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Design, synthesis and anti‐influenza virus activity of 4‐tert‐butyl‐n‐(3‐oxo‐1‐thia‐4‐azaspiro[4.5]dec‐4‐yl) benzamide derivatives that target hemagglutinin‐mediated fusion
(Wiley, 2025) Çınar, Gözde; Alikadıoğlu, Zeynep; Soylu Eter, Özge; Naesens, Lieve; Cihan Üstündağ, Gökçe
Hemagglutinin (HA) is a viral glycoprotein that mediates influenza virus entry into the host cell and is considered a relevant viral target. We here report the identification of a class of 4‐tert‐butylphenyl‐substituted spirothiazolidinones as HA‐mediated fusion inhibitors with specific activity against influenza A/H3N2 virus. The novel spirocyclic compounds were achieved by using one‐pot cyclocondensation method and the chemical structures were characterized by IR, 1 H NMR, 13C NMR, and elemental analysis. Compound 2c, bearing methyl substitutions at positions 2‐ and 8‐ of the spiro ring displayed an EC50 value against influenza A/H3N2 virus of 1.3 μM and an antiviral selectivity index of 30. The fusion‐inhibiting effect of compound 2c was revealed in the polykaryon assay which is based on cell‐cell fusion when influenza virus H3 HA‐transfected cells are exposed to low pH. Computer‐aided docking was performed to predict the possible binding pocket in the H3 HA trimer. Resistance data and in silico studies indicated that compound 2c has an overlapping binding pocket in the stem region of H3 HA with the known fusion inhibitors TBHQ and arbidol.
Cartoon-assisted visual/auditory distraction usage in paediatric dental care, assessment of effects on patient anxiety, pain, and behaviour: A randomised crossover clinical trial
(Springer Nature, 2025) Üstün, Nilüfer; Ballı Akgöl, Beyza; Bayram, Merve
Objectives This randomized crossover clinical trial designed to evaluate the impact of visual and auditory distraction techniques on pediatric patients’ anxiety, pain perception, and behavior during dental treatment. The study specifically focuses on children, aiming to determine whether distraction methods can effectively reduce anxiety levels, alleviate pain experiences, and improve cooperative behavior in a clinical setting. Method and materials Children aged 4 to 9 years receiving routine dental care at the Pediatric Dentistry Clinic, Istanbul Medipol University, were randomly assigned to Group 1 (distraction first, then tell-show-do) or Group 2 (tell-show-do first, then distraction), with a two-week washout period before switching interventions. Anxiety was assessed using the Venham Picture Test and pulse rate, pain perception with the Sounds, Eyes, and Motor Scale during local anesthesia and the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale during treatment, while cooperation and behavior were evaluated using the Houpt Scale. Statistical analysis was conducted using Mann-Whitney U, Student’s t-test, Paired t-test, and Wilcoxon test, with the significance level set at 0.025 using the Bonferroni correction. Results Sixty-eight patients (37 female, 31 male) with a mean age of 6.69±1.08 years completed the study (Group 1: n=32, Group 2: n=36). The cartoon-assisted distraction technique did not significantly reduce anxiety compared to the tell-show-do method. A non-significant reduction in pain perception was observed during local anesthesia with distraction. However, this technique significantly reduced self-reported pain during treatment (p<0.025) and improved child cooperation and behavior. Conclusion Cartoon-assisted visual and auditory distraction can alleviate pain perception and improve behavior during pediatric dental procedures. However, it does not appear to reduce dental anxiety or pain perception during local anesthesia. Integrating this technique with the traditional tell-show-do approach may enhance the pediatric dental experience.
