Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13055/8

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Energy, exergy, exergoenvironmental, and exergoenviroeconomic assessment of a two stroke UAV small engine using JP5 aviation fuel and hydroxy (HHO) gas
(Elsevier, 2024) Özer, Salih; Tunçer, Erdal; Demir, Üsame; Gülcan, Halil Erdi; Çelebi, Samet
Hydroxy gas (HHO) is a gas produced by the electrolysis of water, which involves breaking down water molecules (H2O) into hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) gases. When the electricity used for electrolysis comes from renewable energy sources, the resulting hydrogen can be classified as 'green hydrogen.' Therefore, by using renewable green energy sources to produce HHO gas, its application in internal combustion engines can promote clean combustion and enhance sustainability. This study explores the enhancement of performance and emission characteristics in a two-stroke Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) engine using Hydroxy gas (HHO), a green energy source produced via water electrolysis. The primary objective is to improve engine efficiency and reduce environmental impacts by employing HHO in dual-fuel mode with JP5 aviation fuel. Addressing a clear research gap in the literature, this study is the first to evaluate the energy, exergy, exergoenvironmental, and exergoeconomic aspects of a two-stroke, air-cooled UAV engine using the JP5+HHO fuel blend. Experiments were conducted at five shaft speeds (3250, 3750, 4500, 5250, 6250 rpm) and four HHO flow rates (1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 4.0 lpm). The results demonstrate that incorporating HHO gas leads to a significant improvement in engine performance, with a 10% average reduction in Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) and a 10% increase in exergy efficiency. Additionally, the JP5+HHO 4 lpm mixture reduces exergy destruction by approximately 10% and increases heat transfer exergy by 3–10%. On the environmental front, while HHO slightly increases CO2 emissions, the exergoenvironmental impact rises by a manageable 4%. Importantly, the high HHO flow rate (4 lpm) achieves a 2% average reduction in both exergoenvironmental and exergoeconomic impacts. These findings underscore the potential of HHO as a sustainable fuel source, offering both performance gains and reduced environmental and economic costs.
Komplike olmayan üriner sistem enfeksiyonlarında lokal antibiyotik direncinin çok merkezli taranması: 37 merkezden 1850 hasta
(Ankara Microbiology Society, 2024) Cinislioğlu, Ahmet Emre; Cinislioğlu, Nazan; Öztürk, Metin İshak; Akkaş, Fatih; Aksakallı, Tugay; Atilla, Mustafa Kemal; Atiş, Gökhan; Aydın, Hasan Rıza; Balcı, Uğur; Bayrak, Ömer; Bedir, Selahattin; Biçer, Hüseyin; Çevik, Gökhan; Çift, Ali; Çiftçi, Halil; Coşkun, Burhan; Demirdöğen, Şaban Oğuz; Demirkol, Mehmet Kutlu; Dinçer, Murat; Doğan, Ahmet Emin; Dursun, Murat; Erdemir, Fikret; Erkan, Anıl; Eryıldırım, Bilal; Görür, Sadık; Hızlı, Fatih; Kadıhasanoğlu, Mustafa; Kalkan, Senad; Karabulut, İbrahim; Keskin, Mehmet Zeynel; Kızılay, Fuat; Köse, Osman; Küçük, Eyüp Veli; Odabaş, Öner; Oksay, Taylan; Özbey, Isa; Şefik, Ertuğrul; Sönmez, Mehmet Giray; Tek, Mesut; Tuğlu, Devrim; Tuncay, Ömer Levent; Usta, Mustafa Faruk; Yılmaz, Sercan; Kadıoğlu, Ateş
Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin yedi farklı coğrafi bölgesinde komplike olmayan üriner sistem enfeksiyonu tanısı olan hastalardan elde edilen ayaktan üriner izolatlara göre en sık izlenen patojenleri tespit etmek ve bu patojenlere karşı kullanılan antibiyotiklerin direnç oranlarının coğrafi bölgelere göre anlamlı farklılık gösterip göstermediğini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Mart 2021 ile Ağustos 2022 arasında, Türkiye genelindeki 37 farklı merkezde yapılan tetkikler sonucunda komplike olmayan üriner sistem enfeksiyonu tanısı koyulan ve pozitif idrar kültürleri olan 18 ile 65 yaş arası hastalar çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan merkezler, idrar kültürlerinin verilerinin standardizasyonunu sağlamak için mikrobiyoloji laboratuvarlarında Avrupa Antimikrobiyal Duyarlılık Test Komitesi tarafından disk difüzyon yöntemini kullanan merkezlerden seçilmiştir. Bu çalışmaya, dahil edilme kriterlerine uyan toplam 1850 hasta dahil edilmiştir. Escherichia coli izolatlarının antibiyotik direnç oranlarının dağılımının analizi, ampisilin, fosfomisin ve nitrofurantoin dirençlerinde coğrafi bölgelere göre istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı farklılıkların olduğunu saptamıştır (sırasıyla p< 0.05, p< 0.05, p< 0.05). Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi fosfomisin ve trimetoprimsülfametoksazol direncinin en yüksek olduğu bölge olarak tespit edilmiştir (sırasıyla; %27.4 ve %35.3). Bunun yanı sıra nitrofurantoin direncinin en yüksek olduğu bölge %35.7 oranıyla Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi ve siprofloksasin direncinin en yüksek olduğu bölge %51 oranıyla İç Anadolu Bölgesi olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma, komplike olmayan üriner sistem enfeksiyonlarının tedavisinde kullanılan antibiyotiklere direncin coğrafi bölgelere göre farklılık gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Bu kapsamlı, ulusal prospektif araştırmanın, komplike olmayan üriner sistem enfeksiyonu için ampirik tedavi planlayan klinisyenlere değerli öngörüler sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Perceived social support and depression, anxiety andstress in pregnant women diagnosed with foetal anomaly
(John Wiley & Sons, 2024) Mecdi Kaydırak, Meltem; Balkan, Elif; Bacak, Nilgül; Kızoğlu, Filiz
Aim: To examine the relationship between perceived social support level and depression, anxiety and stress in pregnant women diagnosed with foetal anomaly. Design/Methods: This descriptive and correlational study was conducted in an advanced prenatal evaluation unit of a university hospital between December 2021 and May 2022. The study data collected from 131 pregnant women through a personal information form, depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS-42) and multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS). Results: Most of the pregnant women were in the second trimester of pregnancy, and more than half had been advised by a healthcare professional to terminate their pregnancy. Overall, the pregnant women reported moderate levels of social support, while their depression, anxiety and stress levels varied. There was a weak negative correlation between perceived social support from family, friends and multidimensional sources with stress, but the effect rate was low. Conclusion: Most pregnant women diagnosed with foetal anomaly have normal levels of depression, stress and anxiety. There is a weak negative correlation between perceived social support and stress, with family and friend support affecting stress levels at a low rate. Professional support should be provided, and both the woman's mental health and social support mechanisms must be evaluated. Impact: This study highlights the importance of social support in managing stress among pregnant women with foetal anomalies. While most women had normal levels of depression, anxiety and stress, increased social support from family and friends was shown to reduce stress. The findings underscore the need for healthcare professionals to assess and strengthen mental health and social support systems in this vulnerable population, informing interventions to improve psychosocial outcomes. Reporting Method: This descriptive and correlational study adhered to the CONSORT guidelines for reporting non-randomised trials. Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public contribution.
Characterizing the amniotic fluid-derived stem cells and optimizing the passage number for targeted applications
(Faculty Of Veterinary Science, University Of Agriculture, 2024) Dikmen, Tayfun; Erdoǧan, Metin; Altunbaş, Korhan
Mesenchymal stem cells are considered potent sources that can be used for tissue regeneration and treatment of various diseases and syndromes. Among the mesenchymal stem cells, amniotic fluid-derived stem cells come forward as they possess some pluripotent properties and there are no serious ethical concerns upon their derivation. Therefore, gaining a better understanding of the nature of amniotic fluid stem cells is important. Although it is known that stem cells show slightly different characteristics between passages, scientists often consider only cell numbers and the proliferation pattern of the cells when deciding the passage to use in their studies. In this study, it was aimed to characterize rat amniotic fluid-derived stem cells for their mesenchymal and pluripotent features and make inter-passage comparisons by real-time qPCR to reveal their distinctions between different passages, and eventually help decide the appropriate passage numbers to be used in future research. The outcomes of the study showed that using rat amniotic fluid-derived stem cells at P5 could be beneficial for mesodermal differentiation studies and using them in earlier passages may be more favorable for the studies requiring better ectodermal differentiation properties.
