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The effect of different granulation amounts of kollicoat MAE 30DP® on ODT CQAs using risk assessment
(Marmara University, 2026) Pirinçci Tok, Yağmur; Demiralp, Burcu; Al-Mohaya, Mazen; Özsoy, Yıldız
Orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) improve patient compliance, but they present challenges in terms of masking the bitter taste of active pharmaceutical ingredients such as dexketoprofen trometamol (DEX). The study aimed to develop palatable DEX ODTs by granulating drug with Kollicoat MAE 30DP® to create a physical barrier. Using a quality by design (QbD) approach, an initial risk assessment identified Prosolv® ODT G2, Emdex®, and Magnasweet® MM100 and tablet compression pressure as critical variables. A Box-Behnken design was employed to prepare 26 formulations, systematically evaluating the impact of these variables across low and high polymer concentrations. The results showed that although high concentrations of Kollicoat MAE 30DP initially delayed the dissolution rate, this barrier effect did not affect the final extent of drug release. Disintegration was predominantly governed by compression pressure, which altered tablet porosity, whereas PROSOLV® ODT G2 significantly influenced the overall dissolution profile. By optimizing the superdisintegrant-to-binder ratio, high-polymer formulations successfully overcame the initial retardation, consistently exceeding an 85% cumulative release at 30 minutes.
Therapeutic potential of alpha‑tocopherol in reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory damage after experimental traumatic brain injury and pentylenetetrazol‑induced seizures
(Springer Nature Link, 2026) Demirtaş, Cumaali; Yıldırım, Hava; Demir, Hüseyin; Kıroğlu, Sezin; Şevgin, Kübra; Beyaztaş, Hakan; Güler, Eray Metin; Hekimoğlu, Gulam; Aykın, Uğur; Coşkunpınar, Ender Mehmet; Yıldırım, Mehmet
The effects of alpha-tocopherol on seizure parameters, locomotor-cognitive functions, inflammatory response, oxidative stress response, histopathological changes, immunohistochemical parameters, and miRNA fold changes were investigated in rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizures. Sprague–Dawley male rats were randomly divided into three groups: Control (n = 8), TBI + PTZ (n = 10), and TBI + PTZ + tocopherol (n = 10). After inducing TBI in animals using the weight-drop method, increased post-injury seizure susceptibility was achieved by administering subconvulsive doses of PTZ. Saline was administered intraperitoneally to the control and TBI + PTZ groups for 6 days, while 500 mg/kg alpha-tocopherol was administered intraperitoneally to the TBI + PTZ + tocopherol group. Seizure intensity, sei zure frequency, and total seizure duration were significantly reduced in the TBI + PTZ + tocopherol group compared to the TBI + PTZ group (p < 0.05). No significant adverse effects related to TBI and PTZ were observed in the animals’ locomotor activity, anxiety-like behaviors, or learning and memory test outcomes. In the TBI + PTZ + tocopherol group, significant reductions were observed in inflammatory cytokine response, oxidative stress, and SUR1-TRPM4 channel activity compared to the TBI + PTZ group (p < 0.001). While degenerative and apoptotic neurons and the number of 8-OHdG-positive cells in the CA1 and dentate gyrus regions were limited in the TBI + PTZ + tocopherol group, downregulated miR-324-5p increased (p < 0.05). Alpha-tocopherol reduced the severity and duration of seizures, reduced oxidative stress and inflammation, and stabilized the thiol-disulfide balance. It also reduced degenerative cell structures and DNA damage in the cortex, hippocam pus, and dentate gyrus. In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that alpha-tocopherol is a potential neuroprotective agent that modulates early epileptogenic network instability in TBI and seizure susceptibility through multiple pathways, including oxidative stress, inflammation, and ion channel regulation.
