İstanbul Sağlık ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi Kurumsal Akademik Arşivi
DSpace@İSTÜN, Üniversite mensupları tarafından doğrudan ve dolaylı olarak yayınlanan; kitap, makale, tez, bildiri, rapor, araştırma verisi gibi tüm akademik kaynakları uluslararası standartlarda dijital ortamda depolar, Üniversitenin akademik performansını izlemeye aracılık eder, kaynakları uzun süreli saklar ve telif haklarına uygun olarak Açık Erişime sunar.
Güncel Gönderiler
Artificial intelligence applications across the spectrum of malnutrition: From undernutrition to obesity
(Elsevier, 2026) Günalan, Elif; Tartıcı, Gülser; Aladağ, Esra; Çonak, Özge
Background: Malnutrition is a significant global public health challenge, with rising prevalence and vital consequences. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have transformed approaches to understanding, monitoring, and managing these conditions. In this context, a multidimensional approach, integrating digital anthropometry and precision nutrition with image processing and AI-based mobile applications, has progressed in the field. Objectives: This study provides a comprehensive bibliometric and critical analysis of AI applications in malnutrition, including undernutrition and obesity. Methods: Using RStudio software (version 4.1.3) and the bibliometrix R package, 716 publications were identified in the Scopus database, of which 191 original research articles were analyzed. This context focuses on subfields such as digital anthropometry, precision nutrition, image processing technologies, and AI-supported mobile applications. Results: The findings highlight AI as a rapidly growing and interdisciplinary field of research. Engineering journals frequently publish cutting-edge studies, with the United States, China, Spain, and Korea leading in productivity and citations. Although diet, nutrition, and diabetes themes dominate the literature, undernutrition and obesity remain underrepresented. Conclusions: This study emphasizes the importance of transitioning the current fragmented research landscape into a standardized and ethically governed framework for the sustainable development of AI in nutrition. By bridging identified thematic imbalances and prioritizing scalable digital tools, AI can be repositioned as a strategic pillar of public health, rather than just a clinical instrument. Such a shift is essential for effectively addressing the global double burden of malnutrition and ensuring long-term, sustainable progress in the field.
Multi-target neuroprotective compound exhibits EAAT2-modulating and alzheimer’s pathology–attenuating effects in in vitro and in vivo models
(American Chemical Society, 2026) Hacımüftüoğlu, Ahmet; Saraçoğlu, Nurullah; Saffour, Sana; Abad, Nadeem; Kesgun, Yunus; Zegheb, Nadjiba; Gündeğer, Ersin; Yeşilyurt, Fatma; Ataş, Merve Nur; Türkez, Hasan
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a debilitating neuro degenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and memory loss. Current treatments offer limited efficacy, necessitat ing the development of innovative multitarget therapeutic strategies. Here, we present N3 ,N5 -bis(2-(5-methoxy-1H-indol-3- yl)ethyl)-2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)pyridine-3,5-dicarboxa mide (HCM-01), a novel compound developed to target multiple neurodegenerative pathways implicated in AD. In vitro assays included MTT-based cell viability analyses performed in two complementary experimental settings: primary neuronal cultures and astrocyte-based in vitro cell culture models exposed to glutamate. In primary hippocampal neuronal cultures, glutamate exposure induced a statistically significant reduction in cell viability compared with vehicle-treated controls, consistent with glutamate-induced excitotoxicity. Under these conditions, HCM-01 treatment resulted in a statistically significant improvement in neuronal viability, showing a greater protective effect compared with donepezil and memantine. In contrast, in astrocyte-based in vitro cultures, the applied glutamate concentration did not induce overt cytotoxicity, in line with the intrinsic neuroprotective and glutamate-buffering role of astrocytes. Accordingly, astrocytic experiments were designed to assess functional modulation of glutamate-handling mechanisms rather than cell survival. Western blot analysis in C8-D1A astrocytic cells demonstrated increased expression of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2) following HCM-01 treatment compared with control and reference drug-treated groups, suggesting modulation of astrocyte-mediated glutamate homeostasis. In parallel, redox analyses revealed that HCM-01 improved oxidative/antioxidative balance, as evidenced by increased total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and reduced total oxidant status (TOS), supporting an indirect antioxidant contribution to its functional effects. In vivo behavioral assessment of HCM-01 in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced Alzheimer’s model in female Sprague−Dawley rats demonstrated that administration of HCM-01 at doses of 50 mg/kg orally (oral, P.O. and intraperitoneal, I.P.) and 100 mg/kg (P.O.), significantly improved cognitive and memory functions in the passive avoidance (PA), Morris water maze (MWM), and locomotor activity tests. Moreover, histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses of different hippocampal regions revealed reduced neuronal damage, attenuation of tau pathology, antiamyloidogenic effect, and restoration of cholinergic function. Complementary in silico studies, including molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations (MDS), and free energy calculations, suggested potential interactions of HCM-01 with the allosteric site of EAAT2. Taken together, these findings suggest that HCM-01 exerts neuroprotective effects against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in primary hippocampal neurons while additionally modulating glutamatergic homeostasis and redox balance through functional mechanisms in astrocyte-based models, supporting its relevance as a multitarget preclinical candidate for early stage AD mechanisms.
