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Making health out of recycling: The innovative role of hawthorn seed waste in diabetes management
(Springer Nature Link, 2025) Savcı, Serap; Kocadağ Kocazorbaz, Ebru; Menfaatli, Esra; Gündeğer, Ersin
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects millions of people worldwide, and its prevalence is increasing due to global population growth and lifestyle changes. One of the key strategies in managing DM is the inhibition of enzymes such as α-glucosidase and Dipeptidyl Peptidase-IV (DPP-IV), as well as reducing protein glyca tion. In this study, the antidiabetic potential of Crataegus monogyna (hawthorn) seeds, which are generally considered agricultural waste, was investigated. Hawthorn seeds were extracted using water, ethanol, and methanol as solvents, and the obtained extracts were analyzed for their phytochemical composition, total phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxi dant activity, enzyme inhibitory effects, and antiglycation potential. The methanol extract exhibited the highest phenolic content (53.21±4.69 mg GAE/g) and antioxidant activity, while the ethanol and methanol extracts showed strong anti glycation effects. The water extract demonstrated the highest inhibitory activity against DPP-IV (IC50: 0.21 mg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC50: 85.23 µg/mL). In silico molecular docking and dynamics simulations revealed that procyanidin A2 and procyanidin B1 exhibited strong binding affinities for DPP-IV and α-glucosidase, respectively, and that these complexes were stable. These results suggest that hawthorn seeds, traditionally considered waste, possess significant pharmacological potential and could offer a new, natural, and sustainable therapeutic option for diabetes management. This study serves as an important example for the valorization of biomass and the repurposing of waste materials in the pharmaceutical field.
Thermosonication-assisted fortification of kiwi juice with bee bread: Enhancing nutritional and functional properties through ANFIS-RSM optimization
(Frontiers Media S. A., 2025) Yıkmış, Seydi; Duman Altan, Aylin; Türkol, Melikenur; Tokatlı, Nazlı; Yıldırım Maviş, Çiğdem; Tokatlı Demirok, Nazan; Aadil, Rana Muhammad; Karrar, Emad; Aljobair, Moneera O.; Mohamed Ahmed, Isam A.
This study investigated the effects of thermosonication on the preservation and enhancement of bioactive components in kiwi juice fortified with bee bread. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) were employed to optimize processing parameters by evaluating FRAP, total phenolics, total chlorophyll, and ascorbic acid levels. Thermosonication significantly enhanced the levels of phenolic compounds (127.97 GAE mg/100 mL) and ascorbic acid (14.89 mg/100 mL), while a reduction in chlorophyll content was observed. The ANFIS model provided more accurate predictions compared to RSM, particularly under optimal processing conditions. Additionally, the thermosonication-treated kiwi juice with bee bread (TS-KJB) exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity, total flavonoid, and dietary fiber content. The findings demonstrate that thermosonication is an effective and sustainable technique for improving the functional and nutritional properties of bee bread-fortified kiwi juice. This approach offers a promising alternative for the production of additive- and preservative-free functional fruit juices.
Smart thermoresponsive sol–gel formulation of polyhexanide for rapid and painless burn and wound management
(MDPI Publishing, 2025) Alparslan, Levent; Torkay, Gülşah; Bal Öztürk, Ayça; Köksal Karayıldırım, Çinel; Özdemir, Samet
Traditional wound and burn treatments often fall short in balancing antimicrobial efficacy, patient comfort, and ease of application. This study introduces a novel, transparent, ther moresponsive sol–gel formulation incorporating polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) for advanced topical therapy. Utilizing Poloxamer 407 as a biocompatible carrier, the formulation remains a sprayable liquid at room temperature and instantly gels upon contact with body temperature, enabling painless, pressure-free application on sensitive, injured skin. Comprehensive in vitro and in vivo evaluations confirmed the formulation’s broad-spectrum antimicrobial efficacy (≥5 log10 reduction in 30 s), high biocompatibility (viability > 70% in fibroblasts), non-irritancy (OECD 425-compliant), and physical stabil ity across three months. Importantly, the formulation maintained fibroblast migration capacity—crucial for wound regeneration—while exhibiting rapid sol-to-gel transition at ~34 ◦C. These findings highlight the system’s potential as a next-generation wound dressing with enhanced user compliance, transparent monitoring capability, and rapid healing support, particularly in disaster or emergency scenarios.