A natural solvent-based gel electrolyte for stable and sustainable zinc-ion batteries
(Wiley, 2026) Kömürcüoğlu, Gökçe; Adhami, Sadaf; Yaman Uzunoğlu, Gülşah; Yüksel, Recep
Natural solvent-based electrolytes are increasingly sought for zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) as they provide a sustainable and cost-effective means to regulate water activity and electrode–electrolyte interfacial chemistry while retaining the intrinsic safety of aqueous systems. Herein, a sustainable electrolyte formulation utilizing a chia seed (CS)-based hydrogel is reported as an effective approach to improve the electrochemical stability of ZIBs. Owing to its high content of hydroxyl-rich polysaccharides and phenolic compounds, the chia seed-derived gel electrolyte (CSGE) tailors the Zn2+ solvation environment, decreases free-water activity, and restrains parasitic hydrogen evolution as well as dendritic zinc growth. Benefiting from this regulated solvation environment, the CSGE achieved a remarkably high Zn2+ transference number of 0.84. Consequently, Zn//Zn symmetric cells demonstrated outstanding electrochemical stability exceeding 4000 h at 1.0 mA cm−2 and 1.0 mAh cm−2. Moreover, Zn//V2O5 cells achieved a high discharge capacity of 337.8 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and maintained reliable rate performance between 0.2 and 10 A g−1. In addition, ex situ SEM and XRD analyses revealed homogeneous deposition of Zn with a preferred (002) orientation. These findings demonstrate that electrolytes derived from renewable resources provide a cost-effective route for stable and sustainable ZIBs.
Clarifications and response to the letter: QIPB vs ESPB
(Springer Nature Link, 2026) Turan, Engin İhsan; Özen, Volkan; Alver, Selçuk; Umutoğlu, Tarık; Çevik, Serdar; Çiftçi, Bahadır; Şahin, Ayça Sultan
We sincerely thank Dr. Butt and colleagues for their thoughtful comments [1] regarding our study comparing quadro-iliac plane block (QIPB) and erector spinae plane block (ESPB) for postoperative analgesia in single-level lumbar discectomy [2]. We appreciate the opportunity to clarify several points.
An NLP-driven framework for automated radiology–pathology concordance assessment in breast biopsy
(MDPI Publishing, 2026) Esmerer, Emel; Nazlı, Mehmet Ali; Uzun-Per, Meryem; Gümüş Değidiben, Melike; Söyleyici, Merve; Tahir, Eren; Bal, Mert
Background/Objectives: To develop and assess the feasibility of a natural language processing (NLP) framework for automated assessment of radiology-pathology concordance in breast biopsy using machine learning-based analysis of unstructured reports. Methods: This retrospective study included 766 paired radiology and pathology reports from ultrasound- or mammography-guided breast biopsies (August 2020-May 2024). Reports underwent translation, normalization, tokenization, lemmatization, and synonym expansion, followed by structured encoding of BI-RADS and pathology categories. Three models were trained: a Decision Tree, a LightGBM classifier, and a fine-tuned BioBERT model. Concordance labels were defined by multidisciplinary consensus. Performance metrics included accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F1-score, area under the curve (AUC), and Cohen's kappa. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis was used to identify influential features. Results: Among 766 cases, 707 (92.3%) were concordant and 59 (7.7%) were initially discordant. After excluding B3 lesions (n = 46), 13 true discordant cases remained (1.7%). Including B3 lesions increased clinically non-concordant or indeterminate cases from 1.7% to 7.7%, indicating that the apparent performance of the models is likely sensitive to case definition and dataset composition. BI-RADS 4a was the most common category (31.3%), and benign pathology (B2) accounted for 64.4% of biopsies. Within this dataset, LightGBM yielded the highest apparent AUC (0.999) (however, given the extremely small number of true discordant cases, this estimate is likely unstable and should be interpreted with caution), while BioBERT showed the strongest agreement with expert consensus (κ = 0.89). SHAP analysis identified clinically meaningful terms such as calcification, hypoechoic, ductal, and carcinoma as key contributors to model predictions. Given the very limited number of true discordant cases, these performance estimates are likely unstable and should be regarded as preliminary, requiring validation in larger, multi-center cohorts. Conclusions: This study presents a proof-of-concept NLP-based framework for radiology-pathology concordance assessment. The models showed promising performance in identifying potentially discordant cases; however, given the limited number of true discordant samples, these findings should be considered preliminary and require further validation in larger, multi-center datasets before clinical implementation.
