateral foot angle (LdF), and Clarke’s Index for arch classification. Plantar pressure distribution was assessed across 10 anatomical zones. Results We revealed significant gender disparities: males had longer (26.6 vs. 25.2 cm) and wider feet (10.2 vs. 9.1 cm), while 75% of participants exhibited HVd (5.1°–6.3°), with no gender difference. Dynamic Clarke’s Index showed 80% had high arches, correlating with lower BMI (p<0.001). Pressure analysis highlighted higher midfoot loading (37.8–41.2 cm2 ) and medial forefoot pressure in HVd cases. Females predominantly wore smaller shoes (sizes 36–38), whereas 89% of males wore sizes 42–44. BMI influenced midfoot pressure (r=0.3) and arch height, with flat arches linked to higher BMI. Foot asymmetry (38%) and HVd prevalence underscored the need for gender-specific shoe designs. Conclusion It emphasize prioritizing ergonomic footwear to mitigate pressure imbalances, HVd progression, and asym metry, particularly in high-BMI individuals. This dual-method approach provides actionable insights for biomechanical applications and footwear customization.
Development and validation of an HPLC method for quantification of solifenacin in spiked human breast milk
(Korean Society of Analytical Sciences, 2025) Ceylan, Burhan; Çayci, Meltem; Önal, Cem; Önal, Armağan
An efficient and reliable reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was established and validated for the quantitative analysis of solifenacin succinate in fortified human breast milk samples. Chromatographic separation was carried out on a C18 column (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm particle size) and a isocratic mobile phase composed of acetonitrile and phosphate buffer (pH 3.5) in a 65:35 (v/v) ratio. The flow rate was at 1.1 mL/min, and detection was performed at 225 nm using a ultraviolet (UV) detector. The method exhibited excellent linearity in the range of 1.0 to 40.0 ng/mL (r² = 0.9999). The validation process was performed in accordance with European Medicines Agency (EMA) bioanalytical guidelines, and included selectivity, accuracy, precision, sensitivity, recovery, robustness, and stability assessments. The liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) procedure used for sample pretreatment provided satisfactory recovery (mean: 99.32 %) and minimized matrix interferences from breast milk. The method showed high reproducibility, did not require an internal standar, and offered a rapid analysis time of approximately 3.4 minutes. This study offers a simple, cost-effective, and sensitive HPLC-UV method for monitoring solifenacin levels in breast milk matrices, providing a valuable tool for evaluating drug safety during lactation.
Investigation of the effects of melatonin on granulosa cell proliferation and DNA methylation
(Proceedings of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2025) Türkmen, Ervanur; Gündoğan, Gül İpek; Arslan, Halil İbrahim; Gök Yurttaş, Asiye; Elgün, Tuğba
Melatonin, a pineal hormone with antioxidant and regulatory functions, has emerged as a key modulator of ovarian physiology. Its presence in fol licular fluid suggests important roles in granulosa cell function, follicle devel opment, and reproductive outcomes. However, its effects on granulosa cell tumour (GCT) biology and epigenetic regulation remain insufficiently defined. This study aimed to investigate the effects of melatonin on proliferation and global DNA methylation in human granulosa tumour cells (COV434) com pared with healthy endothelial controls (HUVECs). COV434 and HUVEC cells were treated with melatonin at 1, 10, 100, and 1000 µM. Cell viabil ity and proliferation were assessed using the MTT [3-(4.5-dimethylthiazol-2- yl)-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] (Cambridge, UK) assay and xCELLigence RTCA system (Roche), while DNA methylation was quantified with a 5-mC ELISA kit (Epigentek Group Inc, USA). Experimental groups included nega tive, sham, melatonin-treated, and positive controls. Melatonin showed a cell type-dependent effect. In COV434 cells, proliferation was significantly inhib ited, with an IC50 of 10.55 µM, whereas HUVECs displayed increased prolifer ation at higher doses. DNA methylation levels decreased in both cell types in a dose-dependent manner, reaching the highest significance in COV434 cells at 1000 µM (p < 0.001). In conclusion, melatonin demonstrated a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on COV434 cell proliferation while simultaneously reducing global DNA methylation levels.
