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Determinants of foreign direct investment in the textile sector: A research with IT2 Fuzzy TOPSIS methodology
(Institute National Cercetare-Dezvoltare Textiles Pielarie, 2025) Şahin, Recep Uğurcan; Nalbant, Kemal Gökhan; Keskin, Abdulkadir; Özdemir, Yavuz; Keskin, Abdurrahman
This study aims to identify the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the textile sectors in Poland, Romania, Hungary, Slovakia, Czechia and Türkiye. The study assesses these criteria through paired comparisons conducted by experts who have a minimum of 10 years of professional experience in the field and analyses them using the IT2 Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) technique. According to the findings, the criteria with the highest degree of importance are national security, inflation rate, patent and trademark protection, transportation networks and market size. On a country-by-country basis, Poland has a higher investment attraction potential compared to other countries according to the criteria of openness, corruption, legal regulations and privatization policies, import and export quotas, education and professional status, renewable energy resources, sustainability, intellectual property protection, patent and trademark protection and national security. Hungary scores highest on import and export quotas and tax rates, while Slovakia stands out on import and export quotas and waste management/environmental regulations. Romania scores highest on profitability and debt financing, labour costs and import and export quotas. Czechia scores highest on inflation rate, political stability, legal regulations and privatization policies, economic incentives, general trade policies, import and export quotas and cultural situation and lifestyle. Türkiye scores the highest in terms of market size, GDP growth rate, access to raw materials and markets, technological infrastructure and innovation, transport networks, production sites, energy production, import and export quotas and business-friendly approaches.
Development of an HPLC method for the determination of fampridine (dalfampridine) in human plasma by fluorimetric derivatization and application to a prototype pharmacokinetic study
(Editions de l'Academie Republique Populaire, 2025) Ceylan, Burhan; Önal, Cem; Önal, Armağan
Fampridine (dalfampridine) is used to improve walking in people who have multiple sclerosis. In this study, a new, fast and sensitive HPLC method with fluorometric detection was developed for the determination of fampridine in human plasma and applied to a pharmacokinetic study. Fampridine was precolumn derivatized with 7-chloro-4-nitrobenzofurazan (NBD-Cl) and the fluorescent derivative was separated on a C18 (150 × 4.6 mm × 2.6 μm) analytical column at 30 ºC using a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile – 0.1% o-phosphoric acid in water (80:20, v/v) by isocratic elution with flow rate of 1.0 mL min–1 . The method was based on the measurement of the derivative using fluorescence detection (λex= 310 nm, λem = 365 nm). The retention time of fampridine is 4.10 ± 0.02 min. This currently developed method was validated according to EMA criteria by evaluating the specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy and robustness. The method was determined to be linear in a concentration range of 0.01–20 ng mL–1 with the correlation coefficient of 0.9996. LOD and LOQ were found to be 0.003 and 0.01 ng mL–1 , respectively. Intraday and interday RSD values were less than 2.45%. The plasma concentration-time profile and pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC0–t, AUC0–∞, Cmax, tmax, t1/2, were calculated according to the assays. The presented method can certainly be used for bioequivalence and bioavailability investigations and routine analysis of the drug in plasma.
Fluorimetric derivatization-based HPLC-FL method for the prototype pharmacokinetic analysis of selexipag in human plasma
(Taras Shevchenko National University, 2025) Ceylan, Burhan; Çayci, Meltem; Önal, Cem; Önal, Armağan
A simple and cost-effective HPLC-FL method has been developed for measuring selexipag in human plasma, showcasing its suitability for pharmacokinetic research. Selexipag was precolumn derivatized with 7-chloro-4-nitrobenzofurazan (NBD-Cl) and the fluorescent derivative was separated on a C18 (150 mm × 4.6 mm × 2.6 μm) analytical column at 30 ºC using a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile – 0.1% o-phosphoric acid in water (70:30, v/v) by isocratic elution with flow rate of 1.0 mL min-1. The method was based on measuring the derivative using fluorescence detection (λex = 380 nm, λem = 420 nm). The retention time of selexipag is 6.40 ± 0.01 min. This currently developed method was validated according to EMA criteria by evaluating the specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, and robustness. The method was determined to be linear in a concentration range of 0.01-20 ng mL-1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9998. LOD and LOQ were found to be 0.003 and 0.01 ng mL-1, respectively. Intraday and interday RSD values were less than 1.75%. The plasma concentration-time profile and pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC0–t, AUC0–∞, Cmax, tmax, t1/2, were calculated according to the assays. The presented method can be effectively used for bioequivalence and bioavailability investigations, as well as for routine analysis of the drug in plasma.
