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Poly(bromophenol blue)/ CoSn(OH)6 cubic particles modified pencil graphite electrode for electrochemical determination of diphenhydramine
(Nature Research, 2026) Karakaya, Serkan; Bakırdere, Sezgin; Şaylan, Meltem; Dilgin, Yusuf
In this study, a poly(bromophenol blue) (poly(BPB))-coated CoSn(OH)6 cubic particles -modified pencil graphite electrode (poly(BPB)@CoSn(OH)6/PGE) was developed, and its electrochemical activity towards diphenhydramine (DPHN) oxidation was systematically investigated. Cyclic voltammetric studies revealed that the oxidation of DPHN at the modified electrode is governed by a diffusioncontrolled process, indicating strong interaction between DPHN molecules and the poly(BPB) film. The incorporation of the CoSn(OH)6 cubic structure enhances electron transfer kinetics by increasing the density of electroactive sites and facilitating charge transport across the electrode interface. This cooperative interaction between the conductive polymer and metal hydroxide structure results in a significant amplification of the oxidation response. Under optimized conditions, the proposed electrode exhibited a linear response in the concentration range of 1.0–500.0 µM with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.30 µM. Although the analytical performance is comparable to previously reported systems, the present work provides deeper insight into the role of polymer–metal hydroxide interfaces in governing electrochemical sensing behavior. The sensor also demonstrated acceptable selectivity and applicability in pharmaceutical, biological, and environmental samples. These findings highlight the importance of interfacial design in improving electrochemical performance and offer a useful framework for developing advanced hybrid sensing platforms.
Production-phase carbon footprint of photopolymer resin workflows for direct-print orthodontic aligners: A screening carbon-footprint assessment
(MDPI Publishing, 2026) Özcan, Mustafa; Allaf, Ferdi
Direct-print aligners are widely presented as the environmentally preferable alternative to thermoforming, but which part of the process governs the carbon released during manufacture has not been established. Four commercial printer–resin workflows were modelled: Graphy Tera Harz resin on a Uniz NBEE (A) and an Asiga MAX 2 (B), the LuxCreo iLux Pro as a closed chain (C), and Graphy resin on a DentaFab Sega Pro (D). Energy, material and throughput data came from the manufacturers. Production-phase CO2e per aligner was propagated through 10,000 Monte Carlo draws, with the resin emission factor sampled across its full published range (3.0–6.5 kg CO2e/kg) and the thermoformed comparator represented as a distribution. Mean footprints were 0.043, 0.036, 0.089 and 0.020 kg CO2e per aligner (95% uncertainty intervals were 0.032–0.056, 0.026–0.047, 0.077–0.101 and 0.016–0.025), against a thermoformed median of 0.190. Direct printing was the lower of the two in every paired iteration. Resin dominated, contributing 41–79% of the total; solvent added a further 41% in the one workflow using it, while electricity of all kinds accounted for 19–36%. Thermoforming would match direct printing only at series lengths of 45 to 202 aligners, far above the 14–30 of clinical practice; under the most unfavourable resin factor the margin narrowed but did not close. Material efficiency, not energy sourcing, is where reductions are available.
Novel 1-benzyl-oxindole indole hybrids targeting PDGFR-β, SRC, and c-MET signaling and inducing caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells
(Elsevier, 2026) Cinek, Tuğçe; Yıldırım, Merve; Cihan-Üstündağ, Gökçe; Genç Akar, Öyküm; Sancar, Serap; Erol-Bozkurt, Ayşe; Özen-Eroğlu, Güneş; Küçüker, Begüm; Öztay, Füsun; Kuruca, Serap; Bolkent, Şehnaz; Karalı, Nilgün
As part of our ongoing efforts to develop N-benzylated oxindole derivatives as multi-target anticancer agents, novel N-benzyl oxindole indoles (4a–z) were designed, synthesized and structurally characterized. Their cytotoxic activities were evaluated against HCT-116, HT-29, A549, MIA PaCa-2, A498, CAKI-1, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7 cancer cells, as well as Beas2b noncancerous cells. Most compounds exhibited significantly stronger cytotoxicity and selectivity than the reference drug sunitinib malate. Mechanistic studies were performed on compounds 4a, 4b, 4d, 4g, 4i, 4q, and 4y, which displayed submicromolar cytotoxic effects (IC50 = 0.27- 0.97 μM) and high selectivity indices (SI = 91.3->370.4). Among these, compounds 4a, 4b, and, 4i, which exhibited stronger cytotoxic effects than sunitinib malate, significantly induced apoptosis and markedly suppressed general tyrosine kinase (TK) activity. Compounds 4a (IC50 = 0.27 μM, SI = 167.8) and 4b (IC50 = 0.48 μM; SI = 91.2) markedly reduced PDGFR-β and SRC signaling, and inhibited ERK signaling more potently than sunitinib malate (IC50 = 4.03 μM, SI = 3.2) in MIA PaCa-2 cells. Notably, compound 4a also exhibited stronger reduction c-MET signaling than sunitinib malate, whereas compound 4b was less effective against this target. Overall, compound 4a displayed the most potent multi-target inhibitory profile and was identified as lead candidate. Molecular docking studies further supported its stable binding within the ATPbinding pockets of PDGFR-β, SRC, and c-MET kinases, consistent with its observed inhibitory activity. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated that compound 4a induces caspase-3-mediated apoptosis through a Bax/Bcl-2- independent pathway, accompanied by increased levels of cytochrome c and p53. Collectively, these findings identify compound 4a as a potent, selective, and multi-target lead candidate for further development against pancreatic cancer.