A pilot investigation on possible interactions between clinical parameters and the psychology of couples undergoing IVF
(Wiley, 2025) Aydın, Gerçek; Bülbül, Mehmet; Ergin, Elif; Aydin, Ayşe Gül; Akkaya, Cengiz; Hatırnaz, Şafak; Tinelli, Andrea
Objective: To investigate the potential reciprocal influences between in vitro fertiliza tion (IVF) and the psychological states of patients. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study involved 180 couples who sought consultation for IVF. To monitor the fluctuations in the emotional states of the cou ples throughout the IVF process, questionnaires were administered on two separate occasions: the first was conducted immediately before the initiation of medication, and the second was administered promptly following the completion of embryo trans fer. The BECK inventories for anxiety and depression were employed for evaluation. Pregnancy outcomes were exclusively analyzed for women who received high-quality blastocysts, with cleavage-stage embryo transfers being excluded from consideration. Results: Pregnancy rates did not significantly differ based on the presence of height ened anxiety and/or depression among couples. Notably, a correlation was identified between severe anxiety in women before IVF and diminished rates of fertilization, as well as lower blastocyst/oocyte and blastocyst/metaphase II (M2) ratios (8.7 ± 5.0 vs. 7.5 ± 6.1, P= 0.029; 0.284 ± 0.199 vs. 0.218 ± 0.209, P= 0.001; and 0.333 ± 0.209 vs. 0.272 ± 0.232, P= 0.016, respectively). In the male cohort, elevated anxiety scores, ei ther pre- or post-IVF treatment, were found to be linked with a reduced mean oocyte count, as well as lower rates of M2, fertilization, blastocyst, and total embryo counts (P< 0.05). Conclusions: Pregnancy rates were not affected by the presence of anxiety and de pression, as they do not exert a significant impact on the implantation success of blas tocysts. However, given that fertilization rates are statistically diminished in instances of severe anxiety, which consequently results in a reduced number of blastocysts and total embryos, a decline in cumulative pregnancy rates may be anticipated.
Addressing nutrition service management after the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes
(Cambridge University Press, 2025) Günalan, Elif; Turgut, Rana; Işıklar, Handan
The study addresses nutrition service management after the 7.8M and 7.6M Kahramanmaraş earthquakes. Initially, permission from the Turkish Red Crescent General Directorate and the support of the Turkish Red Crescent Academy were obtained to gather knowledge about the disaster response. In the short term, nutritional support was achieved for some settlements by the Turkish Red Crescent because the affected area was on a large scale. As a result, risk management should be considered, especially when planning nutrition services for the acute period. Nevertheless, the Turkish Red Crescent coordinated the long-term transportation and management of all food aid. Nearly 100 000 earthquake victims received nutrition services from the Turkish Red Crescent, while more than 3 million earthquake victims received food aid from nutrition platforms and other institutions. A multilevel nutrition service management model, which includes pre-disaster, disaster, and post-disaster, can accelerate the transition to normalization following the earthquake with a high-quality food supply and nutrition service.
Evaluation of posterior segment changes in pediatric asthma patients with and without inhaled corticosteroid therapy
(Springer Nature, 2025) Kıvrak, Ulviye; Çiçek, Fatih; Köle, Mehmet Tolga; Kaya Adaş, Büşra; Kandemir, İbrahim
This study aimed to evaluate and compare changes in the posterior segment of pediatric asthma patients, potentially associated with asthma or inhaled corticosteroids. A retrospective analysis was conducted on children aged 7–17 diagnosed with atopic asthma. The participants were categorized into groups: Group 1 (no inhaled corticosteroids) and Group 2 (inhaled corticosteroid treatment). A control group of healthy children was also included. Demographic data, clinical findings, and laboratory results (e.g., eosinophil count, IgE, CRP levels) were collected. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) were used to measure posterior segment parameters. Asthma patients demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in subfoveal choroidal thickness, the superficial capillary plexus in the superior and nasal quadrants, the choriocapillaris in the foveal quadrant, and the peripapillary vascular density in the inferior and superior quadrants compared to controls. Inflammation markers such as eosinophil count and CRP showed significant correlations with changes in vascular density. Asthma, as a chronic inflammatory and hypoxic condition, can significantly affect posterior segment parameters, leading to potential visual function impairments in children. Regular monitoring with OCT and OCTA can help detect early microvascular changes, allowing for timely interventions to preserve visual health.