LuminaConsent: AI-driven standardization and quality enhancement of urological informed consent documentation
(Kare Publishing, 2026) Topçu, İbrahim; Soylu, Tuncay; Şimşekoğlu, Muhammed Fatih; Tuzcu, Esra Melis; Salman, Zeynep; Demir, Perihan; Kaç, Beyzanur; Kartal, Muhammed Yusuf; Suzan, Serhat; Karaman, Muhammet İhsan
Objective: Informed consent is the cornerstone of modern medical ethics, but current documentation systems negatively impact patient autonomy and clinical quality due to deficiencies in readability, comprehensibility, and standardization. These is sues hinder patient participation and require innovative solutions. This study introduces the AI-powered LuminaConsent system to address standard deficiencies, comprehensibility issues, and efficiency constraints in urological informed consent documents. Methods: In a three-armed comparative study, LuminaConsent (artificial intelligence), Turkish Urological Surgery Asso ciation standard forms, and expert-developed documents were evaluated in 10 urological procedures. The system is based on the RAG architecture, which uses OpenAI’s GPT-4o-mini model and a special knowledge base consisting of 12 clinical publications. Three independent urology specialists conducted a blind evaluation using a 100-point scale across five areas: scientific content accuracy, patient communication effectiveness, quality of risk-benefit information, perioperative guidance, and legal-ethical compliance. RESULTS: LuminaConsent achieved higher performance with mean scores of 82.33 points (SD±4.2) versus 78.77 points (SD±6.1) for professional society standards and 57.43 points (SD±3.8) for specialist documentation, representing statisti cally significant improvements of 43.3% over specialist practices (p<0.001) and 4.5% over professional society standards (p<0.05). The system demonstrated consistent high-quality output across all procedures while generating comprehensive documentation within 96-180 seconds compared to traditional processes requiring multiple days. Conclusion: LuminaConsent offers a pioneering model for systematic AI integration in clinical practice with its evidence based content generation and bilingual processing capabilities. The findings support the potential to empower patient auton omy, reduce application variations, and improve ethical standards.
The effects of anthocyanin consumption on functional connectivity in dementia and type 2 diabetes mellitus
(Elsevier, 2026) Müdüroğlu Kırmızıbekmez, Aynur; Önder, Alparslan; Özdemir, Mustafa Yasir; Yüksel Eryiğit, Önder; Kara, İhsan
This study investigates the effects of 12 weeks of anthocyanin consumption on brain function in individuals with Dementia with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Dementia alone. Two groups of individuals: 12 participants with T2DM comorbid with dementia and 31 participants with dementia alone. EEG recordings were collected at baseline, before the start of the study, and after 12 weeks of anthocyanin consumption. During the study period, participants consumed 300 mg of anthocyanins daily. EEG recordings were conducted using a 21-channel gel EEG cap following the 10–20 system at a sampling rate of 500 Hz. EEG signals were divided into seven frequency bands, and the Imaginary Part of Coherence (iCOH) metric, which reduces volume conduction effects, was used to evaluate functional connectivity. Within-group analyses were performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and between-group comparisons were conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test, both implemented in Python. This study demonstrates that 12 weeks of anthocyanin supplementation positively impacts neural network ef ficiency and functional connectivity in both the Cognitive Impairment (CI) group and the Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Cognitive Impairments (T2DMwCI) group. Significant improvements were observed in iCOH, GE, and LE metrics across delta, theta, beta, and gamma frequency bands, indicating enhanced information pro cessing and potential compensatory mechanisms. These findings highlight the neuroprotective properties of anthocyanins, suggesting their potential to mitigate cognitive decline associated with T2DM and dementia. As a result, it supports the idea that anthocyanins are a potential dietary intervention for mitigating cognitive decline, though further research is needed to validate and expand these results.