Effect of obesity and NAFLD on leukocyte telomere length and hTERT gene MNS16A VNTR variant
(Springer Nature, 2024) Kandemir, İbrahim; Yetim Şahin, Aylin; Oyacı, Yasemin; Khudiyeva, Shahri; Şahin, Memduh; Aksakal, Melike Tuğrul; Pehlivan, Mustafa; Baş, Firdevs; Pehlivan, Sacide
It is known that telomere length (TL) (evaluated with T/S ratio) is shortened in the presence of obesity. In this study, we aimed to investigate how obesity in adolescents and non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD) within the obese group affect TL and the clinical significance of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene MNS16A VNTR variant in terms of NAFLD. Adolescents with exogenous obesity and healthy controls (aged 10-19 years) who applied to our adolescent outpatient clinic between May-October 2023 were included in this study. We performed upper abdominal ultrasonography to investigate the presence of NAFLD in adolescents with obesity and divided into two groups: those without hepatosteatosis (obese NAFLD (-)) and those with hepatosteatosis (obese NAFLD (+)). We recorded body weight, height, waist circumference, and blood pressure measurements and measured the T/S ratio (telomere sequence copy number/gene single copy number) by the Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction method. The groups were compared using frequentist and Bayesian methods. Eighty-three obese adolescents [63 NAFLD(+) 20 NAFLD(-)] and 69 lean controls were included in the study. Pairwise comparisons revealed that T/S ratio was significantly lower in the obese NAFLD (-) group than the obese NAFLD (+) and the control group (p = 0.025, p = 0.007, respectively). T/S ratio was lower in the LL allele group than in the other alleles (p = 0.022) and slightly higher in the obese group with metabolic syndrome compared to the obese group without metabolic syndrome (p = 0.072). hTERT-MNS16A-VNTR gene variant LL allele had a negative correlation with T/S ratio among the obese adolescent group. Patients with LL alleles had higher ALT, GGT, HOMA-IR, and ALT/AST. Diastolic blood pressure had a significant correlation with the T/S ratio. The T/S ratio was shorter in the obese adolescent group compared to healthy ones but was higher in the NAFLD (+) obese compared to the NAFLD (-) obese. ALT level and ALT/AST ratio were higher, T/S ratio was lower in the hTERT MNS16A VNTR variant LL allele group among obese adolescents. In addition, there was a significant correlation between the T/S ratio and diastolic blood pressure in obese adolescents.
MelanoTech: Development of a mobile application infrastructure for melanoma cancer diagnosis based on artificial intelligence technologies
(IEEE, 2024) Tokatlı, Nazlı; Bilmez, Yakuphan; Göztepeli, Gürkan; Güler, Muhammed; Karan, Furkan; Altun, Halis
This preliminary work introduces MelanoTech, a mHealth application designed and implemented to offer a user-friendly and intuitive interface for the early diagnosis of melanoma, a kind of skin cancer with significant fatality rates [1]. The application demonstrates promising performance in segmentation and classification tasks by utilizing deep learning models with Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) for data augmentation. MelanoTech achieves a comprehensive accuracy rate of 92%, with a segmentation model accuracy rate of 93% and a lesion detection accuracy rate of 90%. Finally, incorporating data augmentation approaches based on GANs resulted in a 5% enhancement in the model’s performance. These findings highlight the capacity of MelanoTech as a dependable tool for improving the early diagnosis of melanoma and decreasing the workload of physicians in Turkish public hospitals.
The therapeutic effects of bioactive compounds on colorectal cancer via PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway: A critical review
(Wiley, 2024) Demir, Kübra; Turgut, Rana; Şentürk, Selcen; Işıklar, Handan; Günalan, Elif
Understanding the molecular signaling pathways of colorectal cancer (CRC) can be accepted as the first step in treatment strategy. Permanent mTOR signaling activation stimulates the CRC process via various biological processes. It supplies the survival of CRC stem cells, tumorigenesis, morbidity, and decreased response to drugs in CRC pathogenesis. Therefore, inhibition of the mTOR signaling by numerous bioactive components may be effective against CRC. The study aims to discuss the therapeutic capacity of various polyphenols, terpenoids, and alkaloids on CRC via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. The potential molecular effects of bioactive compounds on the mTOR pathway's upstream and downstream targets are examined. Each bioactive component causes various physiological processes, such as triggering free radical production, disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of CRC stem cell migration, and suppression of glycolysis through mTOR signaling inhibition. As a result, carcinogenesis is inhibited by inducing apoptosis and autophagy. However, it should be noted that studies are primarily in vitro dose-dependent treatment researchers. This study raises awareness about the role of phenolic compounds in treating CRC, contributing to their future use as anticancer agents. These bioactive compounds have the potential to be developed into food supplementation to prevent and treat various cancer types including CRC. This review has the potential to lead to further development of clinical studies. In the future, mTOR inhibition by applying several bioactive agents using advanced drug delivery systems may contribute to CRC treatment with 3D cell culture and in vivo clinical studies.