Developing the menstrual migraine symptoms scale
(Ataturk University Publications, 2025) Özyer Güvener, Yasemin; Erdoğan Acar, Meryem; Parmaksız, Ayhan
Objective: The objective of this study was to develop the Menstrual Migraine Symptoms Scale (MMSS). Methods: The study utilized a robust methodological design with a sample size of 582 participants. The data underwent a comprehensive analysis employing various statistical techniques, including item analysis, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient, and the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) for test‐retest reliability. Results: The two sub‐dimensions of the scale, consisting of 19 items, demonstrated excellent internal consistency, with Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranging from 0.932 to 0.970. Furthermore, the total scale exhibited a high level of internal consistency, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.976. The item correlation values within the scale ranged from 0.741 to 0.921, indicating strong relationships between the items. Conclusion: The study findings conclusively demonstrated the validity and reliability of the MMSS as a robust measurement tool specifically designed for assessing female individuals.
In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy for detecting cutaneous metastasis in breast cancer
(Mattioli 1885, 2025) Duman, Nilay; Yaman, Banu; Oraloğlu, Göktürk; Kararaslan, Işıl
A 45-year-old female with a history of invasive ductal breast carcinoma (IDBC) presented with an asymptomatic erythematous nodule on the right mastectomy scar. Dermos copy revealed erythematous peripheral border, polymor phous and atypical vessels, focal scaling, and multiple white structureless areas appearing as white clods and strands. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) revealed a normal epidermis with a preserved honeycombed pattern, with der mal tumoral clusters of varying sizes consisting of highly polymorphous hyporeflective cells with different sizes and shapes.
A subjective multi-criteria assessment of the lean and green production by using hesitant fuzzy sets
(Springer Nature Link, 2025) Göçer, Fatmanur; Tüysüz, Fatih
Lean Production, which has been implemented in a wide range of areas for many years, mainly aims to meet customer satisfaction while reducing waste and keeping efficiency at the maximum level. The Green Production tries to minimize the negative impact of production on environment while to increase the efficient utilization of natural resources. The analogy of these two concepts may sometimes encourage the joint application. Analysis of the factors affecting the success of Lean and Green production requires a multi-dimensional evaluation of experts as either researchers or practitioners. In this way, the problem on hand becomes a typical multi-criteria decision making problem and also contains uncertainty inherent in subjective evaluation of decision makers. Due to this reason, this study presents a fuzzy multi-criteria evaluation methodology by using hesitant sets. A real life application of the approach which considers the case of Türkiye is also presented.
Evaluation of enamel surface roughness and volumetric change after resin remnant removal following orthodontic bracket debonding
(Quintessence Publishing Deutschland, 2025) Korkut, Bora; Uzun, Kadir Emre; Hacıali, Çiğdem; Ünal, Tuna; Tağtekin, Dilek
Purpose: To evaluate surface roughness and volumetric change of enamel after using different resin remnant removal (RRR) techniques, following orthodontic bracket debonding. Materials and Methods: Metal orthodontic brackets (Mini Twin Brackets, RMO) were bonded to 60 human (central or lateral) labial mid-third surfaces, and debonded 24 h after by a single orthodontist. The remaining composites were completely removed with the fluorescence light guidance by the D-Light-Pro led curing unit (GC/detection mode). The removal procedures were performed without magnification (n = 30) or with 20× magnification/5500 K illumination by a dental microscope (OMS2000, Zumax) (n = 30). Three RRR techniques were used: 12-bladed carbide bur (Horico), red-banded diamond bur (Horico), SofLex Disc (medium/40 μm, fine/24 μm, and superfine/8 µm; 3M). Surface changes were evaluated visually through microscope photographs by enamel surface index (ESI) and volumetrically by overlapping the three-dimensional images of a laser scanner device (LAS-20, SD-Mechatronik) in the Geomagic Design X (3D Systems) software. The deemed significance was set at 0.050 for the statistical analyses. Results: A positive, strong correlation was found between visual and volumetric change scores (P 0.001). Lesser volumetric loss (P 0.001) and roughness (P = 0.009) were observed for all RRR techniques when the magnification was used. Volumetric loss (mm3) by diamond bur was significantly the highest [1.85(1–3)a], followed by SofLex Disc [1.1(1–1)c] and carbide bur [0.59(0–1)b](P 0.001). Visual surface roughness scores (Ra) were significantly higher for diamond bur [4.5(4–5)b](P 0.001), followed by carbide bur 2(1–3)a and SofLex Disc 1(1–2)a. Conclusion: Surface roughness should always be assessed together with the volumetric enamel loss for the selection of RRR technique. Red-banded diamond bur should not be used for RRR. Even though the least surface roughness can be provided by SofLex Disc system, it can provide more intact enamel surface loss than the carbide bur. Magnification was considered useful for the RRR to provide a smoother surface while better preserving the intact enamel tissue.