Predicting risk of lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer using miRNAs and clinicopathological features
(Springer Nature Link, 2025) Ergün, Penbe Gül; Aydoğan, Çağatay; Ceviz, Ayşe Begüm; Candan, Gonca; Batur, Şebnem; Yılmaz Aydoğan, Hülya; Öztürk, Oğuz; Öztürk, Tülin
This study investigates potential prognostic values in models created with clinico pathological features and expression profles of miRNAs known for their critical roles in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) for lymph node metastasis (LNM) in PTC cases. Forty-seven lymph node-metastatic PTC patients and 46 non-metastatic patients were included. Using RT-PCR, miR-21, miR-146b, miR-221, and miR-222 expression was analyzed in carcinoma tissues and metastatic lymph nodes of the same PTC patients and carcinoma tissues of non-metastatic PTC patients. MiR 146b (p<0.001) and miR-221 (p=0.009) were overexpressed in metastatic PTCs compared to non-metastatic PTCs. The miRNA expression profles were similar in the lymph nodes and primary cancer of metastatic PTCs. In the presence of larger tumors (>1 cm) in metastatic PTCs, miR-146b and miR221 were overexpressed in the tumor tissue (p=0.036), while miR-222 was overexpressed in metastatic lymph nodes (p=0.035). miR-146b was also upregulated in lack of peritumoral lympho cyte infltration (p=0.006). In conclusion, our fndings suggest that the overexpres sion of miR-146b and miR-221 in PTC tissues may be associated with lymph node metastasis and a poorer prognosis. Furthermore, the presence of larger tumors and increased levels of intratumoral fbrosis in non-metastatic PTC patients could indi cate a poor prognosis.
Comprehensive analysis of brewed tea: Boron content, total antioxidant and oxidant capacity, oxidative stress, and ph value
(Springer Nature Link, 2025) Cihan, Aslıhan; Özel Korlu, Armağan Begüm; Tüzüner, Burcin Alev; Yarat, Ayşen
Tea is widely recognized as the most consumed beverage in the world after water. In recent years, the connection between tea and health has gained growing attention as a signifcant research topic. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between tea and health by analyzing the boron content, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant capacity (TOC), oxidative stress index (OSI), and pH levels of teas commonly consumed in Türkiye. A total of 42 samples were created from various tea brands and diferent tea types that are widely consumed in Türkiye. The determination of boron in pulverized and brewed tea samples was carried out using the carminic acid method. Additionally, boron transfer was determined in brewed teas. Brewed tea samples were also examined in terms of pH, TAC, TOC, and OSI. It was determined that all teas contained an average of 11.73 mg/L boron, the amount of boron in domestic teas was lower than in imported teas. It was determined that boron transfer into brewed tea was approximately 30%. The pH values ranged between 4–5. No diferences were detected in terms of TAC, TOC, and OSI. Our research shows that tea consumption is safe in terms of boron levels and helps meet daily needs. The OSI of teas is less than 1, so their antioxidant efects can be considered quite good. However, it should be noted that excessive tea consumption can lead to the demineralization of tooth enamel due to low pH levels.