Modifying the refuse chute design to prevent infection spread: Engineering analysis and optimization
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024) Tanrıver, Kürşat; Ay, Mustafa
Considering the presence of airborne viruses, there is a need for renovation in refuse chutes, regarded as the first step in recycling household waste in buildings. This study aimed to revise the design of existing refuse chutes in light of the challenging experiences in waste management and public health during the coronavirus pandemic. This research primarily focused on the risks posed by various types of coronaviruses, such as the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) and acute respiratory syndrome (SARS and SARS-CoV), on stainless steel surfaces, with evidence of their survival under certain conditions. Refuse chutes are manufactured from stainless steel to resist the corrosive effects of waste. In examining the existing studies, it was observed that Casanova et al. and Chowdhury et al. found that the survival time of coronaviruses on stainless steel surfaces decreases as the temperature increases. Based on these studies, mechanical revisions have been made to the sanitation system of the refuse chute, thus increasing the washing water temperature. Additionally, through mechanical improvements, an automatic solution spray entry is provided before the intake doors are opened. Furthermore, to understand airflow and clarify flow parameters related to airborne infection transmission on residential floors in buildings equipped with refuse chutes, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was conducted using a sample three-story refuse chute system. Based on the simulation results, a fan motor was integrated into the system to prevent pathogens from affecting users on other floors through airflow. Thus, airborne pathogens were periodically expelled into the atmosphere via a fan shortly before the intake doors were opened, supported by a PLC unit. Additionally, the intake doors were electronically interlocked, ensuring that all other intake doors remained locked while any single door was in use, thereby ensuring user safety. In a sample refuse chute, numerical calculations were performed to evaluate parameters such as the static suitability of the chute body thickness, static compliance of the chute support dimensions, chute diameter, chute thickness, fan airflow rate, ventilation duct diameter, minimum rock wool thickness for human contact safety, and the required number of spare containers. Additionally, a MATLAB code was developed to facilitate these numerical calculations, with values optimized using the Fmincon function. This allowed for the easy calculation of outputs for the new refuse chute systems and enabled the conversion of existing systems, evaluating compatibility with the new design for cost-effective upgrades. This refuse chute design aims to serve as a resource for readers in case of infection risks and contribute to the literature. The new refuse chute design supports the global circular economy (CE) model by enabling waste disinfection under pandemic conditions and ensuring cleaner source separation and collection for recycling. Due to its adaptability to different pandemic conditions including pathogens beyond coronavirus and potential new virus strains, the designed system is intended to contribute to the global health framework. In addition to the health measures described, this study calls for future research on how evolving global health conditions might impact refuse chute design.
The course of the phrenic nerve in the neck region and its relationship with adjacent anatomical structures in the thoracic inlet
(Springer, 2024) Yıldız, Nilay; Nteli Chatzioglou, Gkionoul; Coşkun, Osman; Kale, Ayşin; Gayretli, Özcan
Pupose: This study aims to reveal the relationship of the phrenic nerve (PhN) with its neighboring structures in the lower neck region more comprehensively than previous studies and to minimize nerve damage by enabling invasive procedures in this region to be performed with high accuracy. Methods: Forty-one heminecks were evaluated. The relationship between the PhN and the anterior scalene muscle (ASM), internal thoracic artery (ITA), branches of subclavian artery (SA) and subclavian vein (SV) was examined. Results: It was observed that the PhN was located medial to the ASM in all cases. The distances were higher in male cadavers. The PhN was found to enter the thorax lateral to the ITA in 15/41 and medial to it in 25/41 sides. In 17/41 cases, the closest SA branch to the PhN was the thyrocervical trunk (TT) and in 24 cases the ITA. The PhN was located behind the SV in 38 cases and in front of it in 2 cases.The accessory PhN was found in 4/41 sides. There was no significant difference in morphometric findings between genders (p > 0.05). However, significant differences were observed between the parameters (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The anatomy and variations of the PhN are of great importance in surgical interventions and invasive procedures in the neck region. The study provides important information to reduce the risk of damage to the PhN in surgical procedures. In addition, knowledge of the anatomical variations of the nerve may contribute to more successful results in nerve grafting and other surgical applications.