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage induced by epileptic seizure
(Wiley, 2025) Talibov, Tural; İnci, Meltem; Ismayilov, Rashad; Bebek, Nerses
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a rare but life-threatening complication of generalized tonic–clonic seizures. We describe a 28-year-old woman with no prior seizure history who experienced three consecutive generalized tonic–clonic seizures, followed by acute hemoptysis and dyspnea. Imaging confirmed diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, which responded rapidly to corticosteroid therapy. Seizure-induced DAH is an uncommon and underrecognized condition. This case underscores the importance of considering DAH in patients presenting with respiratory symptoms following seizures, even in the absence of underlying systemic disease.
Testing the performance of cross-correlation techniques to search for molecular features in JWST NIRSpec G395H observations of transiting exoplanets
(Oxford University Press, 2025) Esparza-Borges, Emma; Lopez-Morales, Mercedes; Palle, Enric; Makhnev, Vladimir; Gordon, Iouli; Hargreaves, Robert; Kirk, James; Caceres, Claudio; Solmaz, Arif; Redfield, Seth
Cross-correlations techniques offer an alternative method to search for molecular species in James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations of exoplanet atmospheres. In a previous article, we applied cross-correlation functions for the first time to JWST NIRSpec/G395H observations of exoplanet atmospheres, resulting in a detection of CO in the transmission spectrum of WASP-39b and a tentative detection of CO isotopologues. Here, we present an improved version of our cross-correlation technique and an investigation into how efficient the technique is when searching for other molecules in JWST NIRSpec/G395H data. Our search results in the detection of more molecules via cross-correlations in the atmosphere of WASP-39b, including H2O and CO2, and confirms the CO detection. This result proves that cross-correlations are a robust and computationally cheap alternative method to search for molecular species in transmission spectra observed with JWST. We also searched for other molecules (CH4, NH3, SO2, N2O, H2S, PH3, O3, and C2H2) that were not detected, for which we provide the definition of their cross-correlation baselines for future searches of those molecules in other targets. We find that that the cross-correlation search of each molecule is more efficient over limited wavelength regions of the spectrum, where the signal for that molecule dominates over other molecules, than over broad wavelength ranges. In general, we also find that Gaussian normalization is the most efficient normalization mode for the generation of the molecular templates.
A novel model for early prediction of in hospital mortality in seawater drowning: The SNOP score
(Springer Nature Link, 2025) Öncü, Kıvanç; Özcan, Özhan; Şi̇mşi̇rgi̇l Kara, Şeyma; Parmaksız, Ayhan; Erşen, Teoman
Background Drowning is a leading cause of preventable mortality worldwide; however, early in-hospital risk stratification remains limited. Although tools such as the Szpilman score assist in early severity assessment, they may not fully capture the evolving clinical status after admission. This study aimed to develop a simplified and objective model based on readily available parameters to predict in-hospital mortality following seawater drowning. Methods This retrospective study was conducted at a referral emergency department (ED) in northern Turkey between July 1, 2011, and December 31, 2024. Of 190 patients initially included, 166 with complete clinical and laboratory data were analyzed. Data were obtained from institutional and national health information systems. Clinical, physiological, and biochemical variables were assessed. Predictors of in-hospital mortality were identified using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and multivariable logistic regression. Variables with near-perfect discrimination (e.g., GCS, pH, Szpilman score) were excluded to avoid overfitting. Results Among the 166 patients, 34 (20.5%) died during hospitalization. CPR and endotracheal intubation rates were significantly higher among non-survivors (CPR: 97.1% vs. 0%; intubation: 97.1% vs. 2.3%; both p<0.001). Non survivors also presented with lower GCS (median 3 vs. 15), lower arterial pH, and higher Szpilman scores (all p<0.001). ROC analysis identified four potential predictors with AUC values between 0.90 and 0.95—pCO₂, lactate, SpO₂, and sodium—all showing significant discriminatory capacity (p<0.001). These variables were entered into a binary logistic regression model, from which serum sodium (OR=2.110; 95% CI: 1.310–3.401; p=0.002) and SpO₂ (OR=0.902; 95% CI: 0.847–0.961; p=0.001) emerged as independent predictors. These formed the basis of the SNOP score (Saturation and Natremia-based Outcome Predictor), a two-parameter logistic model demonstrating excellent performance: AUC=0.996, sensitivity=99.0%, specificity=96.2%, and overall accuracy=98.4%. Conclusion: The SNOP score is a simple, ED-specific tool for early prediction of in-hospital mortality in seawater drowning. It complements existing assessment systems by incorporating objective, admission-based parameters. Prospective multicenter validation is warranted to confirm its clinical applicability and support broader implementation.