In-depth analysis of the demographic landscape and clinical outcomes of assisted reproductive technologies in Türkiye: A comprehensive survey for the years 2020 and 2021
(Galenos Publishing House, 2025) Benlioğlu, Can; Aydın, Yunus; Bostancı, Mehmet Sühha; Bozdağ, Gürkan; Bulgurcuoğlu, Sibel; Demir, Ahmet; Dilbaz, Serdar; Dirican, Enver Kerem; Turan, Volkan; Balaban, Başak
Objective: To investigate patient characteristics and outcomes of assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles conducted in Türkiye during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic (2020-2021). Material and methods: ART centers in Türkiye were invited to participate in this survey. The questionnaire focused on patient demographics and performance outcomes and was sent to center directors via anonymous Qualtrics™ links. Results: The survey was sent to 167 centers and data were collected from 15 centers in 2020 and 24 centers in 2021. The clinical pregnancy rate from intrauterine insemination (IUI) procedures remained similar, with 15.1% in 2020 (1,245 IUI cycles) and 14.5% in 2021 (2,023 IUI cycles), while successful delivery rates were 12.5% and 11.5%, respectively. For ART treatments, the clinical pregnancy rate from fresh embryo transfers increased from 45.1% in 2020 (3,119 transfers) to 50.4% in 2021 (8832 transfers), with similar live birth rates, 34.2% vs. 34.4%. Frozen embryo transfers resulted in clinical pregnancy rates of 47.8% in 2020 (2,498 transfers) and 51.9% in 2021 (12,015 transfers), with live birth rates rising from 39.8% to 42.7%. Preimplantation genetic testing cycles resulted in clinical pregnancy rates of 64.2% in 2020 (271 transfers) and 60.8% in 2021 (2,102 transfers), with live birth rates of 53.5% and 48.2%, respectively. Regarding techniques for fertility preservation in females, 11 prepubertal and 61 postpubertal ovarian tissue cryopreservation procedures were reported, alongside 1,346 cycles performed within the same period. In males, 144 post-pubertal testicular tissue, 871 epididymal and 2,480 ejaculated sperm cryopreservations were reported. During the two years, six ovarian tissue transplantations followed by ART were performed, with 96 women using cryopreserved oocytes. In addition, 40 testicular tissue, 298 epididymal, and 238 ejaculated sperm samples were used for ART purposes. Conclusion: This survey provides a comprehensive overview of ART practices in Türkiye for 2020 and 2021, establishing a long-term, nationallevel analysis while highlighting the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. The longitudinal analysis established a foundation for future annual reports and offers critical insights into emerging trends over these two years.
Eosin-5′-maleimide (EMA)-binding assay as a diagnostic method of hereditary spherocytosis
(De Gruyter, 2025) Pepeler, Mehmet Sezgin; Falay, Mesude; Aydın, Mürüvvet Seda; Parmaksız, Ayhan; Yılmaz Keskin, Ebru; Alanoğlu, Güçhan; Fettah, Ali; Özet, Gülsüm
Objectives Erythrocyte membrane disorders are caused by a deficiency of structural proteins in the erythrocyte membrane. Accurate differential diagnosis within this group of disorders (is essential for appropriate management. The eosin-5′-maleimide (EMA) binding assay is a novel test that is used for the differential diagnosis of erythrocyte membrane disorders. In this study, we have examined and reported blood counts, reticulocyte indices, and the EMA binding assay results with clinical findings of cases admitted to our laboratory for suspected red blood cell (RBC) membrane disorder. Methods We performed the EMA binding assay on the blood samples of 103 patients who were screened for hereditary erythrocyte membrane disorders at the Flow Cytometry Laboratory of Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital. The total cohort was grouped as patients with hereditary spherocytosis (HS) (n=36) and control group (patients without erythrocyte membrane disorders (n=60), and non-HS patients with a preliminary diagnosis of hemolytic anemia (n=7). The control group included during data collection, the results of the EMA binding assay were recorded along with demographic features, clinical information, morphologic features, blood count parameters, RBC and reticulocyte indices, and a conventional osmotic fragility (OF) test. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analyses were performed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the EMA binding assay and reticulocyte parameters. Results Both EMA testing and flow cytometric (FC) OF test were significantly lower in overall (n=36), ≤10-year-old (n=12), and >10-year-old (n=24) patients with HS than in healthy controls (p<0.001). The EMA binding assay had 100 % sensitivity and specificity in screening HS. Conclusions Combined with conventional blood tests, clinical findings, and medical history, the EMA binding assay is a reliable and convenient tool for screening for HS and differentiating hereditary erythrocyte membrane disorders.