Overcoming barriers to cervical cancer prevention inAfghanistan: The imperative for an HPV vaccination andscreening program
(Wiley, 2024) Sadat, Rowaida; Saçıntı, Koray Görkem; Topçu, Elif Göknur; Saeed, Saeeda
The critical situation of cervical cancer screening and human papillo-mavirus (HPV) vaccination in Afghanistan demands urgent attention,especially in view of the ongoing political unrest and humanitarianchallenges faced by the country. Recent data underscore the urgentneed for immediate action to address this pressing issue.
Synthesis of new piperazine‐oxadiazole derivatives and investigation of their anticancer activities
(Elsevier, 2025) Uslu, Harun; Göktaş, Bünyamin; Osmaniye, Derya; Levent, Serkan; Peçe Göktaş, Sare; Sağlık Özkan, Begüm Nurpelin; Özkay, Yusuf; Benkli, Kadriye
Since cancer is one of the leading causes of human death, recent research has largely focused on developing multi-target drug designs. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of piperazine-oxadiazole derivatives as aromatase inhibitors for the treatment of cancer. Their structures were confirmed by 1 C NMR, HRMS and FTIR spectroscopic methods. Cytotoxicity (MTT) was performed to determine the anticancer activity of the compounds as aromatase inhibitors against breast (MCF7), fibroblast (NIH3T3) and lung (A549) cell lines. Letrazol was used as the reference agent, compound 4b exhibited a significant effect among other derivatives with a value of IC H NMR, 50 =2.103±0.088 μ 13 Magainst the MCF7 cell line. Docking study showed that 4b was one of the compounds with the best pose on the aromatase. The docking study showed that 4e was one of the compounds that gave the best pose on EGFR and topoisomerase. When the aromatase, EGFR and topoisomerase docking results were compared, it was concluded that our synthesized compounds may be more effective on the Aromatase macromolecule. From the obtained evaluations of the designed batches, compound 4b appeared to be a promising agent as an aromatase inhibitor for further research and evaluation studies in the future.
A deep feature driven expert system to estimate the postmortem interval from corneal opacity development
(Wiley, 2024) Cantürk, İsmail; Özyılmaz, Lale
Postmortem interval (PMI) estimation remains an unresolved challenge in forensic science, necessitating practical, reliable andmore accurate tools. This study aimed to develop a quantitative PMI estimation tool that effectively meets these needs. Focusingon the postmortem opacity development of the eye as a key marker for determining time since death, we propose an artificialintelligence-based clinical PMI prediction system utilising computer vision, deep learning and machine learning methods. TheAlexNet algorithm was utilised to extract deep features from the postmortem eye images. Extracted features were then processedby machine learning algorithms. For feature selection, Lasso and Relief techniques were employed, while SVM and KNN wereapplied for classifications. The results were validated using the leave- one-subject-out method. The system was tested across dif-ferent postmortem ranges, providing multi-label predictions. The performance was evaluated using various metrics. The deepfeatures exhibited effective performance in grading postmortem opacity development, achieving state-of-the-art results. Theaccuracy scores were 0.96 and 0.97 for 3-h intervals (i.e., 5-class) and 5-h intervals (i.e., 3-class) experiments, respectively. Theexperimental results indicate that the proposed system represents a promising tool for PMI estimation.
Development an effective adsorptive treatment strategy for the removal of cadmium from textile wastewater by CuBi2O4@Fe3O4 nanocomposites
(Taylor & Francis, 2024) Büyük, Muhammed Ali; Serbest, Hakan; Dalgıç Bozyiğit, Gamze; Bakırdere, Sezgin
In this study, copper-bismuth oxide/iron oxide (CuBi2O4@Fe3O4) nanocomposites were pre-pared by microwave-assisted synthesis and used as adsorbents for the adsorptive removalof cadmium from textile wastewater. The pH/volume of buffer solution, mixing type/periodand adsorbent dosage were optimized univariately to enhance the removal efficiency of theadsorbent and determined as 1.5 mL of pH 8.0 buffer solution, vortexing for 60s, and 30 mgof CuBi2O4@Fe3O4 nanocomposite material. Following the determination of the optimumparameters, equilibrium adsorption studies were performed at five different initial concentra-tions of cadmium within the range of 0.50 − 10 mg L−1 in textile wastewater. A matrix-matching calibration strategy was utilized for the accurate and precise quantification of cad-mium in the wastewater matrix with a R2 value of 0.9961. The percent removal efficiencieswere calculated within the range of 77.2 − 81.5% for the adsorptive removal of cadmiumions from textile wastewater in the equilibrium adsorption experiments. Furthermore, theLangmuir, Freundlich, and Sips adsorption isotherm models were employed for modelingthe equilibrium data, and the results showed that all the models fitted well with the experi-mental data with R2 values higher than 0.99. The simple and efficient batch adsorption pro-cess developed was successfully utilized to remove cadmium ions from textile wastewater.