Biomimetic management of orthodontic white spot lesions
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2025) Tunalı, Esra; Karaçay, Şeniz; Özen, Buğra; Albayrak, Önder
Objectives: white spot lesions (WSLs) may develop in patients with inadequate oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment. This study aimed to develop a natural remineralization agent by creating artificial WSLs in vitro. Materials/methods: WSLs were created in teeth with orthodontic buttons in vitro. The teeth were divided into the following groups: P11-4 (group 1), Nano-HA solution before sintering (group 2), Nano-HA solution after sintering (group 3), P11-4 and Nano-HA mixture before sintering (group 4), P11-4 and Nano-HA mixture after sintering (group 5), boron-containing Nano-HA mixture before sintering (group 6), boron-containing Nano-HA mixture after sintering (group 7), CPP-ACP (group 8), and artificial saliva (group 9). Measurements were taken before and after demineralization, and at the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th days of remineralization. Images were recorded using DIAGNOcam and VistaCamIX, area measurements were made using ImageJ, and SEM was used for remineralization assessment. Results: all groups except group 9 showed a reduction in the WSL area, with statistically significant results. SEM analysis revealed the lowest remineralization in groups 8 and 9, while the other groups exhibited more intense remineralization. Conclusions: the most successful groups for WSL remineralization were those containing pure Nano-HA (groups 2 and 3), with the other groups showing varying levels of remineralization.
Advanced low-thermal fortification strategy for dill juice: Enhanced bioaccessibility and functional properties through MLP-RSM optimization
(Frontiers Media S. A., 2025) Yıkmış, Seydi; Duman Altan, Aylin; Demirel, Selinay; Türkol, Melikenur; Tokatlı, Nazlı; Tokatlı Demirok, Nazan; Aljobair, Moneera O.; Karrar, Emad; Mohamed Ahmed, Isam A.
In this study, a combination of ultrasound and microwave technologies (USMW) was applied to increase the functional properties of Anethum graveolens L. (dill) juice and the obtained samples were comprehensively evaluated in terms of biofunctionality. Total phenolic content (TPC), β-carotene, total chlorophyll, antioxidant capacity (FRAP) and antidiabetic enzyme inhibition (α-glucosidase, α-amylase) were determined. The optimum process parameters were successfully estimated by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) models. USMW process increased the extraction of phenolic compounds and carotenoids, providing significant increases in TPC (126.08 mg GAE/100 mL), β-carotene (42.82 mg/100 mL) and chlorophyll (4.42 g/100 mL) levels (*p < 0.05). In the simulated post-digestion bioavailability assessments, the ultrasound and microwave (DJ-USMW) group showed the highest recovery rates. In addition, potential antidiabetic effects were confirmed by the inhibition of α-glucosidase (61.65%) and α-amylase (53.11%). PCA and clustering analyses showed that USMW application significantly separated the samples. The obtained results demonstrate that USMW technology is a sustainable and effective method, especially for the development of functional beverages, as an alternative to traditional heat treatments.