Nanocrystal based approach in colon targeting
(Elsevier, 2025) Pirinçci Tok, Yağmur; Güngör, Sevgi; Özsoy, Yıldız
Nanocrystals have unique characteristics among of the drug delivery systems in nanosized through high drug loading, favorable effects on pharmacokinetics, reduced toxicity, and easy of scaling-up. Nanocrystals are basically active pharmaceutical ingredient particles in the nanometer range, which is described generally as nanosuspension since they are produced by surrounding a stabilizer and suspending in a dispersion media. They can be administered via oral, buccal, nasal, pulmonary, parenteral, and ocular routes with different formulation technologies or brain delivery of nanocrystals. In recent years, there has been increased interest in colon-targeting nanocrystals where chitosan-derived stabilizers, pH-sensitive and time-released approaches, coating, and encapsulation strategies are being preferred. In this chapter, the features of drug nanocrystals, the principles of their manufacturing methods as well as stabilization mechanism of nanocrystals, and stabilizer agents used for their production and stabilization of the nanosuspension are handled out and the strategies focus on colon-targeting of nanocrystals drug delivery will be summarized. © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.
A hybrid approach to credit risk assessment using bill payment habits data and explainable artificial intelligence
(MDPI Publishing, 2025) Bulut, Cem; Arslan, Emel
Credit risk is one of the most important issues in the rapidly growing and devel oping finance sector. This study utilized a dataset containing real information about the bill payments of individuals who made transactions with a payment institution operating in Turkey. First, the transactions in the dataset were analyzed based on the bill type and the individual and features reflecting the payment habits were extracted. For the target class, real credit scores generated by the Credit Registry Office for the individuals whose payment habits were extracted were used. The dataset is a multi-class, unbalanced, and alternative dataset. Therefore, the dataset was prepared for the analysis by using data cleaning, feature selection, and sampling techniques. Then, the dataset was classified using various classification and evaluation methods. The best results were obtained with a model consisting of ANOVA F-Test, SMOTE, and Extra Tree algorithms. With this model, 80.49% accuracy, 79.89% precision, and 97.04% UAC rate were obtained. These results are quite efficient for an alternative dataset with 10 classes. This model was transformed into an explainable and interpretable form using LIME and SHAP, which are XAI techniques. This study presents a new hybrid model for credit risk assessment based on a multi-class and imbalanced alternative dataset and machine learning.
Anatomy based computer assisted evaluation for aesthetic new navel formation
(Springer Nature Link, 2025) Gövsa, Figen; Nteli Chatzioglou, Gkionoul; Biçer, Ahmet; Gökmen, Gökhan
Background This study aimed to determine the typical position and shape of the umbilicus among young individuals to guide the repositioning of the new umbilicus during abdominoplasty. Methods Standardized photographs of 63 young volunteers were analyzed to evaluate parameters such as the vertical and horizontal positions, length, ratio, and shape of the umbilicus. The study also established the mathematical relationships between the umbilicus and nearby anatomical structures like the xiphoid process, pubic symphysis, anterior superior iliac spine, iliac crests, and body mass index (BMI) to identify the ideal geometric shapes and positions. In two patients with abdominal skin sagging, abdominoplasty was performed with a new umbilicus designed according to these anatomical measurements. Results The umbilici were categorized by shape: vertical oval with superior hooding (29%), round (27%), vertical lozenge (21%), and protruded (11%). Ratios between anatomical points were measured, such as the ratio of the distance between the xiphoid process and the upper edge of the umbilicus to the distance between the lower edge of the umbilicus and the sym physis pubis, which was 1.64±0.40. Post-operative evaluation emphasized achieving a xiphoid-umbilicus/pubic symphysis ratio of 1.6:1 for the new umbilicus, with an aesthetically ideal ratio considered to be 1:1. A strong correlation was found between BMI and all umbilical ratios. Conclusions The most aesthetically pleasing navel position aligns with the golden ratio between xiphoid and umbilicus compared to the umbilicus and abdominal crease. Weight control is also crucial in achieving optimal belly aesthetics.
