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Yayın The effect of maternal period nutritional status on oro‑sensorial fat perception and taste preference in rats(Springer, 2023) Günalan, Elif; Karagöz, Meyli Ezgi; Cıvaş, Cihan Civan; Bilgin, Volkan Adem; Erdoğan, Cihan Süleyman; Güven, Aylin; Yılmaz, Bayram; Gemici, BurcuCD36 and GPR120 play an important role in the perception and preference for fat-rich food consumption. We aimed to investigate the relationship between oro-gustatory perception of lipids, fatty taste preference, and maternal (Gestation+Lactation)- maturation period nutrition status in ofspring Sprague–Dawley rats. In our study, mother rats were fed with control (C) or high-fat diets (HFD) during gestation (21 days) and lactation (21 days) periods. After weaning, the ofspring were fed with control (C) or high-fat diets (HFD) during the maturation (120 days) period. Daily calorie intake and weekly body weight measurements were monitored. Two-bottle preference (TBPT) and licking tests measured the fat perceptions and preferences. Plasma levels of insulin, leptin, glucose, and triglyceride were measured. The protein and mRNA expressions of CD36 and GPR120 in the circumvallate papillae (CVP) were determined. The 48 h TBPT results revealed that maternal HFD-exposed ofspring rats signifcantly preferred 2% rapeseed oil solution regardless of the type of maturation diet. According to the licking test, C/C group (C diet exposed group in maternal and maturation periods) ofspring licked 0.1% oleic acid-containing water more than C/HFD (C diet exposed in maternal period and HFD exposed group in maturation period) and HFD/HFD group. (HFD exposed group in maternal and maturation periods) groups. Plasma insulin and leptin concentrations signifcantly increased in HFD/HFD groups compared to C/C group. CD36 protein expressions were signifcantly lower in HFD/ HFD than C/HFD and HFD/C groups. GPR120 and GNAT3 mRNA expressions in HFD/C group were signifcantly higher than in C/HFD group. Our results suggest that HFD exposure during maternal and maturation period may play a role in fat perception/preference through oral lipid sensors.Yayın The effects of maternal high fat diet on the lingual CD36 lipid sensors of the offspring sprague dawley rats(Elsevier, 2021) Günalan, Elif; Karagöz, Meyli Ezgi; Yılmaz, Bayram; Gemici, BurcuBackground: Recent studies have demonstrated that CD36 lingual fat sensor has a vital role in fat sensation and high fat diet (HFD) causes dysfunctions in oro-gustatory lipid sensors. Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of HFD during maternal and /or maturation period on lingual CD36 expression in offspring rats. Methods: Initially, female Sprague Dawley rats were familiarized to experimental diets. After the mating period, pregnant rats were fed with control (C) and HFD during the maternal period. Then, offsprings in each group were fed with C and HFD during the maturation period (120 days). Daily caloric intake and weekly weight measurements of the offspring rats were followed. The plasma insulin and leptin levels were determined with ELISA. Blood glucose and triglyceride levels were measured. The protein and mRNA expressions of CD36 in the circumvallate papillae (CVP) were determined by western blotting, immunofluorescence, and RT-PCR. Also, alpha-gustducin was used as taste marker. Results: According to biochemical measurements, HFD/HFD group offsprings have significantly increased plasma insulin and leptin concentrations compared to C/C group (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). CD36 protein expressions in CVP were significantly lower in HFD/HFD than C/HFD and HFD/C groups (p<0.05). Consistently, CD36 in taste buds had weak immunofluorescence signal in HFD/HFD group. However, mRNA transcripts level of CD36 in HFD/HFD group were significantly higher than C/HFD group (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study suggests that HFD exposure during both maternal and/or maturation period may affect the expression of lingual taste sensor level.Yayın Evaluation of body mass index and related lifestyle factors among 14-17-year-old Turkish adolescents(Kare Publishing, 2021) Günalan, Elif; Okan Bakır, Binnur; Balı, Rabia; Tanrıöver, Özlem; Gemici, BurcuObjective: During adolescence, unhealthy body weight status is considered as a global concern as it may lead to adverse health consequences in adulthood, therefore evaluation of the risk factors is crucial. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of adolescents under the risk of being underweight, overweight, and obese among 14-17-year-old Turkish adolescents. In addition, we examined the association between unhealthy body weight categories and lifestyle factors. Methods: This study was designed as cross-sectional study which included body weight status and associated parameters of 1561 adolescents aged between 14 and 17 who were registered 25 different high schools in Istanbul, Uskudar. Height and body weight of participants were measured and related factors were obtained through a questionnaire. Differences in distributions were analyzed using the Chi-square test and to control confounding factors, multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed. As statistical significance limit of p<0.05 was determined. Results: Body mass index (BMI) percentile analyses indicated that 3.6% of participants were underweight, 14.3% were overweight, and 13.8% were obese. We demonstrated that age, gender, and school types were statistically very significantly associated with BMI (p<0.001) and daily meal frequency, eating speed, and mealtime regularity were significantly related with BMI (p<0.05). In addition, according to multivariate analysis results, gender and school types were closely related with obesity among 14-17-year old Turkish adolescents. Conclusion: This study has been demonstrated that frequency of adolescent obesity in Istanbul, Turkey, has increased and obesity closely related to gender and type of school. Further educational and interventional studies should be organized in this region with consideration of relevant risk factors.Yayın Fat restriction at various developmental periods cause different modulations on the lingual fatty acid binding proteins(Elsevier, 2021) Günalan, Elif; Yılmaz, Bayram; Gemici, BurcuBackground: The origin of food preferences can be associated withearly food experience and lingual fatty taste receptors have a vitalrole in fat sensation. Objective: To determine the effect of fatrestriction during maternal and/or maturation periods on oro-sensoral perception of fats, fatty taste preference and expression ofCD36 and GPR120 in circumvallate papillae of male offspringSprague Dawley rats. Methods: In our study, rats were exposed tocontrol diet (C)(13% energy-from-fat) and low-fat diet (LFD)(3%energy-from-fat) during the gestation- lactation (21 days-21 day)and maturation (120 days) periods. Experimental groups were C/C(n=6), C/LFD (n=8), LFD/C (n=6) and LFD/LFD (n=8). Animalweight, energy and fat intake of the offsprings were followed duringthe study. The fat perception of the rats were measured bybehavioral tests. The plasma insulin and leptin levels weredetermined with ELISA. Blood glucose and triglyceride levels weremeasured by metabolic analyzer. The protein and mRNA expressionsof CD36 and GPR120 in the circumvallate papillae were determinedby western blotting, immunofluorescence, and RT-PCR. Results: Thisstudy has demonstrated that C/LFD group rats have significantlyincreased preference to 2% rapeseed oil solution than C/C group(pb0.05). Consistently, lingual CD36 and GPR120 expressions aresignificantly lower in C/LFD group (pb0.05). In addition, LFDadministration during maternal period in LFD/C and LFD/LFD groupscaused to significantly increased expression of lingual CD36 andGPR120 (pb0.05). Conclusion: This study has been contributed toidentify the developmental dysregulations of the oro-sensoralsignaling pathways and abnormal fatty taste perception.