Artificial intelligence in predicting macular hole surgery outcomes: A focus on optical coherence tomography parameters
(Springer Nature, 2025) Öztürk, Yücel; Ağın, Abdullah; Yelmi, Burcu; Zorlutuna Kaymak, Nilufer
Purpose To evaluate the predictive performance of optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based indices and artificial intelligence (AI) using a Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (GPT) model and compare them with traditional logistic regression in forecasting anatomical success following macular hole (MH) surgery. Methods This retrospective observational study included 51 eyes of 51 patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy for idiopathic MH. Preoperative OCT measurements of macular hole index (MHI), traction hole index (THI), hole form factor (HFF), basal hole diameter (BHD), and minimum hole diameter (MHD) were recorded. GPT-based AI predictions were generated using masked input data. A logistic regression model was developed with the same variables. Predictive performance was assessed using accuracy, area under the curve (AUC), positive predictive value (POPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and Kappa statistics. Results Anatomical success was achieved in 72.5% of cases. MHI, THI, and HFF were significantly higher in the successful group (p<0.0001). GPT achieved an accuracy of 77.0% and AUC of 0.770, with perfect POPV (1.000) but low NPV (0.452). Logistic regression outperformed GPT, achieving an accuracy of 84.3%, an AUC of 0.759, a higher NPV (0.800), and better agreement (Kappa 0.568 vs. 0.392). BHD and MHD showed poor predictive power (AUC 0.291). Conclusion OCT-derived indices, especially MHI, THI, and HFF, effectively predict MH surgery outcomes. Logistic regression based on actual patient data demonstrated superior predictive performance compared to GPT. AI models hold potential but require further development, integration of multimodal data, and validation before clinical application.
Examination of anatomical features of zygomaticofacial foramen in children: A 3d reconstruction study
(Springer Nature Link, 2025) Ay, Tuğba; Kervancıoğlu, Piraye; Adanır, Saliha Seda; Yalçın, Eda Didem
Background Considering the implications of surgical fixation techniques such as plating, screwing, or wiring in pediatric zygomatic fractures, a detailed understanding of the zygomaticofacial foramen (ZFF) anatomy in children may help reduce intraoperative complications particularly injury to the zygomaticofacial nerve, which passes through the ZFF. Objective The aim of the present study is to examine the morphometric and morphological features of the ZFF in the pediatric population. Methods Before the study commenced, approval was obtained from Gaziantep University Clinical Research Ethics Committee (Approval number: 2024/177). Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 119 patients who applied to Gaziantep University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology for any reason were retrospectively examined with Radiant DICOM Viewer program. The presence, number, localization and distances to certain anatomical points of ZFF were measured. The ZFF was classified based on the number of foramina. To determine the localization of the foramen, the lateral surface of zygomatic bone was divided into four quadrants using two reference lines. These quadrants were designated as a, b, c, and d in a clockwise direction from the inferomedial to the superomedial region. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 24.0 package program and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 119 children (male: 65, female: 54; mean age: 13.14 ± 3.24) CBCT images (238 sides) were examined. In the classification based on the number of foramina, the absence of any foramen was defined as Type 0 (106, 44.5%); the presence of one, two, and three foramina was classified as Type I (91, 38.2%), Type II (35, 14.7%), and Type III (6, 2.5%), respectively. The mean distance between ZFF-orbit and ZFF-temporozygomatic suture was greater in male than in female (p = 0.006, p = 0.009, respectively). The mean distance between ZFF-frontozygomatic suture was greater in female (p = 0.032). The distances between ZFF-zygomaticomaxillary suture and lowest point of zygomatic bone were significantly different between age groups (p = 0.026, p = 0.004, respectively). Conclusion The findings of the present study indicate that the zygomaticofacial foramen (ZFF) is most frequently located in region c and rarely in region b. Based on this observation, region b may represent a safer zone for surgical interventions in this area. The findings of the present study may help to minimize complications in surgeries and invasive procedures involving the zygoma region in children.