An analytical method for the determination of pentachloroaniline and pentachlorobenzene in ginseng tea samples by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry after liquid phase microextraction
(Elsevier, 2025) Erarpat Bodur, Sezin; Serbest, Hakan; Bakırdere, Sezgin
This study describes a sensitive and accurate analytical method for the determination of pentachloroaniline (PCA) and pentachlorobenzene (PCB) at trace levels in ginseng tea samples. For this purpose, spraying based fine droplet formation liquid phase microextraction (SFDF-LPME) method was implemented to extract/preconcentrate the target analytes before their separation and detection by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Herein, a lab-made spraying system was used to distribute the extraction solvent throughout the aqueous sample solution. Limit of detection/quantitation (LOD/LOQ) values for PCA and PCB were found as 0.24/0.80 and 0.26/0.85 μg/kg, respectively. When LOD values of GC-MS and SFDF-LPME-GC-MS methods were compared to each other, enhancement in detection power values for PCA and PCB were 285 and 226.9 folds, respectively. Percent recovery results for PCA and PCB were calculated as 92-124 % and 86-129 %, respectively. Green evaluation and practicability of developed SFDF-LPME-GC-MS method was done by Eco-scale (89), AGREEprep (0.39) and BAGI (62.5) tools.
From surgery to sports career: The long-term fate of athletes with discoid meniscus
(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins Ltd., 2025) Erden, Tunay; Ağır, Muzaffer; Ali, Jotyar; Toker, Berkin; Taşer, Ömer
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of different surgical techniques for discoid meniscus in athletes. Design: This retrospective cohort study included 44 athletes (51 knees) who underwent arthroscopic surgery for symptomatic discoid meniscus between 1996 and 2019. Setting: The study was conducted at a tertiary-level sports medicine center. Patients: Athletes aged 15 to 35 years with symptomatic discoid meniscus confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging and requiring surgical treatment were included. Exclusion criteria were cartilage injuries (Outerbridge grades 3-4), concomitant ligament injuries requiring surgery, osteochondritis dissecans, and prior knee surgery. Interventions: Patients underwent arthroscopic partial, subtotal, or total meniscectomy, with or without meniscus repair. Main outcome measures: Functional outcomes were assessed using Visual Analog Scale (VAS), International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), and Lysholm scores. Osteoarthritis progression was evaluated using the Kellgren-Lawrence classification. Return to sports time and total career duration were also recorded and compared between the surgical groups. Results: The mean follow-up was 13.5 ± 6.2 years (range: 5-27 years). At the final follow-up, 72% of the meniscus-preserving group (partial meniscectomy and repair) had KL grade 0 osteoarthritis, whereas 38% of the subtotal/total meniscectomy group developed KL grades 3 to 4 osteoarthritis (P < 0.001). All groups showed significant postoperative functional improvements (P < 0.001), but career duration and return to play time were significantly longer in the meniscus-preserving group (P = 0.004, P < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Subtotal/total meniscectomy significantly accelerates osteoarthritis progression. Meniscus-preserving techniques provide better long-term outcomes.
Osseous anatomy of the distal radius: A morphometric analysis of external groove and bony ridge
(Springer Nature Link, 2025) Ok, Fatma; Çelikgün, Beyza; Nteli Chatzioglou, Gkionoul; Ertaş, Ahmet; Coşkun, Osman
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the presence and morphological and morphometric characteristics of the distal radius's external groove (EG) and bony ridge, which play a potential role in the pathogenesis and treatment difficulties of De Quervain's tenosynovitis. Methods: The osseous anatomy of the distal radius was analyzed in detail on a total of 103 dry bone specimens (49 left and 54 right) obtained from the Department of Anatomy, Istanbul University, Turkiye. The frequency and morphology of the EG were analyzed. The EGs were categorized as Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3 with two EGs, one EG with depth, and an additional EG without depth, respectively. Finally, flat areas without clear groove boundaries were classified as Type 4. Results: The analyses showed variations in the morphology and dimensions of the EG and bony ridge. A total of 110 EGs were detected in 103 radii examined. Type 1, Type 2, Type 3 and Type 4 EGs were reported in 30 bones (30%), 38 bones (38%), 12 bones (12%) and 23 bones (23%), respectively. The depth of the EG of Type 1 was 0.26 ± 0.23 mm and 0.22 ± 0.16 mm on the lateral and medial sides, respectively. Also, the depth of the Type 2 was calculated as 0.49 ± 0.37 mm. Conclusion: The osseous variations of the distal radius are critical anatomical factors contributing to the pathogenesis of De Quervain's tenosynovitis and difficulties in the treatment process. It is essential to recognize these variations to improve diagnostic accuracy and optimize therapeutic interventions.