A 12-week randomized controlled trial of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet in seropositive rheumatoid arthritis: Effects on disease activity and outcomes
(Elsevier, 2026) Özüpek, Gökçen; Altay, İkbal Süheyla; Kalyoncu Atasoy, Zeynep Begüm; Torun, Ege Sinan
Background & aims: Dietary interventions may improve rheumatoid arthritis (RA) outcomes through anti-inflammatory and metabolic pathways. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on disease activity and treatment outcomes in patients with seropositive RA. Methods: In this 12-week parallel-group randomized controlled trial, 82 patients with seropositive RA were randomly assigned to a DASH diet intervention (n = 40) or a control group maintaining their usual diet (n = 42). The primary outcome was change in disease activity assessed using the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints based on erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS-28 E SR). Secondary outcomes included change in DAS-28 based on C-reactive protein (DAS-28 CRP), as well as tender and swollen joint counts, ESR, CRP, visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for pain and general health, the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), and the Short Form-36 (SF-36). Adherence to the intervention was evaluated using the DASH diet score. Assessments were performed at baseline and at weeks 4, 8, and 12. Data were analyzed according to the intention-to-treat principle. Repeated clinical outcomes were analyzed using robust mixed ANOVA or generalized estimating equations (GEE), as appropriate. Results: Of the 82 randomized patients, 49 completed the 12-week study. Adherence to the DASH diet increased significantly in the intervention group compared with the control group (p < 0.001). From baseline to Week 12, DAS-28 ESR decreased by 0.92 points in the DASH group versus 0.17 points in the control group, corresponding to a 0.75-point greater reduction (group × time interaction, p = 0.001). Significant between-group differences in change were also observed for DAS-28 CRP (− 0.62), ESR (− 3.90 mm/h), VAS-pain (− 2.19), VAS-general health (− 2.12), and HAQ (− 0.38) (all group × time p˂0.05). For SF-36, significant between-group differences in change were observed for physical functioning (+10.15), role-physical (+47.30), bodily pain (+22.17), vitality (+18.52), role-emotional (+38.61), and mental health (+12.06) (all group × time p < 0.05). CRP, tender and swollen joint counts did not show significant group × time interactions (p > 0.05). Furthermore, in the intervention group, improvements in DASH diet adherence were negatively correlated with changes in DAS-28 ESR and DAS-28 CRP scores (both p < 0.05). Conclusions: A 12-week DASH dietary intervention may provide clinically meaningful improvements in disease activity and patient-reported outcomes in patients with seropositive RA. These findings support the potential role of the DASH dietary pattern as a promising dietary approach to complement the management of RA. However, the relatively high attrition rate should be considered when interpreting the findings. Trial registration: This trial is registered with Clinicaltrials.gov (ID: NCT07170033). https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07170033
Uterus-preserving laparoscopic lateral suspension provides durable anatomical and functional success in apical pelvic organ prolapse: Long-term results from a single-center study
(Via Medica, 2026) Şahin, Turan; Tekin, Arzu Bilge; Şahin, Hanifi; Tuğ, Niyazi; Perkyürek, Şahin; Doğan, İlker Orhan
Objectives: To evaluate the long-term anatomical, functional, and patient-reported outcomes of uterus-preserving laparoscopic lateral suspension (LLS) in women with apical pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Material and methods: This retrospective cohort study included 98 women with symptomatic apical POP who underwent uterus-preserving LLS between January 2018 and December 2021 at a single tertiary center. All patients had at least 24 months of follow-up (mean: 40.6 ± 10.8 months). Anatomical outcomes were assessed using the POP-Q system, functional outcomes with POP-SS, P-QOL, M-ISI, and FSFI, and patient satisfaction with the PGI-I scale. The primary endpoint was composite clinical