Green-synthesized CuO/Cu2O-supported g-C3N4 p–n junction photocatalyst for photo(electro)catalytic hydrogen evolution
(Elsevier, 2026) Kaba, İbrahim; Kılıç, Behris; Bozkurt, Rabia Nur; Koca, Atıf
In this study, an environmentally friendly CuO/Cu2O nanoparticle (NPs) production method was developed using waste rosehip seed plant extracts as reducing and stabilizing agents. Automatic solvent extraction (ASE) with a green 60% (v/v) ethanol/water solvent combination produced polyphenol-rich solutions for biogenic nanoparticle production. Green CuO/Cu2O NPs were loaded onto n-type graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4, CN) at 5%, 10%, and 15% weight percentages to form p-n heterojunction photocatalysts (5CuO/Cu2O@CN, 10CuO/Cu2O@CN, and 15CuO/Cu2O@CN). Structural and morphological analyses and material characterizations performed using XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDS, TEM, XPS, UV–vis DRS, Zeta Sizer, and DLS confirmed the successful formation and homogeneous distribution of CuO/Cu2O on the CN surface. Optical and photoelectrochemical characterizations revealed that the formation of p–n type junction significantly increased visible light absorption and supported efficient charge carrier dissociation. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) measurements yielded consistent results for photocatalytic hydrogen (H2) evolution, with a consistent H2 evolution relationship; pure CN produced 125 μmol g− 1 h− 1 H2, while the 10CuO/Cu2O@CN sample produced 937 μmol g− 1 h− 1 H2, increasing performance by approximately 7.5-fold. Furthermore, this study aimed to contribute to a more environmentally friendly and sustainable approach by using lactic acid as a sacrificial material to facilitate hole consumption. In addition to photocatalytic activity, the antioxidant properties of the photocatalysts were evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) free radical scavenging method, and composition-dependent radical scavenging efficiencies were determined.
Comparative benchmarking of 2d lidar slam algorithms with ros 2 on raspberry pi 5
(IEEE, 2026) Şahin, Ulaş; Can, Göktürk; Altıok, Ezgi; Çavdar, İbrahim; Gözüaçık, Necip
Mobile robotics increasingly relies on SLAM for robust autonomous navigation. While many algorithms exist, systematic comparisons within the ROS 2 framework under real-world conditions remain limited. This study addresses this gap by benchmarking three widely used 2D LiDAR-based methods—GMapping, Hector SLAM, and Cartographer—on a wheeled mobile robot. Using both simulation and on-device experiments, we evaluate mapping accuracy, localization quality, and computational efficiency. Results show that Cartographer achieves the highest accuracy in structured environments, Hector SLAM demonstrates robustness without odometry, and GMapping performs reliably only in small-scale settings. These findings highlight trade-offs relevant to embedded deployment. The main contributions are: (i) a reproducible evaluation pipeline on ROS 2, (ii) quantitative analysis of accuracy versus resource usage on Raspberry Pi 5, and (iii) practical guidelines for algorithm selection in autonomous systems. This work advances the understanding of ROS 2-based SLAM and supports informed deployment in robotics applications.
Ibuprofen and nimesulide derivatives selectively induce apoptosis in HER2-positive breast cancer via inhibition of the PLA₂–COX-2–NF-κB pathway
(Springer Nature Link, 2026) Çakırlı, Egemen; Bedir, İpek; Biliz, Yağmur; Yılmaz, Özgür; Küçükgüzel, Şükriye Güniz; Telci, Dilek
Background Chronic inflammation contributes to breast cancer development through the phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂)–cyclo oxygenase-2 (COX-2)–nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) cascade, which regulates prostaglandin synthesis, oxidative stress, and transcription of pro-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic genes. This pathway is particularly active in HER2-positive breast can cer, promoting proliferation, invasion, and resistance to apoptosis. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen and nimesulide target COX enzymes and have shown potential in suppressing inflammation-driven tumorigenesis. In this study, we evaluated the anticancer and anti-inflammatory activity of newly synthesized, structurally modified ibuprofen and nimesulide derivatives designed to modulate PLA₂–COX-2–NF-κB axis. Methods and Results Cytotoxicity was assessed in HER2-positive breast cancer cells (AU565 and SKBR3) and compared with normal dermal fibroblasts (HDF) and breast epithelial cells (MCF-12A), using WST-1 assays. Apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, caspase-3/7 activation, and ROS generation were analyzed by imaging-based assays, flow cytometry, and fluo rescence methods. Gene expression of PLA2G2A and PTGS2 was quantified by qRT-PCR, and NF-κB translocation was analyzed by immunocytochemistry. Two ibuprofen triazole derivative (D1) and ibuprofen thioether derivative (D7) and one nimesulide derivative (D8) significantly reduced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner without affecting normal cells. These derivatives induced G₀/G₁ arrest, caspase-3/7 activation, ROS reduction, and increased late apoptosis. Downregula tion of PLA2G2A and PTGS2 expression and inhibition of NF-κB translocation confirmed disruption of the PLA₂–COX-2– NF-κB cascade. Conclusion These findings demonstrate that structurally optimized ibuprofen and nimesulide derivatives exert dual anti inflammatory and anticancer effects in HER2-positive breast cancer by suppressing PLA₂–COX-2–NF-κB pathway and promoting apoptotic cell death.