PRDM6 promoter methylation as a potential epigenetic biomarker in BRCA-associated ovarian cancer
(MRE Press, 2025) Cömert, Numan; Şükrüoğlu Erdoğan, Özge; Çelik Demirbaş, Betül; Kılıç Erciyas, Seda; Dinç, Ahmet; Pasin, Özge; Yazıcı, Hülya; Tuncer, Şeref Buğra
Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) remains one of the most lethal gynecologic malignancies, primarily due to late-stage diagnosis. Aberrant DNA methylation is critical in tumorigenesis and represents a promising avenue for biomarker development. We hypothesized that PR/SET domain 6 (PRDM6) methylation is associated with breast cancer gene (BRCA) mutation status in OC. Methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 387 patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer, 50 individuals with benign ovarian conditions, and 100 healthy controls. DNA methylation was evaluated using methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes (MSREs) and subsequently analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Descriptive statistics were employed to summarize categorical and continuous variables. Associations between PRDM6 methylation and clinical parameters, including BRCA mutation status, cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) levels, and age, were statistically analyzed. Results: PRDM6 methylation was detected in 53.9% of OC patients, 60.0% of individuals with benign ovarian disease, and 37.0% of healthy controls. The methylation frequency in OC patients was significantly higher than in healthy controls (p = 0.005). PRDM6 promoter methylation was detected in 64.8% of BRCA-mutated OC patients compared to 50.3% of BRCA negative patients, indicating a significant association between BRCA mutation status and PRDM6 methylation (p = 0.016). No significant associations were found between PRDM6 methylation and age, menopausal status, or CA-125 levels. Conclusions: PRDM6 methylation may serve as a non-invasive biomarker for early detection in high risk populations, particularly in BRCA mutation carriers.
Integrated use of finite element analysis and gaussian process regression in the structural analysis of AISI 316 stainless steel chimney systems
(Nature Portfolio, 2025) Tanrıver, Kürşat; Etyemez, Ayhan; Ay, Mustafa
This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive structural analysis and machine learning-assisted predictive modelling of a chimney system manufactured from 2 mm thick AISI 316 stainless steel with a diameter of Ø500 mm. The primary motivation of this work was to examine, in detail, the structural behavior of chimney modules under various force and pressure conditions using conventional methods, and to develop a reliable model capable of performing parametric predictions for new scenarios based on the acquired data. The scope of the study encompassed finite element analyses of both the entire chimney system and 3-meter-long intermediate modules, field tests, and the application of the Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) machine learning model. In the analysis of the entire chimney system under an applied force of 22,000 N, a maximum stress of 28 MPa and a safety factor of 8.39 were observed in the chimney clamps. The total deformation was found to be 0.58 mm, which is within acceptable limits. In the structural analysis of the intermediate chimney modules under a force of 1000 N and an internal pressure of 5 MPa, a maximum stress of 11,984 MPa, a safety factor of 1.71, and a total deformation of 0.46 mm were determined, all of which are consistent with the literature. The accuracy of these analyses was validated through pressure and leakage tests conducted in accordance with the EN 1859 standard. The developed GPR machine learning model demonstrated exceptionally high accuracy (R² > 0.999) in predicting Von Mises stress values, providing reliable forecasts with an error rate of less than 3% when compared to ANSYS simulation outputs. However, in predicting total deformation values, error rates exceeded 70%, indicating that the model was less sensitive in low-amplitude deformation cases. These findings suggest that the GPR model can generate reliable predictions for Von Mises stress a more critical parameter than total deformation in chimney design. By integrating conventional structural analysis methods with advanced machine learning techniques, this study demonstrates the potential of predictive modeling as an efficient and reliable tool in engineering design processes, making a significant contribution to the field’s body of knowledge.