success, defined as anatomical success (POP-Q stage 0–1 in all compartments), absence of reoperation, and a positive PGI-I response. Results: The mean age was 48.1 ± 10.5 years, mean BMI was 27.0 ± 3.5 kg/m², and 42.9% were postmenopausal. Concomitant procedures were performed in 44.9% of cases. At long-term follow-up, significant improvements were observed in all POP-Q points (Ba from 0.6 to –3.4 cm, C from 0.3 to –2.5 cm, and Bp from –1.7 to –3.6 cm; all p < 0.001). POP-SS, P-QOL, and M-ISI scores improved markedly (all p < 0.001). FSFI showed significant improvement in the pain domain. Composite clinical success was achieved in 93.9% of patients, with anatomical success rates of 98.0% (apical), 98.0% (anterior), and 96.9% (posterior). Patient satisfaction was high, with 96.9% reporting “very much better” or “much better” on PGI-I. Reoperation was required in 3.1% of cases. Intraoperative complications included bladder injury (2.0%) and bleeding requiring transfusion (1.0%). Late complications were rare, with mesh exposure in 2.0% and dyspareunia in 3.1%. Conclusions: Uterus-preserving LLS provides durable long-term anatomical and functional success, high patient satisfaction, and low complication rates, representing a safe and effective alternative to sacrocolpopexy in the surgical management of apical POP.
Effect of power arm length and attachment configuration on maxillary molar mesialization with clear aligners: A finite element analysis
(BioMed Central, 2026) Çavuşoğlu, Ahmet; Erdem, Buket
Background Maxillary molar mesialization with clear aligners is challenging because achieving controlled root movement without excessive mesial tipping remains difficult. Although power arms can modify the force system, the combined effects of power-arm length and attachment configuration on molar displacement and tipping remain insufficiently characterized. This study evaluated the effects of 6-, 8-, and 10-mm power arms combined with two attachment configurations during maxillary first molar mesialization using three-dimensional finite element analysis. Methods The attachment configurations were selected to represent two clinically distinct approaches to integrating a vertical attachment with a power arm: a palatal vertical attachment combined with a buccal cut-out and a buccal vertical attachment with direct power-arm integration. Six three-dimensional finite element models were constructed by combining three power arm lengths (6, 8, and 10 mm) with two attachment configurations: a palatal vertical attachment with a buccal cut-out, and a buccal vertical attachment without a cut-out. A mesial force of 200 g was applied from a temporary anchorage device (TAD) to the power arm. Displacements were measured along the X (bucco–palatal), Y (mesio–distal), and Z (occluso–gingival) axes. Peak von Mises stress values in the periodontal ligament and aligner deformation were evaluated. Results In all models, maxillary first molar displacement occurred predominantly in the mesial and gingival directions. Mesial crown displacement ranged from 0.068 to 0.074 mm, while distal displacement at the root apex ranged from 0.011 to 0.012 mm. Mesial tipping angles ranged from 0.155° to 0.170°, with higher tipping observed in models with shorter power arms. Increasing power arm length was consistently associated with reduced mesial tipping and lower periodontal ligament stress, but with reduced mesial crown displacement. Shorter power arms generated higher periodontal ligament stress, whereas longer power arms were associated with greater aligner deformation. Conclusions Power arm length and attachment configuration were associated with differences in initial tooth displacement patterns, periodontal ligament stress distribution, and aligner deformation during maxillary first molar mesialization with clear aligners. Longer power arms were associated with reduced mesial tipping and lower periodontal ligament stress, but also with reduced mesial crown displacement. The buccal vertical attachment configuration consistently produced lower mesial rotation than the palatal vertical attachment with buccal cut-out configuration at each corresponding power-arm length; this difference should be interpreted as a configuration dependent finding within the initial biomechanical response.