Reply to the letter to the editor: 'Coronary atherosclerosis burden and coronary artery tortuosity'
(Kare Publishing, 2025) Özyaşar, Mehmet; Doğduş, Mustafa; Yılmaz, Ahmet; Altıntaş, Mehmet Sait; Yetkin, Ertan
To the Editor, First, we would like to thank the author1 and the editorial team for their attention to and interest in our work. We deeply value your constructive criticism and contributions, which we see as an opportunity for further improvement. Collateral circulation plays a significant role in the prognosis of coronary artery disease.2 We acknowledge the importance of considering the effect of collateral circulation when calculating Gensini scores.3 In our retrospective study, while evaluating cases of chronic coronary syndrome that underwent coronary angiography, the coronary collateral flow assessment (Rentrop) score (3) was 0 in all cases. However, we accept that this detail should have been clarified more explicitly in our article. Our study aimed to minimize confounding factors as much as possible to realistically examine the relationship between coronary artery tortuosity and coronary atherosclerosis. While we acknowledged in the limitations section of our study that this might introduce a potential bias in patient selection,4 we accept that it would have been beneficial to explicitly state that we sought to eliminate the effect of collateral circulation. One of the key strengths of our study is the large patient cohort, along with the meticulous exclusion of other confounding factors. In conclusion, while recognizing the importance of collateral circulation, we believe that our study provides important information about the relationship between coronary artery tortuosity and atherosclerotic plaque burden. We hope this research contributes to a deeper understanding of coronary artery disease and offers a new perspective for future studies.
New insights of cerium oxide nanoparticles in head and neck cancer treatment
(Springer Nature, 2025) Tarakçı, Elif; Esmkhani, Sahra; Bayramova, Jamila; Bilgin, Feride Melisa; Kıdık, Kübra; Adıgüzel, Şevin; Tufan, Yiğithan; Yılmaz, Ahsen Morva; Yazıcı, Hülya; Duygulu, Özgür
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a genetically complex cancer type having treatment difficulties due to affecting multiple organs in complex anatomical sites. Radiotherapy resistance, chemotoxicity, post-surgery disability makes HNC treatment more complicated. Therefore, there is need to developed new treatment approaches. Nanoparticle-based therapies especially cerium oxide nanoparticles with its anti-cancer features, high catalytic activity, anti- or pro-oxidant and radio-protective properties give a boon for HNC treatment. In the current study, two dextran-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles (Dex-CeNPs) namely SD1 and SD2 were synthesized and characterized by using two types of dextran (D1 and D2) having distinct molecular weights and branching characteristics to understand their potential as a new HNC treatment strategy while evaluating the role of dextran type. The effectivity of the SD1 and SD2 on the HNC cell lines (A253, SCC-25, FaDu) were investigated by analyzing their cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation properties. Low IC50 value, high ROS generation and stability profiling of SD2 compared to SD1 indicates the distinct function of dextran type on Dex-CeNPs effectivity on HNC. To better elucidate the effectivity of SD2, flow cytometry analysis and pro-apoptotic (TP53, CASP3, BAX) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) gene expression profiling were investigated in detail. The findings indicate that SD2 exhibits an influence on head and neck cancer cells via the apoptotic pathway. Our research sets the framework for the development of Dex-CeNPs as remarkable nanotherapeutic candidates for treatment of head and neck cancer.