Impression precision after hydrogen peroxide sterilization of scanner sleeves
(Springer Nature Link, 2026) Yılmaz, Berza; Arslan, Meriç; Kayasaroğlu, Damla Nur; Arslan, Elif Dilara; Sunal Aktürk, Ezgi
Introduction The iTero Element (Align Technologies, San Jose, CA, USA) is a widely used intraoral scanning device, and its protective sleeves for the scanning head are provided for single use. This condition puts the clinical management budget under financial strain and creates a disadvantage for managing environmental waste. The objective of our research was to assess how repeated sterilization of disposable scan head covers with hydrogen peroxide affected the precision of digital impressions. Methods Intraoral scans were carried out using the iTero Element 5D scanner on 26 patients. Hydrogen peroxide was used to sterilize the sleeves for 45min at 45 °C. The sterilization procedure was repeated between the second, third, and fourth intraoral scans. Each tooth was given a score based on the color change between the first and fourth scans, which were superimposed using the iTero TimeLapse technology. The OrthoCAD® software (Align Technologies) was also used to measure the intercanine, interpremolar, and intermolar distances, as well as the mesiodistal dimensions of all the teeth between the first molars. Results No statistically significant difference was found between the mesiodistal dimensions of the teeth and the interca nine, interpremolar, and intermolar distances between the 1st and 4th scans. There was no correlation between the mean differences of the mesiodistal dimensions of the teeth obtained with the 1st and 4th scans and TimeLapse scores. Conclusion After sterilization with hydrogen peroxide, the repeatability of digital measurements of the protective sleeves of the intraoral scanner was not adversely affected, and their clinical performance was maintained.
An integrated machine learning and optimization approach for enhanced strength prediction in riveted joints
(Obuda University, 2026) Tanrıver, Kürşat; Ay, Mustafa
In this study, experimental tests, finite element analysis, and machine learning techniques were integrated to predict the maximum shear stress of riveted joints. First, ten tensile tests were conducted, yielding an average stress of 76.0383 MPa on the plates, and the regression analysis of the stress–strain data demonstrated a 95-99% level of agreement. A finite element analysis performed in Ansys under conditions similar to the experiments, produced a result of 78.875 MPa, which falls within an error margin consistent with the literature. Subsequently, a dataset of 20 samples containing various rivet diameters, plate thicknesses, hole coordinates and tensile loads was generated and used, to train a Regression Decision Tree model in MATLAB. For a new design case, the model predicted 7.480 MPa instead of 7.291 MPa, corresponding to an error of approximately 2.50%. When the dataset was expanded to 50 samples, this deviation decreased to 0.82%, indicating a significant improvement in accuracy. Overall, the results demonstrate that the machine learning model rapidly improves, as additional data become available and can provide reliable, fast predictions, including the effects of bending moments, offering a promising approach that may reduce the need for extensive experimental and numerical analyses.