Solid and nanostructured lipid carriers for plant-derived neuroprotective agents: Advances and future perspectives
(Bentham Science Publishers, 2026) Küpeli, Esra; Mancak, Methiye; Çakırlı, Egemen; Bardakçı, Hilal; Avcı, Tuğba Buse; Özdemir, Samet
Neurodegenerative disorders, particularly Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), continue to pose a substantial therapeutic challenge, largely due to progressive neuronal degeneration and the limited effectiveness of currently available treatments. Plant-derived bioactive compounds—including poly phenols, alkaloids, terpenoids, and flavonoids—have shown notable neuroprotective properties. However, their clinical use remains constrained by low bioavailability and limited ability to cross the blood–brain barri er (BBB). Lipid-based nanocarrier systems, especially solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), have emerged as promising alternatives for improving delivery efficiency. This review evaluates recent advances in SLN and NLC formulations developed for phytochemical delivery in neuro degenerative conditions, focusing on formulation approaches, production methods, and the physicochemical factors that govern system performance. Preclinical findings consistently indicate enhanced solubility, im proved stability, and more effective brain targeting with these systems. Even so, several challenges continue to impede their clinical translation. In particular, issues related to formulation reproducibility, scalability of production, and long-term safety remain unresolved. Alternative administration routes such as intranasal de livery offer a potential strategy to bypass the BBB, although their practical feasibility still requires further confirmation. SLN- and NLC-based systems offer a promising approach, although their clinical development is still ongoing. Future efforts should focus on establishing standardized formulation protocols, conducting rigorous in vivo studies, and ensuring alignment with regulatory requirements to facilitate successful clinical translation.
Meniscal position after bucket-handle tear repair: A multiplanar MRI comparison of all-inside and inside-out techniques
(Elsevier, 2026) Ağır, Muzaffer; Ali, Jotyar; Sarıkaş, Murat; Toker, Berkin; Tuncay, İbrahim; Taşer, Ömer; Erden, Tunay
Hypothesis/purpose: To compare multiplanar meniscal position following all-inside and inside-out repair of bucket-handle tears using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to evaluate the associa tion between meniscal shift and short-term clinical outcomes. Methods: A retrospective comparative study was performed on 83 patients who underwent arthro scopic repair of bucket-handle meniscal tears. Postoperative MRI was used to evaluate meniscal position in multiple planes by measuring coronal extrusion and sagittal anterior and posterior meniscal position relative to the tibial plateau borders. When available, postoperative measurements were additionally compared with MRI findings from contralateral asymptomatic knees as a patient-specific native refer ence. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using Lysholm, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores at final follow-up. Comparisons were made between all inside and inside-out repair techniques. Results: Eighty-three patients were included (45 medial, 38 lateral). In the medial meniscus, coronal position did not change significantly after repair in either technique, whereas posterior sagittal position increased by approximately 2 mm after repair regardless of repair technique (both p < 0.001). In the lateral meniscus, the meniscus shifted toward a more peripheral coronal position postoperatively in both techniques (both p < 0.001), while posterior sagittal position increased by approximately 5 mm and anterior sagittal position remained unchanged. Postoperative meniscal position was comparable between techniques and generally remained within contralateral native reference ranges. All clinical scores improved significantly without technique-dependent differences. Conclusion: All-inside and inside-out repair produced comparable coronal and sagittal meniscal posi tion at 1 year after bucket-handle repair and similar clinical improvements. Postoperative meniscal position generally remained within contralateral reference ranges regardless of repair technique. No technique-dependent differences in meniscal position or clinical outcomes were identified.
A survey on terminology and diagnostic features of a subgroup of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension patients: A report from asia-pacific experts
(Elsevier, 2026) Shukla, Akash; Qi, Xiaolong; Örmeci, Necati; Duseja, Ajay; Sarin, Shiv
Background: There have been recent proposals to replace non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis (NCPF), idiopathic portal hypertension (IPH), idiopathic non-cirrhotic portal hypertension, nodular regenerative hyperplasia, etc. with an all-encompassing term “porto-sinusoidal vascular disorder.” However, the Asia-Pacific Association for Study of the Liver recommended continued use of the term NCPF/IPH. Methods: We sent this questionnairebased online survey to capture the clinical perspectives of 300 specialized experts in the Asia-Pacific region with complete anonymisation. Results: The survey (n = 242 respondents) revealed overwhelming support for the continued use of the NCPF/IPH nomenclature, with 93.4% of experts favoring the term in daily practice. Furthermore, 80.1% endorsed liver histopathology as a fundamental diagnostic component, while 95.9% agreed that a lower-than-cirrhosis-range liver stiffness measurement obtained via transient elastography in the presence of portal hypertension is highly indicative of the condition.A total of 91% agreed with the APASL staging system. Conclusions: The results highlight a persistent regional consensus favoring a clinical, histological and portal hypertension–driven diagnostic and staging framework for NCPF. The survey reveals strong support for the continued use of the NCPF/IPH nomenclature. ( J CLIN EXP HEPATOL 2027;17:103671)