Pharmacovigilance analysis of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related reproductive adverse effects based on the FDA adverse event reporting system
(Springer Nature, 2025) Köylü, Bahadır; Esen, Buğra Han; Bektaş, Şevval Nur; Özbek, Laşin; Turan, Volkan; Urman, Bülent; Öktem, Özgür; Selçukbiricik, Fatih
This study aims to investigate the adverse effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) on the female and male reproductive systems. In the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database, adverse reactions under the "Reproductive system and breast disorders" category in the System Organ Classes were included, covering a period from January 1, 2015, to June 30, 2023. We identified 133,512 patients treated with ICIs. Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related reproductive adverse effects (irRAEs) were reported in 568 (0.43%) patients. Spermatogenesis abnormality (ROR025 = 7.91) had the highest signal strength associated with ICI use in males. Genital tract fistula was the only significant irRAE (ROR025 = 2.72) in females. PD-1 inhibitors pose greater risk than CTLA-4 inhibitors (OR = 1.65 [1.05-2.79], p = 0.045). Gynecologic cancers in females (OR = 3.77 [2.82-4.99], p < 0.0001) and urogenital cancers in males (OR = 1.56 [1.17-2.06], p = 0.0018) carried the highest risk compared to other cancers. Additional targeted drugs (OR = 2.32 [1.76-3.02], p < 0.0001), particularly lenvatinib (OR = 3.50 [2.48-4.94], p < 0.0001) and cabozantinib (OR = 3.71 [1.96-7.03], p < 0.0001) significantly increased the risk for females. Additional use of chemotherapy drugs was associated with a significant reduction in the risk for males (OR = 0.65 [0.42-0.96], p = 0.042) except for doxorubicin (OR = 2.58 [1.22-5.47], p = 0.013) and cyclophosphamide (OR = 2.36 [1.05-5.29], p = 0.038). This study demonstrates that ICIs could potentially lead to a wide range of adverse effects in the reproductive system in both males and females.
Anatomical relationship between the profunda brachii artery and the radial nerve at the entrance and within the radial groove
(Springer, 2025) Şanlıtürk, Yüsra Nur; Gayretli, Özcan; Zeybek, Nurşen; Öztürk, Adnan
Purpose In this study, it was aimed to examine the relationship between the profunda brachii artery and the radial nerve at the entrance to and within the radial groove considering no comparable study was found in the literature. Method Dissection was performed in 44 upper extremities (21 right and 23 left) of 24 fixed cadavers used for medical edu cation at Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Anatomy. Results Profunda brachii artery was found to be a single artery in 39 extremities and a double artery in 5 extremities. In 27 cases with single PBA, the nerve was located superolateral to the PBA (Type A), and in 8 cases the nerve was located infero medial to the PBA (Type B). In all 5 extremities with double profunda brachii artery, the proximal branch was superolateral (Type A) and the distal branch was inferomedial (Type B). Conclusions This research will support surgeons understanding how to better anatomically and radiologically treat humeral fractures and lateral arm flap applications.
The Asian Pacific association for the study of the liver clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease
(Springer, 2025) Eslam, Mohammed; Fan, Jian-Gao; Yu, Ming-Lung; Wong, Vincent Wai-Sun; Cua, Ian Homer; Liu, Chun-Jen; Tanwandee, Tawesak; Örmeci, Necati; K. Sarin, Shiv; George, Jacob
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) affects over one-fourth of the global adult population and is the leading cause of liver disease worldwide. To address this, the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) has created clinical practice guidelines focused on MAFLD. The guidelines cover various aspects of the disease, such as its epidemiology, diagnosis, screening, assessment, and treatment. The guidelines aim to advance clinical practice, knowledge, and research on MAFLD, particularly in special groups. The guidelines are designed to advance clinical practice, to provide evidence-based recommendations to assist healthcare stakeholders in decision-making and to improve patient care and disease awareness. The guidelines take into account the burden of clinical management for the healthcare sector.
Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF): The ‘Kyoto consensus’-steps from Asia
(Springer, 2025) Choudhury, Ashok; Kulkarni, Anand V.; Arora, Vinod; Sood, Ajit; Dökmeci, Abdul Kadir; Chowdhury, Abhijeet; Koshy, Abraham; Duseja, Ajay; Örmeci, Necati; Mishra, Ajay Kumar
Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a condition associated with high mortality in the absence of liver transplanta tion. There have been various defnitions proposed worldwide. The frst consensus report of the working party of the Asian Pacifc Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) set in 2004 on ACLF was published in 2009, and the “APASL ACLF Research Consortium (AARC)” was formed in 2012. The AARC database has prospectively collected nearly 10,500 cases of ACLF from various countries in the Asia–Pacifc region. This database has been instrumental in developing the AARC score and grade of ACLF, the concept of the ‘Golden Therapeutic Window’, the ‘transplant window’, and plasmapheresis as a treatment modality. Also, the data has been key to identifying pediatric ACLF. The European Association for the Study of Liver-Chronic Liver Failure (EASL CLIF) and the North American Association for the Study of the End Stage Liver Disease (NACSELD) from the West added the concepts of organ failure and infection as precipitants for the development of ACLF and CLIF-Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) and NACSELD scores for prognostication. The Chinese Group on the Study of Severe Hepatitis B (COSSH) added COSSH-ACLF criteria to manage hepatitis b virus-ACLF with and without cirrhosis. The literature supports these defnitions to be equally efective in their respective cohorts in identifying patients with high mortality. To overcome the diferences and to develop a global consensus, APASL took the initiative and invited the global stakeholders, including opinion leaders from Asia, EASL and AASLD, and other researchers in the feld of ACLF to identify the key issues and develop an evidence-based consensus document. The consensus document was presented in a hybrid format at the APASL annual meeting in Kyoto in March 2024. The ‘Kyoto APASL Consensus’ presented below carries the fnal recommendations along with the relevant background information and areas requiring future studies.
A little-known vaginitis-like picture: Cytolytic vaginosis
(Clinical Laboratory Publications, 2025) Kömeç, Selda; Aydın, Mustafa Derya
Background: Cytolytic vaginosis (CV) is a condition characterized by an increase in lactobacilli in the vaginal flora, causing complaints of discharge, itching, dyspareunia, and dysuria. Since there are no antimicrobials in the treatment protocols of CV, the diagnostic and therapeutic criteria of which were first defined by Cibley, differential diagnosis of CV from other vaginitis agents will prevent unnecessary use of antimicrobials and recurrent com-plaints. In our study, we aimed to determine the frequency of CV in patients presenting with vaginitis complaints and the diagnostic accuracy of the diagnostic criteria. Methods: In total, 140 women, 103 with vaginitis complaints and 37 without vaginitis complaints, were examined for bacterial vaginosis (BV), vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), Trichomonas vaginalis (Tv), and CV. For the diagnosis of CV, vaginal pH ≤ 4.5, the presence of a large number of lactobacilli in Gram staining, the presence of false clue cells, cytolysis in vaginal epithelial cells, leukocyte deficiency or absence, absence of Tv, BV, or VVC were used. Results: Out of 103 patients, 30 (29.1%) had BV, 20 (19.4%) had VVC, 20 (19.4%) had CV, 5 (4.9%) had BV and VVC, and 4 (3.9%) had Tv. The sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic criteria were 80% and 99% for epithelial cytolysis, 70% and 99% for false clue cells, 100% and 86% for pH ≤ 4.5, and 100% and 56% for numerous lactobacilli, respectively. Conclusions: In Turkey and worldwide, CV is not considered in vaginitis cases. In our study, the high rate of 19.4% in vaginitis cases shows the need for comprehensive research on this subject.
Maternal health experiences on respectful and adequate care of immigrant women: A prospective multicenter study
(Wiley, 2024) Topçu, Elif Göknur; Terzioğlu, Merve; Okumuş, Zihniye Gonca; Şavklı, Ayşe Özge; Demirkıran, Cansu İrem
Objective: Migration of pregnant women can be challenging. Access to adequate and respectful care may not be possible. We aimed to assess the maternity care that im migrant women receive and their satisfaction with the care they experience. Methods: This multicenter prospective study was conducted in a tertiary public hos pital and a private hospital in Istanbul between April 2023 and July 2023. A face-to face questionnaire was completed in the postpartum department by obstetricians and translators. Results: In total, 267 patients participated in this study. A majority of these patients delivered at the public hospital (75%). Approximately 21% of all deliveries in both hos pitals were with foreign mothers. A majority of the patients (82%) in the public hospi tal said they easily reached midwives, nurses, and an obstetrician, while this number rose to 100% in the private hospital. Patients in the private hospital had a higher average number of obstetrician visits compared to those in the public hospital, which was statistically significant (P< 0.05). Patients in the public hospital were significantly less informed about various maternity topics than those in the private hospital group (P< 0.001 for all topics). Most patients said their ideas and thoughts were taken seri ously by the health care providers (80% and 97% in the public and private hospitals, respectively). Almost all patients recommended giving birth in the same hospital (94% vs. 96%, public and private hospitals, respectively), while around 99% recommended giving birth in Turkey. Conclusion: Immigrant women are overall satisfied with the care they receive in both public and private hospitals. They have easier access to obstetricians in private hospi tals, as well as being more informed on maternal health issues. Clinical efforts should focus on patient education in antenatal care.