Ketamine induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation in HT-29 colorectal cancer cells
(MDPI Publishing, 2026) Korkmaz, Irmak Fatoş; Elgün, Tuğba; Aktaş, Çiğdem; Gündeğer, Ersin; Gök Yurttaş, Asiye
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide and remains a major health concern due to its high recurrence and mortality rates. Recent studies suggest that anesthetic agents, including ketamine, may have direct effects on cancer cell viability and apoptosis. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the in vitro effects of ketamine on the HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line, focusing on its cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic potential. Material and Methods: HT-29 cells were treated with ketamine for 24 h. Cell viability was evaluated using the MTT assay. Apoptosis rates were determined by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/7-AAD staining. Furthermore, quantitative PCR (qPCR) was performed to assess the expression levels of key genes associated with proliferation and apoptosis. GeneQuery™ Human Basal Cell Carcinoma qPCR Array Kit (GQH-BCC-GK015-C) was used for qPCR analysıs. Molecular docking simulations were performed to investigate the potential molecular interactions between ketamine and three target proteins: the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and casein kinase 1 delta (CSNK1D). To ensure robustness of predictions, two independent docking methods were employed. Results: Ketamine significantly reduced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC50 value of approximately 1.05 µM. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated a marked increase in early apoptosis (23.9%) in treated cells. These findings suggest that ketamine exhibits potential anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects on HT-29 colorectal cancer cells. Conclusions: These findings suggest that ketamine exhibits potential anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects on HT-29 colorectal cancer cells in vitro. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms and potential clinical implications.
Sustainable synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles from melon (cucumis melo l.) by-products: RSM optimization, structural characterization, antioxidant activity, and photocatalytic performance
(Wiley, 2026) Bozkurt, Rabia Nur; Kaba, İbrahim; Kahraman, Yusuf Sezai; Altınkeser, Tuğçe
This study explores the eco-friendly synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) using polyphenol-rich extracts from melon (Cucumis melo L.) peel and seeds as naturalreducing and stabilizing agents. Optimization via response surface methodology (RSM) determined the ideal synthesis conditions at a 0.078 mol/L metal concentration, 14.73 mL extract, and pH 10.77. Characterization through XRD confirmed a hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure with an average size of 21.7 nm, while SEM and TEM imaging revealed predominantly spherical morphologies. UV–visible DRS analysis showed a 368 nm absorption edge with a calculated band gap of 3.21 eV. DLS measurements indicated a hydrodynamic diameter of 135.6 nm with a PDI of 0.206 and a zeta potential of −20.5 mV, confirming good colloidal stability. The resulting NPs exhibited strong antioxidant activity (IC50 = 40.7 µg/mL) and acted as effective heterogeneous photocatalysts for the degradation of organic dyes. Specifically, ZnO-NPs enabled the photodegradation of methyl orange (MO) and methylene blue (MB), achieving 63.56% degradation for 5 mg L−1 MO. These findings demonstrate that melon-waste-derived ZnO-NPs are sustainable and promising candidates for wastewater treatment and environmental remediation.
Sun-macerated hypericum perforatum oleates in fixed oils: Analytical characterization and comparative wound-healing activity
(The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TÜBİTAK), 2026) Çapar, Cihan; Küpeli, Esra; Yaba, Aylin; Parmaksız, Ayhan; Sümer, Engin; Yeşilada, Erdem
Background/aim: Hypericum perforatum L. oleates prepared in fixed oils have long been used for wound management due to their antiinflammatory, antibacterial, and tissue-regenerative properties. The bioactivity of these oleates is mainly attributed to hypericin, hyperforin, and pseudohypericin. In the present study, the wound-healing potential of H. perforatum oleates prepared in different fixed oils, including Olea europaea L. (olive), Sesamum indicum L. (sesame), Helianthus annuus L. (sunflower), and Nigella sativa L. (black seed), is compared. Materials and methods: Fixed oils were characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, while oleuropein (olive oil) and thymoquinone (black seed oil) were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography, and sesamin and sesamol (sesame oil) by spectrophotometry. Oleates were prepared using the traditional sun maceration method. Hypericin, hyperforin, and pseudohypericin were quantified by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and ultraviolet spectrophotometry. In vitro and in vivo assays were performed to assess the wound-healing activities of both the fixed oils and their respective oleates. Results: All oleates exhibited significantly greater wound-healing activity than the corresponding fixed oils. The most pronounced synergistic effects were observed with the olive oil and sesame oil oleates. Conclusion: Maceration of H. perforatum in fixed oils enhances the intrinsic therapeutic properties of oils and contributes to improvements in multiple wound-healing parameters. The findings of the present study support the traditional use of H. perforatum oleates and provide a scientific basis for their pharmacological development.