The global ACLF consensus : The ‘Istanbul document’
(Springer Nature Link, 2026) Kulkarni, Anand V.; Choudhury, Ashok; Arora, Vinod; Dökmeci, Abdul Kadir; Koshy, Abraham; Gürakar, Ahmet; Duseja, Ajay; Roy, Akash; Örmeci, Necati; Sarin, Shiv Kumar
The Kyoto Consensus introduced a key conceptual shift in characterizing acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) patients into Type-A and Type-B phenotypes. A day-long meeting was convened at Istanbul during APASL 2026 to assess the real-world applicability of Type-A and Type-B ACLF across continents. The objective was that physicians could recognize ACLF as a unified disease entity, and quality research and new therapeutic options with defined end-points could be undertaken. Data from APASL ACLF Research Consortium (AARC), EASL-CLIF and NACSELD were assessed and discussed in detail. While the applicability of Type-A and Type-B varied across cohorts, the definition required to be appended. The experts unanimously agreed that ‘liver failure’ as identified by serum bilirubin of≥5 mg/dl and INR≥1.5 should be the ‘core’ for both Type-A and Type-B ACLF. Type-A ACLF is considered when “a patient with compensated advanced chronic liver disease or compensated cirrhosis presents with index decompensation as liver failure followed by development of ascites and/ or hepatic encephalopathy within 4 weeks.” Type-B ACLF is considered when “a patient with prior or concurrent decompensated cirrhosis presents with acute decompensation as liver failure accompanied by one or more extrahepatic organ failures.” New definitions of organ dysfunction and failure, as well as endpoints for clinical trials, were also deliberated and finalized. The “Istanbul Report”, presents a milestone evidence based consensus document carrying harmonization of various aspects of ACLF, incorporating current evidence, critically analyzed unanimous recommendations, and key areas for future studies.
Adenomyosis and uterine fibroids: Two distinct yet overlapping clinical entities
(MDPI Publishing, 2026) Pecorella, Giovanni; Morciano, Andrea; Medvediev, Mykhailo; Sparic, Radmila; Bıyık, İsmail; Aydın, Gerçek; Baldini, Giorgio Maria; Malvasi, Antonio; Stojković, Marta; Tinelli, Andrea
Adenomyosis and uterine fibroids are among the most common benign uterine disorders in women of reproductive age and represent major causes of abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pain, and infertility. Despite their distinct histopathological features, they frequently coexist and share several hormonal and molecular mechanisms, making diagnosis and treatment challenging. This narrative review examines the current evidence on their epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, imaging characteristics, reproductive impact, and therapeutic management, with particular attention to the role of imaging in the differential diagnosis and management of coexisting disease. A non-systematic narrative review of the literature was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus. Relevant original studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, consensus statements, and clinical guidelines addressing adenomyosis, uterine fibroids, imaging, fertility, and treatment were considered. Additional references were identified through manual screening of the bibliographies of the retrieved articles. Although adenomyosis and uterine fibroids differ in their biological origin and morphological appearance, they commonly present with overlapping symptoms, including heavy menstrual bleeding, dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, and reproductive dysfunction. Transvaginal ultrasound remains the first-line imaging modality, whereas magnetic resonance imaging is particularly valuable in complex cases, lesion characterization, and preoperative assessment. Accurate imaging phenotyping may help distinguish isolated from coexisting disease and support individualized medical, surgical, or minimally invasive treatment planning. A structured imaging-based approach integrated with clinical findings and reproductive goals may improve disease characterization and support individualized management of adenomyosis and uterine fibroids. Further standardization of imaging criteria and validation of emerging diagnostic technologies may improve patient stratification and treatment selection.
On the effectiveness of the weighted least squares technique for urban scaling: Empirical evidence on the relationship between labor productivity and city size in the u.s., europe, and latin america
(Springer Nature Link, 2026) Dingeç, Kemal Dinçer; Börü, Furkan; Tahsin, Emine
The cities are the places where scale economies are created. Therefore economics of agglomeration is important to understand different aspects of urbanization. The principles of agglomeration economies can be quantified by scaling analysis. The standard statistical method for scaling analysis is simple linear regression (ordinary least squares). However, the special characteristics of city data such as non-normal ity and non-constant variance (heteroskedasticity) complicate the statistical estima tion and make it necessary to use special estimation techniques. In this paper, to overcome these problems, the standard approach of utilizing the classical weighted least square technique is suggested. The novelty of the paper is the derivation of a specific weighting rule starting from a lognormal model of the individual-level metric. We applied the ordinary least squares (OLS) and the weighted least squares (WLS) technique for the investigation and comparison of the scaling behaviors of labor productivities in the cities of three different regions (Latin America, Europe, and the USA). It is revealed that while in the US and Europe OLS and WLS yield similar results, the OLS is incapable of detecting the scaling behavior in Latin America. The WLS is capable of identifying the “increasing return to scale” rela tionship between city size and labor productivity.