Ultrasound-assisted enhancement of bioactive compounds in hawthorn vinegar: A functional approach to anticancer and antidiabetic effects
(Elsevier, 2025) Öğüt, Selim; Türkol, Melikenur; Yıkmış, Seydi; Bozgeyik, Esra; Abdi, Gholamreza; Koçyiğit, Emine; Aadil, Rana Muhammad; Seyidoğlu, Nilay; Karakçı, Deniz; Tokatlı, Nazlı
In this study, the effects of ultrasound treatment on bioactive components and functional properties of hawthorn vinegar (Crataegus tanacetifolia) were investigated. Parameters such as total phenolic compound (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), ascorbic acid (AA), DPPH radical scavenging activity and CUPRAC reducing capacity were optimised by surface response method (RSM) and 14 min duration and 61.40 % amplitude were determined as the most suitable treatment conditions. The results showed that ultrasound treatment improved the antioxidant properties of hawthorn vinegar by increasing TPC, TFC, DPPH and CUPRAC values. In addition, it was observed that hawthorn vinegar samples exhibited anticancer effects in cell culture experiments. In experiments on A549 (lung), MCF-7 (breast) and HT-29 (colon) cancer cell lines, ultrasound-treated vinegar increased apoptotic effects, suppressed cell migration and reduced necrosis rates in some cell lines. In particular, ultrasound treatment of vinegar resulted in a reduction in the expression of anti-apoptotic genes (BCL-2 and XIAP) and an enhancement in the expression of pro-apoptotic genes (BAX). These findings suggest that ultrasound technology preserves and enhances the bioactive components of hawthorn vinegar, improves its anticancer properties and increases its potential for use as a functional food product.
New 2-indolinone-indole hybrid compounds carrying a benzoyl moiety as tyrosine kinase inhibitors
(Elsevier, 2025) Camcı Eren, Merve; Cinek, Tuğçe; Cihan Üstündağ, Gökçe; Özen Eroğlu, Güneş; Yıldırım, Merve; Genç Akar, Öyküm; Erol Bozkurt, Ayşe; Sancar, Serap; Öztay, Füsun; Soylu Eter, Özge; Bolkent, Şehnaz; Kuruca, Serap
In this study, new 2-indolinone-indole hybrid compounds (4a-s) carrying a benzoyl moiety were synthesized and their cytotoxic effects were examined against pancreatic (MIA-PaCa-2) and colon (HT-29 and HCT-116) cancer cells by MTT assays. Most of the tested compounds exhibited a better inhibitory activity and safety profile than the reference standard sunitinib malate against MIA-PaCa-2 and HCT-116 cancer cells. Compound 4e displayed the greatest cytotoxic effect on HCT-116 cell with an IC50 value of 0.16 µM and a remarkable selectivity profile (SI > 625). Compound 4g exhibited a selective activity against HCT-116 cancer cell (IC50 = 0.34 µM), with no activity against the other cells at the highest concentrations tested. Compound 4b demonstrated a potent inhibitory activity against MIA-PaCa-2 cell (IC50 = 0.54 µM). General tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) activities and apoptotic effects were examined for compounds 4b, 4e and 4g. The tested compounds were observed to significantly reduce general TK activities in HCT-116 cell and induce apoptosis in HCT-116 and MIA-PaCa-2 cells. Lead compound 4e, the most effective general TKI, was determined to have a specific SRC kinase inhibitor effect in HCT-116 cell and the molecular modelling studies were performed to understand the potential binding mode at the ATP-binding domain of SRC kinase.