Preliminary effects of MBCT on coping, self-compassion, and empowerment in early-stage breast cancer
(Selcuk University Press, 2026) Savaş, Esra
Aim: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of a Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) program on coping attitudes, self-compassion, and cancer-related empowerment among women diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Eighty women with stage 0–II breast cancer were assigned to either an intervention group (n = 40) or a control group (n = 40). The intervention group completed an eight-week group-based MBCT program, while the control group received a single three-hour informational seminar after the completion of the intervention group program. All participants completed the Coping Attitudes Scale, the Self-Compassion Scale–Short Form, and the Cancer Empowerment Scale from pre-to-post. Due to violations of normality assumptions, data were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Mann–Whitney U tests. False discovery rate correction was applied to control for multiple comparisons. Results: Significant improvements were observed in coping attitudes, self-compassion, and empowerment levels within the intervention group (p < .05). Notably, the increase in self-compassion may be attributed to the gender- and culturally sensitive structure of the intervention delivered in the Turkish context. Compared with the control group, the intervention group showed sizable pre to post gains (CAS: 83.9→115.4; SCS SF: 19.9→39.8; CES: 154.4→160.8), while controls showed minimal change or decline (CAS: 84.3→80.9; SCS SF: 24.0→25.2; CES: 151.0→140.2); group differences favored MBCT at post test (FDR adjusted p’s ≤ .005). Conclusion: These findings suggest that mindfulness-based group interventions may serve as an effective psychosocial approach for supporting psychological well-being in female cancer patients. In addition to reducing psychological symptoms, the MBCT program enhanced coping flexibility and internal empowerment. These preliminary findings warrant consideration of culturally sensitive MBIs within oncology services; however, time matched randomized trials are required before making firm recommendations.
Traumatic fibroma of the gingiva in a child: 4-year follow-up
(Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry, 2025) Taşdemir, Tülin; Erbaş Ünverdi, Gizem; Çehreli, Zafer Cavit
This case report presents a 3-year-old boy referred to the Department of Pediatric Dentistry with a hyperplastic soft tissue lesion in the maxillary anterior region, present for six months. The lesion began as small and gradually enlarged without pain or bleeding, as reported by the parents. The lesion was treated with surgical excision under local anesthesia. Histopathological analysis confirmed a diagnosis of traumatic fibroma, a benign reactive lesion often associated with chronic irritation. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, but recurrence was observed at one year, presenting as small punctate lesions. Over a subsequent four-year follow-up, no further growth was noted. This case highlights the importance of accurate diagnosis and long-term monitoring of reactive oral lesions in pediatric patients, given their potential for recurrence.
Protective roles of gallic acid and lycopene against 4-nonylphenol induced testicular damage in SD rats
(SAGE Publications, 2026) Güleş, Özay; Kum, Şadiye; Naseer, Zahid; Boyacıoğlu, Murat; Özel Armutoğlu, Emine; Yıldız, Mustafa; Kırıkkulak, Murat; Doğan, Göksel; Bilici, Esra; Türkmen, Aybike; Tuna, Bilginer; Eren, Ülker
4-Nonylphenol (4-NP), an endocrine disruptor, is known to induce mutagenic, toxic, or carcinogenic effects, including testicular toxicity via inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis. The objective of this work was to determine the capacity of lycopene (LC) and gallic acid (GA) to protect testicular histological structure, biochemical responses, and semen parameters in rats exposed to 4-NP. In this 28-day dietary trial, six groups (n= 6 per group) received treatment via oral gavage: a control (corn oil, 2 mL/kg/day), LC (10 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day), GA (50 mg/kg BW/day), 4-NP (125 mg/kg BW/day), LC + 4-NP (LC followed by 4-NP), and GA + 4-NP (GA followed by 4-NP) groups. The results indicated that 4-NP administration adversely affects the final body weight, testicular histology, seminiferous epithelium heights (SEHs) (4-NP: 57.95 ± 0.49, p: 0.000), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level, testis antioxidant capacity, testis malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and sperm viability and morphology. LC and GA supplementation significantly improved SEHs, activities of testis superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH), and sperm viability compared to the 4-NP group. Moreover, LC and GA exposures decreased histopathological lesions, including germinal epithelial degeneration, vacuolization, immature germ cells in the tubular lumen, and congestion in the interstitial area. Furthermore, they lowered TUNEL-positive cell counts and tubule percentages, testicular MDA levels, and abnormal sperm percentages. To our knowledge, this study provides one of the first systematic comparisons of lycopene and gallic acid in protecting against 4-NP-induced testicular toxicity under identical experimental conditions. The findings suggest that both compounds preserve testicular structure and function through their antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties.