Fluid biomarkers in atypical Parkinsonism: Current state and future perspectives
(Springer Nature Link, 2025) Bougea, Anastasia; Colosimo, Carlo; Falup‑Pecurariu, Cristian; Palermo, Giovanni; Değirmenci, Yıldız
Diagnosing Atypical Parkinsonian Syndromes (APS) may be challenging due to overlapping clinical features of Parkinson’s disease (PD), and the lack of pathognomonic diagnostic tests. Fluid biomarkers can be useful tools that make it easier to identify and track diferent APS. Objectives: this narrative review aim to update the current state of fuid biomarker research in APS and their potential implications in clinical practice. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed and Scopus using the following terms: “Aβ42 amyloid beta with 42 amino acids’’, “ alpha-synuclein’’, “Atypical Parkinso nian Syndromes’’, “corticobasaldegeneration’’, “C reactive protein’’, “cerebrospinal fuid’’, “dementia with Lewy bodies’’, “multiple system atrophy’’, “neuroflament light, oligomericαsyn, phosphorylated α –syn’’, “tau phosphorylated at threonine 181’’, “progressive supranuclear palsy’’, “Seeding Amplifcation Assay’’, “t-tau; total tau”. The lack of high-afnity α-syn antibodies and ligands may contribute to α-syn’s low efcacy as a diagnostic biomarker of APS. Cerebrospinal fuid (CSF) biomarkers refecting Alzheimer pathology, axonal damage (neuroflament light chain) add valuable diagnostic and prog nostic information in the neurochemical characterization of APS. Infammatoryand microRNAs markers need to be further validated before their clinical use. Seeding Amplifcation Assays (SAA), despite their high sensitivity and specifcity, are at this point used only as a research tool, and they are not quantitative or refective of disease severity. Biomarker research for early identifcation and prognosis of APS patients requires multicenter collaboration, validation, and AI-based diagnostics, despite immature biological classifcation systems.
GWAS analysis of sudden cardiac death cases in a Turkish population
(İstanbul University Press, 2025) Özel Cavlak, Gülay; Cavlak, Mehmet; Kınoğlu, Kubilay; Ceviz, Ayşe Begüm; Eronat, Allison Pınar; Kobak, Işıl; Şam, Bülent; Yıldız, Mustafa; Bayraktar, Bülent; Yılmaz Aydoğan, Hülya; Öztürk, Oğuz
Objective: Sudden death is defined as death occurring within one hour of the onset of symptoms, with cardiovascular diseases being one of the leading causes. The most common genetic factors leading to sudden cardiac death are hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomy6 opathy. In some cases, autopsies may reveal no evidence of long QT syndrome, short QT syndrome, catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, or Brugada Syndrome. Materials and Methods: We collected samples from sudden cardiac death cases aged 5–40 years (arrhythmia as Group 1, hypertrophy as Group 2, and ischemic heart disease as Group 3), as well as from healthy athletes (control group as Group 4), and analyzed them using genome6wide association study (GWAS) with a DNA microchip containing 196,725 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers thought to be associated with sudden cardiac death or other cardiovascular diseases. Results: We detected any possible genetic variations or patterns that could elucidate the mechanisms underlying sudden cardiac death in a Turkish population. In our study group, two polymorphisms; rs2971851 and rs9609516, stood out as prominent variants compared with healthy elite athletes. Conclusion: We aimed to identify potential genetic variations or patterns that could shed light on the mechanisms underlying sudden cardiac death in the Turkish population. In our study group, two poly6 morphisms, rs2971851 and rs9609516, emerged as prominent variants when compared to healthy athletes.