Quantification of agnuside in human plasma with a novel high-performance liquid chromatographic method and pharmacokinetic study
(Oxford University Press, 2025) Egeli, Derya; Tiris, Gizem; Kepekçi Tekkeli, Şerife Evrim
This study presents a combination of High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and ultraviolet (UV) detection that provides the quantification of agnuside in human plasma specimens. Reverse-phase chromatographic separation was carried out with C18 column (150 mm × 4.6 mm × 5 μm), at 25°C with isocratic elution of the mobile phase containing methanol: 0.1% formic acid (35:65 v/v) at 0.6 mL/min flow rate. Experiments were carried out at a wavelength of 258 nm. The retention time of the analyte is 9.70 ± 0.01 min. The developed technique was validated based on the International Conference on Harmonization guideline. The correlation coefficient of the technique was 0.9915, and the calibration range was 5–125 μg/mL. The recovery value of the proposed method was found to be 101.4%, and the precision of the method was calculated as 6.35 with the highest RSD% value. A pharmacokinetic study was performed by administering agnuside to a healthy volunteer.
Toward green and sustainable zinc-ion batteries: The potential of natural solvent-based electrolytes
(Wiley, 2025) Yaman Uzunoğlu, Gülşah; Yüksel, Recep
Zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) are emerged as a promising alternative for sustainable energy storage, offering advantages such as safety, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, conventional aqueous electrolytes in ZIBs face significant challenges, including hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and zinc dendrite formation, compromising their cycling stability and safety. These limitations necessitate innovative electrolyte solutions to enhance ZIB performance while maintaining sustainability. This review explores the potential of natural solvent-based electrolytes derived from renewable and biodegradable resources. Natural deep eutectic solvents (DES), bio-ionic liquids, and biomass-derived organic compounds present unique advantages, including a wider electrochemical stability window, reduced HER activity, and controlled zinc deposition. Examples include DESs based on choline chloride (ChCl), glycerol-based systems, and biomass-derived solvents such as γ-valerolactone (GVL) and aloe vera, demonstrating improved cycling stability and dendrite suppression. Despite their promise, challenges such as high viscosity, cost, and scalability remain critical barriers to commercialization. This review underscores the need for further research to optimize natural solvent formulations, enhance Zn anode compatibility, and integrate these systems into practical applications. By addressing these challenges, natural solvent-based electrolytes can pave the way for safer, high-performance, and environmentally sustainable ZIBs, particularly large-scale energy storage systems.
Viewpoints of nurse auditors regarding the profession: A qualitative study
(Emerald Publishing, 2025) Aydoğdu, Ana Luiza Ferreira
Abstract Purpose – This study aims to understand the experiences of Brazilian nurse auditors in the practice of their profession, exploring the importance, challenges, rewards and strategies related to the occupation. Design/methodology/approach – This is a qualitative descriptive study conducted with 44 nurse auditors. An online, open-ended questionnaire was used. Thematic content analysis was performed. Findings – Five themes were identified: (1) functions of a nurse auditor; (2) skills required for a nurse auditor; (3) learning to be a nurse auditor; (4) advantages of being a nurse auditor and (5) challenges faced by a nurse auditor. Also, a total of 16 subthemes were presented. Research limitations/implications – The study critically examined essential aspects of auditing through the lens of nurse auditors, addressing a relevant topic. However, limitations must be acknowledged, including the use of self-report questionnaires, regional representation disparities, the scarcity of international articles on the topic and potential researcher bias. Practical implications – The study underscores the importance of increasingly integrating nurse auditors into the workforce while emphasizing the need to enhance the capacitation of these professionalsthrough theoretical and practical education. It highlights the significance of educating other multidisciplinary team members about the nurse auditor’s crucial role in fostering teamwork and ensuring the quality of healthcare services. Originality/value – To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study conducted with Brazilian nurse auditors, exploring crucial aspects of auditing from the perspective of these professionals. Understanding the critical role of nurse auditorsinmaintaining and improving healthcare quality can enhance public trust in healthcare systems.