Efficacy-oriented approach for medium-sized follicles: A perspective on stimulation, expectation, and triggering strategy in IVF cycles
(Wiley, 2026) Aydın, Gerçek; Ergin, Elif; Araç, Merve; Bülbül, Mehmet; Çalışkan, Eray; Hatırnaz, Şafak; Dahan, Michael; Malvasi, Antonio; Tinelli, Andrea
Objective: To assess the therapeutic significance of routinely aspirating mid-sized fol licles (14.0–16.9 mm) during oocyte pick-up (OPU) by looking at procedural efficiency and embryo usage in cycles with varied follicular cohorts. Methods: In vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles with follicles classified as large (≥17 mm) or mid-sized (14.0–16.9 mm) at the time of OPU were included in this prospective cohort. Each group's oocytes were extracted and treated independently while main taining rigorous traceability. Analysis was performed on embryologic results, opera tive time factors, and embryo transfer utilization across successive transfer attempts. Pregnancy outcomes and the length of the operation were investigated. Laboratory results pertaining to trigger strategies were assessed descriptively. Results: When measured per mature oocyte, oocytes from mid-sized follicles showed comparable fertilization and blastocyst development rates. However, only a small percentage of embryo transfers included embryos from mid-sized follicles, especially in the initial two transfer attempts. Large follicles had a longer total OPU duration, and cycles that resulted in miscarriage had significantly longer operative times among large-follicle-derived embryo transfers. For mid-sized follicles, there were no differ ences in the length of the procedure based on the pregnancy outcome. Conclusion: The contribution of mid-sized follicle-derived oocytes to embryo trans fer selection seems to be restricted in everyday practice, despite their reassuring laboratory competence. Procedural efficiency is a potentially significant factor in customized IVF care, as evidenced by the correlation between longer operating times and worse clinical outcomes. In certain clinical situations, a focused stimula tion and aspiration approach might be suitable without obviously jeopardizing cu mulative results.
A dual-drug nanocarrier strategy for ocular fungal infections: Micelles embedded in electrospun nanofibers
(MDPI Publishing, 2026) Uzel, Egemen; Durgun, Meltem Ezgi; Aydilek, Neriman; Hacıoğlu, Mayram; Güngör, Sevgi; Özsoy, Yıldız
Ocular fungal diseases are associated with severe infection and pain and, in advanced stages, can lead to vision loss. Current treatment options are limited to the topical ap plication of conventional drugs, and the bioavailability of these drugs is quite limited due to ocular barriers. In this study, a dual-drug nanodelivery system was developed to improve intraocular drug delivery by combining antifungal and anti-inflammatory therapies. Posaconazole (PSC), a broad-spectrum triazole antifungal agent, and dexke toprofen trometamol (DKP), a rapidly acting nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, were co-loaded onto polymeric micelles and then incorporated into electrospun poly(vinyl alco hol)/poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVA/PVP) nanofiber intraocular implants. DSC, XRD, FTIR, and FESEM analyses showed that both APIs were successfully converted into nanofiber form without disrupting the micelle structure. Comparative studies with DKP solution and PSC commercial oral suspension (Noxafil® 40 mg/mL) showed that the produced micelle loaded nanofibers provided sustained release and significantly increased ex vivo ocular permeation and penetration. In vitro antifungal activity tests demonstrated efficacy against Candida albicans, and HET-CAM toxicity tests showed that the micelle-loaded nanofibers were non-irritating and suitable for ocular application. Overall, the micelle-loaded electro spun nanofiber ocular inserts developed in this study represent a promising platform for combined antifungal and anti-inflammatory ocular therapy.

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