The understanding of the importance of oxidant/antioxidant status in hemophilia patients with arthropathy
(Springer Nature Link, 2025) Bingül, İlknur; Koç Şenol, Başak; Hanikoğlu, Ayşegül; Delen, Elif; Ömer, Beyhan; Genç, Nilgün Sema; Zülfikar, Bülent
This study aimed to investigate the roles of pro-inflammatory cytokine [interleukin-1β (IL-1β)], receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL), prooxidant [reactive oxygen species (ROS), thiobarbituric acid reactive sub stances (TBARS), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), advanced glycation end-products (AGEs)], and antioxi dant markers [ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), total-thiol content (t-SH)] in the pathogenesis of arthropathy in patients with hemophilia (PwH) with/without arthropathy, and to identify potential therapeutic targets for preventing arthropathy and improving quality of life. The study included 18 PwH without arthropathy [31.0 years; (13–65)] and 39 PwH with arthropathy [10 years; (3–36)]. Among PwH with arthropathy, 6% were inhibitor positive, and 26.3% had involvement of more than two joints. Serum ROS and AGE were measured by fluorometric method, while TBARS, AOPP, FRAP, and t-SH were assessed via spectrophotometrically. IL-1β and RANKL concentrations were determined using ELISA. AGE and RANKL concentrations were significantly higher in PwH with arthropathy compared to those without (p=0.002 and p=0.010, respectively), and differences remained significant after age adjustment. FRAP and t-SH levels were initially elevated in PwH with arthropathy (p=0.030 and p=0.007, respectively), but differences lost significance after age adjustment. No significant differences were observed in ROS, TBARS, AOPP, or IL-1β levels between groups. Elevated AGE and RANKL levels in PwH with arthropathy suggest their potential involvement in joint damage and highlight the importance of maintaining oxidant/antioxidant balance. Therefore, monitoring these biomarkers may provide supportive information for early detection and inform future research on preventive strategies to reduce joint complications and preserve long-term quality of life in hemophilia.
Phase-selective synthesis of nanoshell hollow V2O3 and V3O5 microspheres as high-performance cathodes for aqueous Zn-ion batteries
(Elsevier, 2025) Aydın Şahin, Selay; Aydoğdu, Büşra; Yaman Uzunoğlu, Gülşah; Yüksel, Recep
Divanadium trioxide (V2O3) microspheres having nano-sized shells were produced by a facile and cost-efficient solvothermal method. Thermal treatment of V2O3 yielded trivanadium pentoxide (V3O5) microspheres. After the synthesis, the structural and electrochemical characterizations were performed in detail. Cathodes produced with the V2O3 and V3O5 materials reached specific capacities of 388 and 320 mAh g− 1 , respectively, at a current density of 0.1 A g− 1 . Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) fabricated with V2O3 and V3O5 cathodes demonstrated high-rate capability and capacity retention. The V2O3 microspheres, which possess a rhombohedral corundum type structure, showed outstanding rate capability (412 mAh g− 1 at 0.1 A g− 1 ; 149 mAh g− 1 at 20 A g− 1 ) and notable cycling stability (95.6 % capacity retention after 1200 cycles at 2 A g− 1 ; 80 % retention at the 2400th cycle at 5 A g− 1 ). Conversely, monoclinic V3O5 provided a comparable initial capacity (374 mAh g− 1 at 0.1 A g− 1 ) but faced rapid capacity decline at high current (26 % retention after 6000 cycles at 5 A g− 1 ). These results emphasize the significance of crystal structure in achieving stable and high-rate Zn2+ storage. In summary, the rhombohedral V2O3 phase exhibits superior Zn2+ transport kinetics and mechanical strength compared to the monoclinic V3O5, which accounts for the differences observed in their electrochemical performance.
Lowered phase transition temperature of VO2(m) via molybdenum doping toward efficient aqueous zinc-ion batteries
(Wiley, 2025) Aydın Şahin, Selay; Aydoğdu, Büşra; Yaman Uzunoğlu, Gülşah; Yüksel, Recep
Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries have attracted considerable attention as large-scale energy storage systems owing to their safety, sustainability, and cost-effectiveness. However, their practical application has been hindered by limited energy density, primarily determined by cathode performance. Among transition metal oxides, vanadium dioxide (VO2) is particularly appealing due to its layered structure, rich polymorphism, and ability to host Zn2+ ions reversibly. The thermally driven transition from insulating VO2(M) to conductive VO2(R) enhances charge transport through the metal–insulator transition (MIT). In this work, molybdenum doping is employed to lower the MIT temperature of VO2(M). Doping reduces the MIT temperature of the VO2(M) phase to 56.7 °C, resulting in the VO2(R) phase. Electrochemical measurements reveal that Mo-VO2(R) cathodes deliver up to ten times higher capacity than the pristine VO2(M), with 3Mo-VO2(R) reaching 404.8 mAh g–1 at 0.1 A g–1. These findings demonstrate that Mo doping serves as a practical approach to modify VO2(M) and decrease the MIT temperature, while improving electrochemical performance. Moreover, the heteroatom doping strategy suggests a promising pathway for developing other VO2 cathodes for efficient rechargeable batteries, which can leverage the heat dissipated in energy storage systems.