Impact of bruxism on the mandibular angle and condylar structures: A panoramic radiographic assessment
(Springer Nature Link, 2025) Artaş, Aslıhan; Aslan Öztürk, Elif Meltem
Objectives The aim of this study is to comparatively evaluate morphologic changes in the mandibular angle and condylar region, assess the mandibular cortical index (MCI), and analyze the relationships between these parameters in bruxers and non-bruxers using panoramic radiographs. Methods A total of 182 patients (364 mandibular condyle and angle), 91 bruxers and 91 non-bruxers (controls), aged between 18 and 35, were participated in this study. Three hundred sixty four mandibular angles were classifed as G0, G1, G2, G3 in terms of bone apposition and direction change. In addition, osseous changes in the mandibular condyle were determined and the endoestal edge of the basal cortex was evaluated according to the MCI classifcation. Parameters were analyzed using the Pearson’s Chi-Square test and Fisher's Exact test. A p value<0.05 was considered signifcant. Result MCI class C1, G0 class, and normal condyle type were found to be signifcantly more common in the non-bruxist group than in the bruxist group (p<0.001, p=0.025, p=0.006, respectively). It was determined that deformity and MCI-C2 class were more common in the bruxist group (p=0.006, p<0.001). Morphologic changes in the endosteal margin of the cortex and in the condylar region were observed more frequently in bruxist individuals. Conclusion For a general overview of the probable presence of bruxism, osseous changes in the mandibular condyle, and MCI can be used as auxiliary diagnostic markers.
Surgical anatomy of the distal part of the dorsal scapular nerve with a focus on the triple-tendon transfer
(Wiley, 2025) Çelikgün, Beyza; Gayretli, Özcan; Gürses, İlke Ali; Coşkun, Osman; Kale, Aysin
Introduction: A review of the literature shows that most studies of the dorsal scapular nerve (DSN) have focused on morphological evaluation of the proximal part of the nerve. Morphometric studies contributing to clinical applications are limited. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the topographic and morphometric anatomy of the distal part of the DSN. Methods: 13 cadavers in the Department of Anatomy, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, were examined bilaterally. DSN dissection was performed on the anterior surface of the levator scapulae and rhomboids, and the distance to the medial border of the scapula (MBS) was recorded at different levels. The insertion lengths of the levator scapulae and rhomboids were also measured. Results: Two types of DSN were observed according to the level of termination in the muscle. Contrary to its classical course, the nerve ran laterally to the MBS on the four sides. The shortest distance between the nerve and the MBS was at the level of the superior border of the rhomboid minor (4.46 ± 9.88 mm). The insertion lengths of the levator scapulae and rhomboids according to gender and the insertion length of the rhomboid minor according to the level of termination in the muscle were significant. Discussion: We have obtained results that may be useful during Eden–Lange tendon transfer. The DSN is not always located medial to the MBS, it may be located lateral to it. To avoid nerve damage, we believe it is important to identify the nerve on the anterior surface of the muscles for a successful surgery.
Anatomical features of the superior vesical artery and its relationship with neighboring arteries
(Springer Nature Link, 2025) Toklu, Elif; Gayretli, Özcan; Sağlam, Latif; Şahan, Orhun; Kara, Erdoğan; Coşkun, Osman
Background The superior vesical artery (SVA) is one of the important arteries that supply the urinary bladder. This study aimed to investigate anatomical features of the SVA, its morphometric relationships with neighboring arteries. Methods Totally, 102 (52 male and 50 female) fresh cadavers were dissected. The lengths of the common iliac artery (LCIA) and the internal iliac artery (LIIA) were measured. The distances between the umbilical and the frst superior vesical arteries (UmbA-First SVA), and the umbilical and the last superior vesical arteries (UmbA-Last SVA) were calculated. The distance between the uterine and the frst superior vesical arteries (UA-First SVA) was measured. The measurements were conducted in millimeters using the ImageJ software program. Results The mean LCIA was 60.75±15.03 mm on the right and 61.96±16.17 mm on the left. The mean LIIA was 34.19±14.33 mm on the right and 32.02±14.58 mm on the left. The number of SVA ranged from 1 to 4. The mean UmbA First SVA and UmbA-Last SVA were 14.59±13.80 mm and 31.12±17.47 mm for the right, respectively. Additionally, the mean UmbA-First SVA and UmbA-Last SVA were 13.87±13.06 mm and 35.90±18.26 mm for the left, respectively. A statistically signifcant diference was found for UmbA-First SVA according to gender and for UmbA-Last SVA according to sides. Lastly, the mean UA-First SVA was 18.05±9.26 mm on the right and 23.39±13.47 mm on the left. Conclusion The results of the study may guide clinicians in bladder-focused pelvic surgeries, oncological treatments, endo vascular operations, and interventional radiologic treatments.