Protective effects of boric acid on HBV-transgenic mice with chronic alcohol consumption: An experimental study
(Elsevier, 2025) Ergüven, Pelin; Tanrıkulu Küçük, Sevda; Şevgin, Kübra; Değirmencioğlu, Sevgin; Çetinalp, Pınar; Aksu, Soner; Gün Atak, Palmet; Söğüt, İbrahim
This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of boric acid supplementation against liver damage in chronic alcohol-dependent HBV transgenic mice. The HBV transgenic mice were divided into four groups: control (C), boric acid(B), alcohol(A), and alcohol + boric acid(A + B). Blood alcohol concentration (BAC), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), reactive oxygen species(ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total antioxidant capacity (TAS), total oxidant capacity (TOS) levels, and oxidative stress index (OSI) were examined biochemically. H&E, PAS, Masson trichrome, and TUNEL staining were performed. Caspase 3, cytochrome c, and APAF-1 expression levels were determined by qRT-PCR. The alcohol group exhibited significantly higher levels of ROS, MDA, TOS, OSI, and mRNA expressions of Cytochrome c, caspase 3, and APAF-1, while TAS level and CAT activity were significantly lower compared to the boric acid group. Compared to the control group, the alcohol group exhibited significantly increased TOS, OSI, AST levels, APAF-1 mRNA expression, and the number of TUNEL-positive cells, along with a reduction in GPx activity (p < 0.05). However, in the alcohol + boric acid group, TOS and AST levels were significantly higher compared to the control group (p < 0.05), and TOS was higher compared to the boric acid group (p < 0.01). Among the boron-treated groups, only the TOS level was lower in the boric acid group compared to the alcohol + boric acid group (p < 0.01). Histopathological examination revealed reduced sinusoidal dilatation and connective tissue distribution in the boric acid-supplemented groups. These findings suggest that boric acid supplementation may mitigate oxidative damage and histopathological alterations associated with chronic alcohol consumption in HBV-transgenic mice.
The role of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) in enhancing electrolytes for safer and efficient lithium-based batteries
(Elsevier, 2025) Yaman Uzunoğlu, Gülşah; Coşkun, Şahin; Yüksel, Recep
Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), with its unique structural and thermal properties, has emerged as a versatile material capable of addressing challenges such as thermal instability, dendrite formation, and limited ionic conductivity across liquid, gel polymer, and solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) for high-performing lithium ion and lithium metal batteries (LMBs). In liquid electrolytes, h-BN improves ionic mobility and suppresses side reactions, while in gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs), it enhances mechanical flexibility and thermal stability. SSEs benefit from h-BN's ability to suppress dendrites, reinforce mechanical strength, and optimize interfacial compatibility, making it a key enabler for next-generation battery technologies. Despite its promise, challenges such as dispersion uniformity, cost, and interfacial complexity must be addressed. Future directions, including the development of multifunctional architectures, dynamic electrolytes, and sustainable synthesis methods, are discussed to guide the integration of h-BN in emerging energy storage systems. This perspective article explores the multifunctional roles of h-BN, highlighting its contributions to enhancing ionic transport, thermal management, and interfacial stability. By presenting a comprehensive overview of h-BN's role in electrolytes, this work aims to inspire further research into its potential to revolutionize energy storage technologies.
Design and synthesis of thiosemicarbazides and 1,2,4-triazoles derived from ibuprofen as potential MetAP (type II) inhibitors
(Elsevier, 2025) Yılmaz, Özgür; Biliz, Yağmur; Ayan, Sümeyra; Çevik, Özge; Karahasanoğlu, Müfide; Çotuker, Reyhan; Mert Şahin, Naz Mina; Gökkaya, Kübra; Gülyüz, Sevgi; Yelekçi, Kemal; Küçükgüzel, Ş. Güniz
In the present study, a range of novel thiosemicarbazides 4a-i and 1,2,4-triazoles 5a-i derived from ibuprofen, were synthesized. Structural elucidation of these synthesized compounds was performed utilizing a variety of spectroscopic methods, including FTIR, 1 H NMR, 13C NMR and HR-MS. The synthesized compounds were tested for cytotoxicity in five different cancer cell lines (cervical cancer (HeLa), human breast cancer (MCF-7), human gastric adenocarcinoma (MKN-45), human metastatic prostate cancer (PC3) and human glioblastoma (U87)). The compounds were compared with healthy cells (NIH-3T3) and the most effective compounds were determined by means of the selectivity index. Thiosemicarbazides derived form ibuprofen 4i and 4d showed anticancer activity, while 1,2,4-triazoles derived form ibuprofen 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5h, 5g showed anticancer activity in HeLa, MCF-7, MKN-45, PC3 and U87 cells. To test the stability of the protein-drug complexes all 18 compounds 4a-i and 5a-i were docked into the active site of the MetAP2 enzyme In general, computational inhibition constants values were correlated with the experimental values. The dynamic behavior of MetAP2-inhibitor complexes was analyzed using all atoms Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulations for 200 ns duration. MD revealed that the drugs bind in the active center of MetAP2 with stable RMSD and RMSF. In conclusion, in-silico results and in-vitro studies suggests that thiosemicarbazides and 1,2,4-triazoles derived from ibuprofen may be novel anticancer drug candidates for treating cervical, breast, prostate, gastric and glioblastoma. Compounds provided induction of apoptotic proteins in the cell by inhibiting MetAP2 enzyme. Furthermore, the potential antioxidant activities of the compounds were evaluated using the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity assay. Among the compounds tested, 4a, 4b, 4e, 4f, 4h, and 4i exhibited values closely resembling the DPPH activity of the standards.