Genel Patoloji
(Güneş Tıp Kitabevleri, 2026) Alatlı, Fatma Canan; Balcıoğlu, Hüseyin Avni
Sağlık kısaca vücudun hastalık belirtisi olmadan, işlevlerini sürdürebildiği durumdur. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) sağlığı, hem fiziksel, hem ruhsal, hem de sosyal olarak tam bir iyilik hali şeklinde tanımlamaktadır.
Green-synthesized CuO/Cu2O-supported g-C3N4 p–n junction photocatalyst for photo(electro)catalytic hydrogen evolution
(Elsevier, 2026) Kaba, İbrahim; Kılıç, Behris; Bozkurt, Rabia Nur; Koca, Atıf
In this study, an environmentally friendly CuO/Cu2O nanoparticle (NPs) production method was developed using waste rosehip seed plant extracts as reducing and stabilizing agents. Automatic solvent extraction (ASE) with a green 60% (v/v) ethanol/water solvent combination produced polyphenol-rich solutions for biogenic nanoparticle production. Green CuO/Cu2O NPs were loaded onto n-type graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4, CN) at 5%, 10%, and 15% weight percentages to form p-n heterojunction photocatalysts (5CuO/Cu2O@CN, 10CuO/Cu2O@CN, and 15CuO/Cu2O@CN). Structural and morphological analyses and material characterizations performed using XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDS, TEM, XPS, UV–vis DRS, Zeta Sizer, and DLS confirmed the successful formation and homogeneous distribution of CuO/Cu2O on the CN surface. Optical and photoelectrochemical characterizations revealed that the formation of p–n type junction significantly increased visible light absorption and supported efficient charge carrier dissociation. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) measurements yielded consistent results for photocatalytic hydrogen (H2) evolution, with a consistent H2 evolution relationship; pure CN produced 125 μmol g− 1 h− 1 H2, while the 10CuO/Cu2O@CN sample produced 937 μmol g− 1 h− 1 H2, increasing performance by approximately 7.5-fold. Furthermore, this study aimed to contribute to a more environmentally friendly and sustainable approach by using lactic acid as a sacrificial material to facilitate hole consumption. In addition to photocatalytic activity, the antioxidant properties of the photocatalysts were evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) free radical scavenging method, and composition-dependent radical scavenging efficiencies were determined.
Real-world comparison of short-term adverse events, treatment persistence, and efficacy of semaglutide and tirzepatide: A nationwide multicenter study
(Karger, 2026) Hepşen, Sema; Haymana, Cem; Ertepe Küçükgöde, Gizem; Özcan, Büşra; Özbaş, Burak; Or Koca, Arzu; Aydoğan, Berna İmge; Tura Bahadır, Çiğdem; Salman, Serpil; Sönmez, Alper
Introduction: Real-world data directly comparing the safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of semaglutide and tirzepatide in patients with obesity remain limited. This nationwide multicenter observational study compared short-term adverse events, treatment discontinuation, body weight loss (BWL), and metabolic outcomes between the two treatments. Methods: This study included 2,549 patients with obesity treated with semaglutide (n=1,434) or tirzepatide (n=1,115). Adverse events, including time to onset, dose at occurrence, and related discontinuation, were evaluated. Changes in BWL and metabolic parameters up to 6 months were assessed. Subgroup analyses were performed in patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Results: At least one adverse event occurred in 50.9% in the semaglutide group and 51.0% in the tirzepatide group (p=0.524), with gastrointestinal events the most frequently reported. Overall adverse event rates were comparable between groups; however, musculoskeletal and allergic reactions were more common in the tirzepatide group. The onset of gastrointestinal, neuropsychiatric, musculoskeletal symptoms, and hypoglycemia occurred earlier in the tirzepatide group. Discontinuation due to adverse events was similar between groups, except for pancreatic events, which were more frequent in the semaglutide group (p=0.006). Tirzepatide was associated with greater early BWL at all time points. At 6 months, median percentage BWL was 12.6% with semaglutide and 14.4% with tirzepatide. HbA1c reductions were comparable between groups in patients with T2DM. Conclusion: In real-world clinical practice, semaglutide and tirzepatide show similar short-term tolerability and treatment persistence, although tirzepatide is associated with a higher incidence of musculoskeletal and allergic reactions and greater early BWL.