Preconcentration of bismuth using nickel hydroxide nanoflower from water samples and determination by FAAS
(Springer, 2025) Yıldız, Barış; Durukan, İlknur; Şaylan, Meltem; Zaman, Buse Tuğba; Bakırdere, Sezgin
In this study, a preconcentration strategy based on Ni(OH)2 nanofowers (NFs) was developed for the extraction/separation of bismuth ions from environmental water samples before the determination by fame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The homogeneous coprecipitation method was employed for the synthesis of the fower-shaped Ni(OH)2 and used as an adsorbent for the preconcentration of bismuth. The extraction variables were determined by a univariate optimization strategy to obtain maximum extraction performance. The optimal parameters of the method were as follows: 15 min mechanical shaking at 120 rpm, pH 6.0 bufer solution (1.0 mL), 20 mg of sorbent, and 250 µL of 6.0 M nitric acid for the elution. Under the optimized instrumental and extraction conditions, LOD (limit of detection), LOQ (limit of quantitation), and linear dynamic range were determined as 2.8 µg/L, 9.4 µg/L, and 0.010–0.30 mg/L, respectively. The enhancement factor of the sorbent-based method was calculated as 139.1-folds by comparing the slopes of calibration plots obtained from FAAS and the preconcentration method. To assess the feasibility and reliability of the developed method, tap water and spring water samples were analyzed under optimized conditions. The satisfactory %recoveries were obtained close to 100% using the direct comparison method. The obtained results show that the presented method is a promising candidate for efcient extraction and trace determination of bismuth in several sample mediums.
Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles including Rosehip (Rosa canina L.) seed extract: Evaluation of its characterization and bioactivity properties
(Wiley, 2024) Bozkurt, Rabia Nur; Şahin, Selin
The use of bioactive compounds in plants as reducing, stabilizing, and capping agents in nanoparticle manufacturing is an exceptionally eco-friendly approach. This work used rosehip seed extract, acquired by automatic solvent extraction, in the microwave-assisted green production of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). The total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity of the extracted materials and nanoparticles were assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays. The ideal synthesis parameters were established as 25 mL of extract, pH 12, 360 W of microwave power, and a metal salt concentration of 0.05 M for a duration of 7 minutes. The characterization of the ZnO NPs synthesized under these conditions was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential measurements, and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. High-purity, nano-sized, antioxidant ZnO NPs were manufactured using an ecologically friendly, sustainable, and ecological technique.