Polyherbal ointment with bromelain for chronic diabetic wounds: Insights from a clinical case series
(Springer Nature Link, 2025) Bostanabad, Saber Yari; Özdemir, Samet; Saadati, Mahrokh; Karaca, Banu; Şener, Alper
Purpose Chronic diabetic wounds are characterized by prolonged inflammation and impaired healing. This study evaluates a novel polyherbal ointment, W Cura D Plus®, which contains Azadirachta indica oil, Hypericum perforatum oil, and bro melain from Ananas comosus. After initial debridement with W Cura D Plus®, treatment continued with W Cura G Plus®. To our knowledge, this is the first clinical report examining this specific combination in the treatment of chronic diabetic wounds. Methods A single-center clinical case series was conducted in 13 diabetic patients with Wagner grade 2–3 diabetic foot ulcers of at least 4 weeks’ duration. All patients were on standard type 2 diabetes therapy (oral agents and/or insulin) and routine wound care prior to enrollment. W Cura D Plus® was applied daily for 7 days to promote debridement, followed by W Cura G Plus® until complete closure or no further reduction in ulcer size for two consecutive weeks. Clinical endpoints included wound area, closure percentage, and recovery time. White blood cell (WBC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were monitored. Results Fourteen wound observations were analyzed. Mean wound area decreased from 25.07±24.56 cm² at baseline to 7.38±5.15 cm² (p=0.0103), and mean closure rate was 64.15±0.23% (p=0.0108), surpassing the 50% benchmark for clini cally meaningful improvement. Recovery time averaged 97.7 days compared to baseline (initial status prior to treatment). WBC and CRP significantly declined (p<0.0001). No adverse events were reported. Conclusion This polyherbal formulation may represent a safe adjunct to standard care, but larger controlled trials are needed to confirm efficacy.
Unveiling the interplay of EBV, HSV-1, and ınflammatory biomarkers in psychiatric disorders
(MDPI Publishing, 2025) Akgül, Özer; Demirel, Ömer Faruk; Tosun, İlker; Kavla, Yasin; Kırkpınar, Mehmet Murat; Sapmaz, Burcu; Şenyiğit, Gülçin; Çalışkan, Reyhan; Öner, Yaşar Ali
Background/Objectives: Schizophrenia (SCH), bipolar disorder (BPD), and major depres sive disorder (MDD) are increasingly viewed as neuroimmune disorders shaped by viral exposure and inflammation. Disorder-specific immunovirological profiles, however, re main poorly defined. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we assessed Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) and Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) seropositivity and measured serum CRP, IL-6, and IL-1β in 708 participants: 110 with SCH, 121 with BPD, 135 with MDD, and 342 healthy controls (HC). Statistical analyses included Shapiro–Wilk tests for nor mality; Kruskal–Wallis with Bonferroni-adjusted Dunn post hoc comparisons; and logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, and marital status. Results: EBV seropositivity was higher in SCH (90.9%) than in HC (78.9%) (OR = 3.46, 95% CI: 1.68–7.12; p = 0.001) but not in BPD or MDD. HSV-1 seropositivity was elevated in BPD (83.5%) versus HC (67.0%) (OR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.34–3.92; p = 0.003), with no differences in SCH or MDD. Inflammatory biomarkers were significantly increased in SCH and MDD compared to HC (p < 0.001), while BPD showed no differences. Conclusions: The findings delineate distinct immunovi rological patterns across major psychiatric disorders. Schizophrenia was characterized by EBV seropositivity accompanied by systemic inflammatory activation, bipolar disorder by HSV-1 seropositivity in the absence of inflammatory changes, and major depressive disor der by inflammatory dysregulation independent of viral exposure. These disorder-specific profiles highlight heterogeneity in neuroimmune pathways and underscore the potential relevance of biomarker-based stratification for generating hypotheses regarding targeted antiviral or anti-inflammatory interventions in psychiatric populations.