Effect of heat treatment on corrosion behavior of S275 mild steel using accelerated DC voltage, LPR, and EIS
(2024) Jacob, Liyamol; Parapurath, Shahid; Vahdati, Nader; Günister, Ebru
This study used an external DC voltage of 1.5 V to accelerate corrosion in heat-treated S275 mild steel samples at different time intervals. LPR and EIS were used to study the corrosion behavior of original and quenched steel samples. There was only a negligible difference in the corrosion rate (CR) for the original and the quenched samples up to 30 min of voltage application in a 3.5% NaCl electrolyte media. When the exposure time increased to 60 min, the original sample showed seven times higher CR than the quenched samples. The pits on the surface of the original samples acted as cathodes, enhancing the reaction rate on the surface and increasing its CR dramatically. This led to bimodal corrosion, where the first part is led by concentration and diffusion; while, the second part is led by localized corrosion. The smaller pits on the original surface samples served as cathodic reaction centers, exacerbating corrosion. The corrosion rate of the original samples ranged from 0.8 to 7.8 mmpy; whereas, the corrosion rate of the quenched samples remained consistently around 0.8 mmpy. This trend can be observed in long-term corrosion in different metals. The uniformly oriented martensitic microstructure and the quenched samples’ small grain size prevented the enhanced ion penetration due to applied voltage. This study analyses the long-term stability of structural steel samples in marine environments by accelerating the corrosion rate by an applied external DC voltage.
Managing CDH1 cancer risks in a child: Complex decision making in a family with hereditary diffuse gastric cancer
(Wiley, 2024) Ağaoğlu, Nihat Buğra; Hatırnaz Ng, Özden; Zemheri, İtir Ebru; Ünal, Büşra; Gerenli, Nelgin; Tosun, İlkay; Yazıcı, Hülya; Özbek, Uğur; Kamihara, Junne; Rana, Huma Q.
Germline pathogenic variants (PVs) in CDH1 cause hereditary diffuse gastric cancer. The management of CDH1 cases with a positive family history includes total prophylactic gastrectomy or intensive surveillance. In this study, we report a 16-year-old boy with intramucosal gastric signet ring cells in the setting of a germline CDH1 PV and a family history of early-onset gastric cancer. The approach to managing both the proband and their 9-year-old sister, who also had the CDH1 PV, presented a challenge to both clinicians and the family. Herein, we present the complexities of managing gastric cancer risk when a CDH1 PV is identified in childhood in the setting of a family history of early-onset gastric cancer.
Optimization of properties of iron oxide nanoparticles synthized by solgel method
(ISRES Publishing, 2024) Sadullahoğlu, Gülten
In this study, the effects of pH value and capping agent on the morphology, pore structure and size of iron oxide nanoparticles were investigated systematically to obtain optimum properties. Iron oxide nanoparticles were synthized by sol-gel method. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was used as capping agent by adding to the solution at 70 °C. After the drying process the powders were heat treated at 250 °C for 2 h under air atmosphere. Particle size of each sample was determined by using ZetaSizer instrument. X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique was employed for structural properties of iron oxide nanoparticles, FE-SEM (Field Emmision Scanning Electron Microscopy) was used to analyze the morphology of the powders. Magnetic properties of the nanoparticles were measured by VSM (Vibrating Sample Magnetometer) under air atmosphere at room temperature. Spesific surface area, porosity and pore size distribution of iron oxide nanoparticles were calculated by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) instrument. The results indicated that formation of the γ-Fe2O3 is sensitive to either the pH value of the solution or the capping agent, for the uncoated samples when pH value of the solution is adjusted to 2.5, α-Fe2O3 phase was detected as a single phase. When the solution was neutralized, γ-Fe2O3 was formed as the major phase in the microstructure, γ-Fe2O3 phase was formed as the major phase in the PVA coated samples leading to highest value of 50.33 emu/g measured in the sample of PVA8.5. For the PVA coated samples, specific surface area is in the range of 15.73 – 20.81 m2/g, the intervals of pore volume and average pore width are increased to 0.099 – 0.121 cm3/g and 23.19 – 23.07 nm respectively.