Reusable photo-crosslinked acrylate networks incorporating coumarin and S-CQDs for trace-level picric acid detection
(Elsevier, 2026) Toprak, Yunus Emre; Bulut, Mustafa; Artuç, Gamze Özgül; Uyumaz Cengiz, Fatmanur; Çubuk, Soner; Kahraman, Memet Vezir
Translating liquid-based luminescent nanomaterials into functional solid-state systems remains a major hurdle in environmental analysis. To address this limitation, this work presents the development of a structurally durable, multi-component polymeric sensor specifically engineered for the trace-level recognition of picric acid (PA). The sensing platform was formulated by embedding heteroatom-modified carbon nanodots (S-CQDs) alongside a custom-synthesized acrylated coumarin precursor within a tightly cross-linked UV-cured acrylate matrix. By confining the active phase within this polymeric architecture, the water-dispersible quantum dots are retained within a solid support while preserving their luminescent behavior. Upon exposure to PA, the formulated composite film (F2) exhibits pronounced fluorescence attenuation. The observed quenching is interpreted as an association-assisted process with possible contributions from photoinduced electron transfer (PET) and spectral- overlap-related effects. Under the optimized conditions, the sensor exhibited a linear response over 9.70 × 10 8–4.05 ×10 6 mol L 1 (R2 =0.9924), with a limit of detection of 2.25 ×10 8 mol L 1, a limit of quanti fication of 7.50 ×10 8 mol L 1, and a response time of approximately 20 s. The F2 film showed preferential fluorescence quenching toward PA compared with the investigated metal ions, aromatic species, and nitro aromatic compounds. The film retained approximately 95% of its baseline emission after 150 sensing/regener ation cycles and after two months of ambient storage. Practical applicability was demonstrated using real soil samples spiked with PA prior to extraction, yielding recoveries of 98.5–102.4% with RSD values of 1.4–2.1%. These results support the use of the S-CQD/acrylated-dicoumarin acrylate film as a reusable solid-state fluo rescence platform for PA determination.
Comprehensive analyses of sox7 provide novel insights on its tumor suppressor role and its target genes with therapeutic implications in multiple myeloma
(MDPI Publishing, 2026) Ceylan, Arda; Hu, Xiaozhou; Hatipoğlu, Tevfik; Nainkwi, Fenangi Chiara; Payzın, Kadriye Bahriye; Özsan, Güner Hayri; Şirinoğlu Demiriz, Itır; Şeker, Ömer; Kakçı, Merve; Küçük, Can
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematological malignancy. SOX7, located within the recurrently deleted 8p23.1 region in MM, is suggested to act as a tumor suppressor. We characterized SOX7 through genetic, epigenetic, and functional analyses in MM cell lines. SOX7 was frequently silenced due to deletion and/or promoter hypermethylation. Ectopic SOX7 expression in KMS-18 and MM.1S cell lines caused a progressive decline in SOX7-transduced cells and induced G1 cell cycle arrest and/or apoptosis. Although SOX7 re-expression did not enhance bortezomib efficacy, treatment with the pan-histone deacetylase inhibitor panobinostat induced G1 arrest, promoted apoptosis, and increased SOX7 expression in MM.1S cells. Whole-transcriptome sequencing identified G1/S progression-related Wnt/β-catenin pathway genes as major SOX7-regulated targets, while ChIP-Seq analysis revealed widespread genomic SOX7 occupancy in MM.1S. Flow cytometric analysis of permeabilized bone marrow tumor cells from newly diagnosed and relapsed MM patients demonstrated generally low SOX7 protein expression. Collectively, these results indicate that SOX7 functions as a tumor suppressor in MM, and its inactivation promotes cell cycle progression. The anti-myeloma effects of panobinostat in MM.1S cells may be partially mediated through SOX7 induction.