Dual etiology vs. MetALD: how MAFLD and MASLD address liver diseases coexistence
(OAE Publishing, 2025) Zerehpooshnesfchi, Shadi; Lonardo, Amedeo; Fan, Jian-Gao; Elwakil, Reda; Tanwandee, Tawesak; Altarrah, Munira; Örmeci, Necati; Eslam, Mohammed
Fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction has emerged as a significant global health challenge. This condition often coexists with other liver diseases, such as alcohol-related liver disease and viral hepatitis, complicating both diagnosis and management. To address the limitations of the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) classification, two alternative frameworks have been proposed: metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in 2020 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in 2023. A key difference between these definitions is how they consider fatty liver disease in relation to the coexistence of other liver conditions. MAFLD adopts a dual etiology concept, creating a unified classification system that aligns with contemporary clinical and epidemiological needs. In contrast, MASLD introduces a new term, MetALD (metabolic and alcohol-related/associated liver disease), to describe patients who have both metabolic dysfunction and excessive alcohol intake. This review critically examines the clinical, research, and epidemiological implications of the differing approaches of MAFLD and MASLD, offering insights into their potential to enhance the understanding and management of multi-etiology liver diseases.
A comprehensive morphological and morphometric study of the spinoglenoid notch and ligament/ membrane: Possible clinical relevance of suprascapular nerve entrapment
(Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine, 2025) Coşkun, Osman; Gürses, İlke Ali; Gayretli, Özcan; Kale, Ayşin; Kına, Adnan; Usta, Ahmet; Şahinoğlu, Kayıhan; Öztürk, Adnan
Objective: This study aimed to determine the anatomical fea tures and clinical significance of the spinoglenoid notch and spinoglenoid ligament-membrane as well as the branches of the suprascapular nerve to the infraspinatus muscle as these struc tures may cause compression of this nerve. Material and Methods: Fifty sides (25 right and 25 left) were studied on 26 fixed cadavers belonging to the Department of Anatomy, İstanbul University, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine. The suprascapular nerve branches to the infraspinatus muscle and spinoglenoid ligament-membrane were examined in cadavers, and the spinoglenoid notch was investigated in 50 dry scapulae. Result: The suprascapular nerve had two branches to the in fraspinatus muscle in 22 cadavers on 37 sides (74%) and three branches to this muscle in 11 cadavers on 13 sides (26%). On 31 sides the spinoglenoid membrane and on 19 sides the spinoglenoid ligament were observed. Related to the spinoglenoid notch, the mean width was 17.17±2.17 mm, and the mean depth was 17.45±2.03 mm in calliper measurements on dry bones, while the mean width was 16.99±1.88 mm, the mean depth was 17.73±2 mm and the mean area was 282.04±55.27 mm² in com puted tomography measurements. Conclusion: The presented data regarding the spinoglenoid notch in which the suprascapular nerve is frequently compressed and the branches of the suprascapular nerve to the infraspinatus muscle may guide the surgical treatment of the related entrap ment syndrome.

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