The Homeostasis-Enrichment-Plasticity (HEP®) approach for premature infants with developmental risks: A pre-post feasibility study
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024) Balıkçı, Aymen; May-Benson, Teresa A.; Sırma, Gamze Çağla; Kardaş, Ayten; Demirbaş, Duygu; Arıcikul Balıkçı, Ayşe Firdevs; İlbay, Gül; Sözen, Hatice Gülhan; Beaudry-Bellefeuille, Isabelle
Background: The environmental enrichment (EE) framework has inspired several early intervention (EI) approaches. This study evaluated the feasibility, safety, caregiver acceptance, and satisfaction of implementing the HEP Approach intervention, a novel EI model based on the EE paradigm. Outcome measures for motor development, individual functional goals, sensory functions, caregiver-provided environmental affordances, and motivation for movement were examined. Methods: A pre-post-study design examined 18 premature infants (<33 weeks six days gestation) with a corrected age of 4–10 months. A 21-item Likert scale survey assessed the feasibility, safety, acceptability, and satisfaction of implementing the HEP Approach intervention. The Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-2, Test of Sensory Functions in Infants, Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development, and Infant Movement Motivation Questionnaire were used for outcomes. The goal attainment scale measured progress toward parent goals. The HEP Approach consisted of 12 one-hour sessions implemented over three months. Results: Most participating parents found the HEP Approach intervention feasible, safe, acceptable, and satisfactory. GAS scores demonstrated significant gains with a mean t-score of 67.75 (SD = 2.00). Results found significant improvement (p ≤ 0.05) in all outcome measures. Conclusions: Results suggest that the HEP Approach intervention is safe, feasible, and acceptable to implement. Outcome measures were meaningful and sensitive in identifying improved motor development, individualized parental goals, sensory functions, caregivers’ use of environmental opportunities, and movement motivation in premature at-risk infants. Results suggest further studies on the HEP Approach are feasible, and highlight the potential of this intervention to inspire and guide future research in this field.
Trends and regional differences for fertil ity preservation procedures in women with breast cancer
(Elsevier, 2024) Turan, Volkan; Bedoschi, Giuliano; Lee, Dong-Yun; Barbosa, Caio Parente; Oliveira, Renato de; Saçıntı, Koray Görkem; Sönmezer, Murat; Lambertini, Matteo; Massarotti, Claudia; Schaub, Amelia; Wang, Erica; Gayete-Lafuente, Sonia; Dunlop, Cheryl; Anderson, Richard A.; Bang, Heejung; Oktay, Kutluk H.
Introduction : Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women of reproductive age and chemotherapy protocols impair fertility, frequently necessitating fertility preservation (FP) referral. Embryo, oocyte, or ovarian tissue cryopreservation are established FP modalities in women with breast cancer but there are few data on their uptake over time. In this study our aim was to determine the regional time trends and utility differences for fertility preservation methods of reproductive tissue cryopreservation. Methods : This multicenter study included 1,623 women diagnosed with breast cancer from seven tertiary centers in six countries (Brazil, Italy, Scotland, South Korea, Turkey, USA). Participant centers provided the details of FP cryopreservation approaches broken down annually from 2012 to 2021. Women with newly diagnosed breast cancer, aged 18-45 years who were referred for FP at participating centers and had normal ovarian function at the time were included. Results : We found a mean increase of 7% per year (p=0.002, adjusting for centers) in the number of women referred for FP. Of those who were referred (n=1623), a mean 38.7% underwent FP (n=629), with a range of 12% in South Korea) to 95% in Brazil. The number of women undergoing ovarian stimulation for FP continually increased until 2021, with oocyte cryopreservation being the most common procedure throughout the study period (p=0.014 for time trend). The proportion of random start ovarian stimulation cycles increased each year from 58.3% in 2012 to 86.8% in 2021, (p=0.005 for time trend, and p=0.04 for 2012 vs. 2021). Conclusions : The utility of FP has steadily increased for young women with breast cancer over the last decade, although regional differences significantly influence FP practices. The findings of our study could have value for policy making in FP care for young women with breast cancer at the local, regional, or global level. Micro abstract Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women of reproductive age and chemotherapy protocols impair fertility, frequently necessitating fertility preservation referral. The utility of fertility preservation has steadily increased for young women with breast cancer over the last decade, although regional differences significantly influence fertility preservation practices.