Cross-domain generalization of deep learning architectures for cephalometric landmark detection: A dual-dataset and multi-device benchmark
(MDPI Publishing, 2026) Allaf, Ferdi; Özcan, Mustafa
Background/Objectives: Deep learning models for cephalometric landmark detection report near-ceiling accuracy on single benchmarks, yet most are trained and tested on the same dataset. Whether the best in-domain architecture remains best out-of-domain has not been systematically quantified. Methods: Four architecture families (heatmap CNN, two-stage cascade, coordinate-regression Vision Transformer, pretrained ResNet-50) were each trained on two independently sourced datasets—ISBI 2015 (400 images, one device) and Aariz (1000 images, seven devices)—and evaluated on both, over their 19 shared landmarks in millimeters. All axes used three seeds (mean ± SD): the cross-dataset matrix, leave-one-device-out shift, balanced joint training, a pretrained-versus-scratch ablation, and a landmark-level breakdown. Results: In-domain mean radial error (MRE) was 2.47–3.04 mm (Aariz) and 4.12–5.55 mm (ISBI); cross-dataset error rose steeply (Generalization Drop—the relative increase in error out-of-domain—155–426%). The most accurate model in-domain (a from-scratch heatmap CNN, 2.47 mm) showed the largest drop, and every pretrained estimate fell below every from-scratch estimate (family means 248% vs. 380%): in-domain ranking did not predict cross-domain ranking. Leave-one-device-out revealed reproducible device-specific shift (held-out MRE 1.89–7.94 mm). Inter-observer variability was 0.53 mm, so cross-domain errors were 15–44× the human band. Balanced joint training reduced the cross-domain gap for all four architectures (both domains ≈ 2.1–3.5 mm) without harming in-domain accuracy. Pretraining more than halved cross-domain error from Aariz to ISBI (7.73 vs. 16.36 mm) but not in reverse, supporting the mechanism in one direction rather than uniformly. A-point, B-point, Nasion, and Menton all exceeded the 2 mm clinical threshold out-of-domain, including points localized to sub-millimeter accuracy in-domain. Conclusions: Single-dataset accuracy substantially overstates clinical generalizability, and the best in-domain architecture is not the most transferable, so in-domain leaderboards are an unreliable basis for selecting a model for clinical deployment; balanced multi-source training recovers most of the loss across the architectures tested.
Gender-specific cancer-related survival analysis of robotic versus laparoscopic low anterior resection for rectal adenocarcinoma: A multicenter study
(Wiley, 2026) Benlice, Çiğdem; Ramoğlu, Nur; Bilgin, İsmail Ahmet; Kaya, Ayşe Gülşah; Erkaya, Metincan; Kutlu, Burak; Kuzu, Mehmet Ayhan; Baca, Bilgi; Hamzaoğlu, İsmail; Karahasanoğlu, Tayfun
Aim: This study compared short‐ and long‐term outcomes of robotic and laparoscopic low anterior resection (LAR) for rectaladenocarcinoma using sex‐stratified analyses.Methods: Patients who underwent elective robotic or laparoscopic LAR for rectal cancer were included. Prospectively main-tained database of outcomes was analysed retrospectively. To minimise selection bias, groups were matched.Results: Of 409 identified patients, 380 met the eligibility criteria (mean age: 61 years, BMI: 26.2 kg/m2). In a matched cohort ofmales (n = 172) and females (n = 114), robotic surgery was associated with significantly shorter hospital stay (p < 0.01).Harvested lymph nodes, margins, morbidity and local recurrence were comparable in males (p > 0.05). Robotic surgery infemales was associated with fewer harvested lymph nodes (p = 0.01). Five‐year disease‐specific survival rates did not signifi-cantly differ between approaches in either gender.Conclusions: Robotics and laparoscopic LAR achieved similar oncologic outcomes. The findings should be interpreted as sex‐stratified comparisons rather than evidence of differential effect of surgical approach according to sex.
Clinical outcomes of robotic and laparoscopic ileal pouch–anal anastomosis in ulcerative colitis: A retrospective cohort from two tertiary referral centers
(SAGE Publications, 2026) Sahar, Ahmet Anıl; Benlice, Çiğdem; Çebi, Orkun Harun; Aghayeva, Afag; Hamzaoğlu, İsmail; Karahasanoğlu, Tayfun; Baca, Bilgi
Background: Robotic platforms may facilitate the technically demanding pelvic and multiquadrant components of ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA), but comparative evidence remains limited. Methods: We retrospectively compared 90-day outcomes after robotic (n = 36) and laparoscopic (n = 24) IPAA for ulcerative colitis performed by one surgical team at two tertiary referral centers between 2014 and 2025. The primary outcome was postoperative morbidity. Logistic regression adjusted for operative staging; an exploratory model additionally adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index. Results: Ninety-day morbidity occurred in 30.6% of robotic and 41.7% of laparoscopic patients (P = .377). Major morbidity, operative time, blood loss, length of stay, readmission, and reoperation did not differ significantly. The robotic approach was not associated with morbidity in the primary model (adjusted OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.20–1.80; P = .361). Conclusions: Robotic IPAA showed no evidence of increased short-term morbidity compared with laparoscopy in this single-team cohort.