Unleashing the hidden potential: The transformative influence of occupational health and safety education on chemical engineers
(Sakarya University, 2025) Dilek, Sümeyye; Özdemir Olgun, Fatoş Ayça
Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) education plays a crucial role in shaping the professional development of chemical engineers, equipping them with the necessary knowledge and skills to ensure workplace safety and prevent occupational hazards. This manuscript presents a comprehensive review of the impacts of OHS education on chemical engineers, focusing on its role in enhancing awareness, knowledge acquisition, and practical application. The study explores the influence of OHS education on promoting a safety culture, improving risk assessment and management practices, and fostering a proactive approach towards identifying and mitigating occupational hazards. It also investigates the effects of OHS education on job satisfaction, professional growth, and career opportunities within the chemical engineering field. By analyzing relevant literature and case studies, this review provides valuable insights into the positive outcomes resulting from integrating OHS education into the curriculum at universities. The findings emphasize the significance of OHS education in cultivating competent and safety-conscious chemical engineers who contribute to sustainable and responsible industrial practices.
Integrating occupational health and safety into enterprise risk management: A structural evaluation 1
(Frontiers Media S. A., 2025) Kılıç, Yalçın; Vayvay, Özalp
Introduction: This study aims to investigate the extent to which Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) risks can be incorporated into the broader framework of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM). Although both systems were developed with similar goals-identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks-they have often operated independently. The research explores whether aligning OHS practices with ERM strategies, particularly through internal audit mechanisms, can foster a more unified and efficient approach to organizational risk management.Method: A qualitative document analysis was conducted, examining current national legislation, international standards such as ISO 31000 (Risk Management) and ISO 45001 (Occupational Health and Safety), and selected academic studies. The evaluation focused on structural similarities, procedural intersections, and the functional roles of personnel involved in ERM, Internal Audit (IA), and OHS processes.The analysis revealed a substantial convergence between ERM and OHS in terms of risk identification techniques, prevention-based methodologies, and monitoring processes. The responsibilities of internal auditors and occupational safety specialists display notable overlaps, particularly in areas such as compliance, documentation, hazard assessment, and performance reporting. These parallels support the feasibility of integrating OHS risk management into the ERM structure.For a more effective and holistic approach to enterprise-level risk governance, it is essential to include occupational health and safety risks within the ERM framework. This integration would not only streamline risk management activities but also enhance audit efficiency and organizational resilience. Establishing a closer operational relationship between OHS units and internal audit systems would contribute to safer working environments and more strategic risk oversight.
Utilization and fertility preservation outcomes in women undergoing embryo cryopreservation before breast cancer treatment: A meta-analysis
(Elsevier, 2025) Turan, Volkan; Öktem, Özgür; Bang, Heejung; Oktay, Kutluk Han
Our aim was to assess fertility preservation (the proportion of women who had at least 1 live birth) and utilization rates (the proportion of women who utilized their cryopreserved embryos) rates among women who cryopreserved their embryos before breast cancer treatments. PubMed and Cochrane library database were searched until December 2024. We included all studies that reported pregnancy outcomes, the number of women who returned for frozen embryo transfer, and the number of women who preserved their fertility. The primary outcome measures were the utilization and fertility preservation rates. Secondary outcome measures were implantation, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rates. Of the 12 studies, 9 met the criteria, encompassing >2126 women with breast cancer who cryopreserved their embryos for fertility preservation. In 9 studies that reported the total number of attempts, 424 women underwent 863 embryo transfers. Based on those studies, the clinical pregnancy and live birth rates were 50% (95% CI: 35-65, I 2: 80%) and 33% (95% CI: 22-46, I 2: 76%), respectively. The utilization and fertility preservation rates were 18% (95% CI: 9-32, I 2: 95%) and 39% (95% CI: 29-51, I 2: 48%), respectively, all from random-effects models. Fertility preservation success with embryos cryopreserved before breast cancer treatments seems to be promising. However, the utilization rate of cryopreserved embryos is low. Additional studies with larger sample size and longer follow up are required to evaluate the long-term utility rates.

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