Clinical implications of aberrant anatomy of the common hepatic duct in liver surgery: a systematic review and meta‑analysis
(Springer, 2024) Valenzuela‑Fuenzalida, Juan José; Avalos‑Díaz, Constanza; Droguett‑Utreras, Antonia; Guerra‑Loyola, Javier; Nova‑Baeza, Pablo; Orellana‑Donoso, Mathias; Suazo‑Santibañez, Alejandra; Oyanedel‑Amaro, Gustavo; Sanchis‑Gimeno, Juan; Bruna‑Mejias, Alejandro; Nteli Chatzioglou, Gkionoul
Introduction: Knowledge of anatomical variants that affect the hepatic duct (HD) are of particular clinical relevance during hepatobiliary surgical procedures. More specifically, the aberrant anatomy of the common HD is the most common anatomical variation affecting the biliary tree. Below, we describe different classifications of anatomical variants that affect this canal. According to Huang's classification, variations are determined depending on the insertion of the right posterior hepatic duct (RPHD). Materials and methods: Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and LILACS databases were investigated until January 2024. The methodological quality was assessed with an anatomical studies assurance tool (AQUA). Pooled prevalence was estimated using a random effects model. For the subgroup analysis, Student's T-test was used. Results: The prevalence rate of aberrant hepatic duct (AHD) was 15% (confidence interval [CI] of 7-22%). The first subgroup had cadavers and images. For the cadavers, the prevalence was 15.83% (CI: 11.22-18.3%), while the images had a prevalence of 22.06% (CI: 18.12-25.33%). This subgroup analysis showed no statistically significant difference between these groups (p = 0.127). The second subgroup comprised the continents where the included studies were from. In this subgroup, no statistically significant differences were found (p = 0.613). Finally, regarding the right or left laterality of the HD variant, there were no statistically significant differences (p = 0.089). Conclusion: A AHD corresponds to a finding that can occur in a significant percentage of our society, which could be an accidental discovery during surgeries or present asymptomatically throughout life and be a cadaveric discovery later. We believe it is important for surgeons to have prior knowledge of the possible variants of HD to prevent possible complications during and after surgery.
Overexpression of CDC25A, AURKB, and TOP2A genes could be an important clue for luminal a breast cancer
(Galenos Publishing House, 2024) Kaya, Murat; Abuaisha, Asmaa; Süer, İlknur; Alptekin, Melike Sultan; Abanoz, Fahrünnisa; Emiroğlu, Selman; Palanduz, Şükrü; Cefle, Kıvanç; Öztürk, Şükrü
Objective: Breast cancer (BC) is highly heterogeneous and one of the most common cancers. Luminal A (LUM A) is a subtype of BC with a better prognosis than other BC subtypes. The molecular mechanisms underlying the initiation and progression of the LUM A subtype are still unclear. Big data generated from microarray and sequencing systems can be re-analyzed, especially with the help of various in silico tools developed in recent years, and made applicable for in vitro and in vivo research. This work aimed to identify genes that may play a role in the progression of LUM A subtype of BC using both computational and laboratory-based methods. Materials and Methods: Overlapping genes associated with BC were identified from the The Cancer Genome Atlas database, GSE233242, GSE100925 geodata sets, and the geneshot tool. The network functional analysis between overlapping genes was determined with STRING 12.0. Expression levels of overlapping genes in BC were investigated with the TNMplot (https://tnmplot.com/analysis/) in silico tool. The effect of overlapping genes on the overall survival of LUM A cancer patients was defined using the Kaplan-Meier plotter tool. Expressions of genes identified using bioinformatics data were investigated via quantitative real-time -polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in LUM A tumor and adjacent tissue samples. The data were evaluated using the t-test. Both the sensitivity and specificity of selected genes have been determined using the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results: In silico investigation showed that eleven genes were possibly associated with BC. Among them CDC25A, AURKB, and TOP2A were considerably increased in LUM A samples according to qRT-PCR results. An overall survival analysis also showed that overexpression of these three genes could reduce the overall survival of LUM A patients. Conclusion: The genes CDC25A, AURKB, and TOP2A may play crucial functions in LUM A pathogenesis. Therapeutic strategies that diminish the expression of these connected genes may enhance the prognosis of LUM A patients.

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