Optimization of bioactive compounds and sensory quality in thermosonicated black carrot juice: A study using response surface methodology, gradient boosting, and fuzzy logic
(Elsevier, 2025) Yıkmış, Seydi; Türkol, Melikenur; Paçal, İshak; Duman Altan, Aylin; Tokatlı, Nazlı; Abdi, Gholamreza; Tokatlı Demirok, Nazan; Aadil, Rana Muhammad
This study investigates the optimization of bioactive components in thermosonicated black carrot juice using response surface methodology (RSM) and gradient boosting (GB) modeling techniques. Thermosonication, a combination of ultrasound and heat, was applied to enhance the nutritional quality of black carrot juice, which is rich in anthocyanins, phenolic compounds, and antioxidants. The study examined the effects of temperature, processing time, and ultrasonic amplitude on total carotenoid content (TCC), total anthocyanin content (TAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and total phenolic content. RSM demonstrated higher prediction accuracy compared to GB, identifying optimal processing conditions at 48.68 °C, 11.15 minutes, and 82.62% amplitude. Thermosonication significantly increased total phenolic content to 414.28 mg GAE/L, surpassing traditional pasteurization. Sensory analysis, conducted via fuzzy logic, indicated improved sensory properties, including aroma, taste, and color, in thermosonicated samples. This study undercomes thermosonication as a promising method for improving both bioactive compounds and sensory quality in black carrot juice. Chemical compounds Chlorogenıc acid (PubChem CD:1794427); caffeic acid (PubChem CD: 689043); vanillin (PubChem CD: 1183); rutin (PubChem CD: 5280805); naringin (PubChem CD: 442428); rosmarinic acid (PubChem CD: 5281792); t-ferulic acid (PubChem CD: 445858); o- coumaric acid (PubChem CD: 637540); (PubChem CD: quercetin 5280459); 4-hyroxybenzoic acid (PubChem CD: 135).
Labiaplasty revision surgery with using clitoral hood flap: A case-cohort study
(Springer, 2024) Şahin, Eda Adeviye; Ağlamış, Özgür; Şahin, Hanifi; Ozan Şahin, Elif; Yılmaz Ergani, Seval
Background: The demand for labia minora reduction surgery has increased due to aesthetic preferences and discomfort caused by labial hypertrophy. This study aims to share experiences with labial reconstruction using clitoral hood flaps in patients who underwent aggressive trim labiaplasty. Methods: Twenty-eight patients who had previously undergone only labiaplasty surgery were included in this study. Surgical techniques focused on preserving blood supply and achieving symmetry. Postoperative care included hospitalization, wound care training, and regular follow-up visits. Complications were monitored and managed as needed. Results: All 28 patients, comprising 23 bilateral and 5 unilateral labiaplasty cases, underwent revision surgery using 49 clitoral hood flaps. Complications occurred in 6 cases, including suture dehiscence, flap necrosis, and infection, all of which were effectively managed. All flaps maintained their viability, and high patient satisfaction was reported. Conclusion: Clitoral hood flap reconstruction following aggressive trim labiaplasty is a viable technique with minimal complications and high patient satisfaction. Further multicenter, long-term studies are necessary to validate these findings and improve surgical outcomes. Level of evidence iii: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Distribution of branches of anterior choroidal artery in the uncus: An anatomical study
(Springer, 2024) Kaçur, İdil; Nteli Chatzioglou, Gkionoul; Nas, Emine; Şahan, Orhun; Kale, Ayşin; Çakır, Halit; Coşkun, Osman; Gayretli, Özcan
The aim of our study was to examine the relationship between uncus and uncal branches of anterior choroidal artery (AChA) and to observe the morphological and morphometric features of these branches. 124 hemispheres from 62 fresh cadavers were included in the study. Measurement of the length of AChA and the distances of the uncal branches to the origin of AChA were measured by ImageJ software. Morphological variations of uncal branches originating from AChA were observed. The length of AChA was found as mean 26.24 ± 4.34 mm. It was determined that the average distance of these uncal branches arising from the AChA was 13.48 ± 7.31 mm. In 4 out of 124 AChAs, no branches were observed. 594 branches originating from 120 were detected. 130/594 branches appeared to be terminal branches. AChAs of 80/120 hemispheres have been reported to have uncal branches. Thirty of 130 uncal branches were observed to originate as the first branch of AChA. It was found that uncal branches may originate from AChA with a variability between 1 and 4. When evaluated according to the origin of each branch from the AChA, it was observed that the uncal branches originated from the midpoint of the AChA on average. Also, in 64 hemispheres, morophological variations were detected regarding the origin of uncal branches. We believe that the morphological and morphometric data we obtained from the uncal branches of the AChA are of clinical importance in terms of understanding this complex region and minimizing errors in surgical procedures.

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