Peroneus longus tendon autograft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: Current evidence, donor‐site complications and patient selection
(Wiley, 2026) Okutan, Ahmet Emin; Budhiparama, Nicolaas; Herbort, Mirco; Köse, Özkan; Petersen, Wolf; Wierer, Guido; Erden, Tunay; Herbst, Elmar; Tischer, Thomas; Kayaalp, Mahmut Enes
The search for the ideal autograft for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) remains a longstanding challenge in orthopaedic surgery, as each available graft possesses distinct advantages and inherent limitations. The peroneus longus tendon (PLT) has emerged as an alternative autograft, expanding graft options without further compromising the injured knee. Initially regarded with caution because of con cerns regarding its role in foot and ankle biomechanics, the PLT has evolved into an increasingly recognised alternative autograft option supported by a growing body of anatomical, biomechanical and clinical evi dence. The accumulating evidence suggests that the PLT provides reliable graft characteristics, while avail able comparative studies report broadly similar short to mid‐term clinical outcomes to established autografts and generally favourable donor‐site function. However, the predominantly retrospective and heterogeneous evidence base does not establish graft equivalence or noninferiority. Although important questions remain, particularly regarding sport‐specific ankle performance in high‐demand athletes, long‐term donor‐site conse quences and optimal harvest techniques, the available evidence supports consideration of the PLT as an additional autograft option for ACLR. Rather than es tablishing graft superiority, this editorial synthesises the current evidence, highlights the strengths and limita tions of the PLT, and provides a practical framework for individualised ACL graft selection.
Prognostic nutritional index versus cally, conut, and car for predicting restenosis after endovascular treatment of superficial femoral artery chronic total occlusion
(Elsevier, 2026) İskender, Hakan; Kılıç, Ömer Abdulbaki; Jabrayilzade, Jabrayil; Veyisoğlu, İbrahim; Toprak, Cüneyt; Çakmak, Ender Özgün
Background: Inflammation- and nutrition-based indices have been associated with adverse outcomes after peripheral endovascular interventions, but their comparative performance re mains unclear. We compared the associations and discriminatory performance of the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), C-reactive protein—albumin—lymphocyte (CALLY) index, controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score, and C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR) in relation to 6-month restenosis after endovascular treatment of superficial femoral artery chronic total occlu sion (SFA CTO). Methods: This retrospective cohort included 227 technically successful SFA CTO procedures performed between 2015 and 2021 with imaging-based 6-month restenosis assessment. The 4 indices were compared using receiver operating characteristic analysis and separate multivari able logistic regression models adjusted for clinical and lesion-related factors. Multiplicity correc tion and patient-cluster bootstrap internal validation were performed. Results: Restenosis occurred in 79 procedures (34.8%). PNI showed the highest discrimination (area under the curve [AUC] 0.728; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.662—0.794), compared with CONUT (0.625), CALLY (0.582), and CAR (0.568). After multivariable adjustment and multiplic ity correction, PNI (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.72 per 1-SD worsening; 95% CI 1.78—4.14) and CONUT (adjusted OR 1.61; 95% CI 1.17—2.22) remained independently associated with reste nosis, whereas CALLY and CAR did not. Adding PNI to the clinical base model increased the AUC from 0.670 to 0.782 and reduced the Brier score from 0.209 to 0.178. The improvement persisted after bootstrap validation (optimism-corrected AUC 0.740).
Solid lipid nanoparticles based dry powder inhalers for enhanced drug delivery against lung diseases
(Springer Nature Link, 2026) Önel, Çağla; Pirinçci Tok, Yağmur; Özsoy, Yıldız
The global incidence of lung diseases associated with high mortality and morbidity rates is projected to rise in the coming years. Conventional therapies face limitations such as low bioavailability and systemic side effects with oral administration, as well as poor patient compliance and frequent dosing with traditional inhalers. These shortcomings have created an urgent need for novel pulmonary drug delivery systems. In recent years, nanoparticulate drug carriers have gained significance for their potential to enable targeted lung delivery and reduced dosing frequency. Among them, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have attracted considerable attention due to their biocompatible and biodegradable structures, controlled release capabilities, organic solvent-free production processes and favorable aerodynamic behavior. This review provides a comprehensive per spective to guide the rational design of SLN-based dry powder inhaler (DPI) systems by integrating formulation strategies, production techniques, surface functionalization, and DPI development, with the goal of enhancing therapeutic outcomes in respiratory diseases such as cancer, infections, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cystic fibrosis.

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