Visual quality assessment of E-commerce product images using convolutional neural networks
(Springer Nature Link, 2025) Tbaileh, Imad; Bağrıyanık, Selami
High-quality product images are vital in shaping consumer trust and driving engagement on e-commerce platforms. This study proposes a deep learning-based approach for evaluating the visual quality of product images, with the aim of improving the overall customer experience and presentation standards in online marketplaces. A custom-labeled dataset was developed, containing thousands of product images categorized into five quality levels. A convolutional neural net work (CNN) was trained to classify these images based on their visual quality. In addition, two well-known architectures, MobileNetV2 and EfficientNetB0, were trained under identical conditions to serve as benchmarks for performance com parison. The proposed CNN model achieved an accuracy of 94.93%, outperforming both MobileNetV2 (76.60%) and EfficientNetB0 (92.77%). It also delivered the highest performance in terms of precision, recall, and F1-score, confirming its effectiveness in this domain. The results highlight the CNN model’s suitability for real-time quality assessment of e-commerce images. Its strong performance and efficiency make it a promising candidate for integration into commercial platforms. Future work will investigate the use of transformer-based models and more diverse training data to further improve accuracy and generalizability.
Branching patterns and variations of the anterior choroidal artery: A detailed cadaveric morphometric analysis
(Springer Nature Link, 2025) Kaçur, İdil; Nteli Chatzioglou, Gkionoul; Nas, Emine; Gayretli, Özcan
The aim of our study was to investigate the morphometric and morphological characteristics of the anterior choroidal artery (AChA) and its branches. Also, the branching patterns and cortical termination sites of the AChA were examined by detailed morphometric analysis. For this purpose, 62 fresh cadavers (124 hemispheres) were included in the study. AChA diameter, length, and distances of branches to the AChA origin were measured using ImageJ software. The distribution of the branches according to arterial origin and their distances to the target regions was quantitatively defined. Although a total of 594 branches originating from AchA were observed, only 587 of these branches reached or terminated in the regions observed. Accordingly, 220/587 were found to go to the optic tract, 214/587 to the cerebral peduncle, 130/587 to the uncus, and 23/587 to the anterior perforated substance. Our study provides novel morphometric ratios that map the branching architecture of the AChA, confirming that branches originate predominantly from its midpoint (overall ratio:0.45). We found that 73.07% of AChA branches supply the optic tract and cerebral peduncle, highlighting their central role, while a minimal proportion (3.87%) serve the anterior perforated substance. These data elucidate the topo graphical relationships that are crucial for understanding pathologies like Moyamoya disease and proximal aneurysms. The established ratios offer invaluable benchmarks for anatomical navigation, potentially reducing risks in neurosurgical procedures involving the AChA territory.
Labia majora lifting technique with polydioxanone threads
(Oxford University Press, 2025) Ağlamış, Savaş Özgür; Akkaya, Selver Kübra; Şahin, Elif; Şahin, Hanifi
Background: Polydioxanone (PDO) thread is a synthetic absorbable surgical suture used for rejuvenation and lifting. Aim: The aim of this study is to use PDO threads for rejuvenation and enlargement effect in patients with labium majus hypotrophy. Methods: Twenty-one patients with labia majora hypotrophy were included in the study. Conventionally, surgery, fat filling or hyaluronic acid filling is used for labia majora rejuvenation. In this study, a different technique, the PDO thread suspension technique, was applied. For PDO thread, Hyundae Meditech Co.Ltd’s Secret Line Up product containing 50 mm screw thread with 30 G-38 mm needle tip was used. It was planned to use 10 PDO threads for right and left labia majora. After a total of 20 needles were inserted, the needles were removed one by one and the PDO threads remained in the subcutaneous superficial layer and the procedure was terminated 5 min later. Preoperative and postoperative the Female Genital Self-Image Scale (FGSIS) scores of the patients were compared. Outcomes: The overall FGSIS total score demonstrated a significant increase following the intervention. Results: The FGSIS total mean score in the preoperative period was increased in the postoperative period. This difference was statistically significant. Moreover, the mean score calculated for each parameter of FGSIS in the preoperative period increased significantly in the postoperative period. Clinical Implications: These findings indicate a favorable safety profile for the use of PDO threads in this clinical context. Strengths and Limitations: The strength of the study is to introduce a minimally invasive and effective method for labia majora lifting, on the other hand, the small number of patients in the study, limitation of the study. Conclusion: We would like to point out that in this study, we evaluated labium majus rejuvenation from the same perspective, based on the shaping and enlargement of genital appearance and its positive effect on self-confidence and increase in sexual functions. Unlike many labium majus rejuvenation procedures, this less invasive procedure has achieved similar results. In this context, it is a preferable alternative to surgery.

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