Cold atmospheric plasma for dental CAD/CAM materials: Bleaching efficacy and a preventive approach to discoloration

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dc.authorid0000-0002-3682-3733
dc.authorid0009-0007-1673-8850
dc.authorid0000-0002-5036-1336
dc.authorid0000-0003-1974-9719
dc.authorid0000-0002-9762-2265
dc.contributor.authorÖzdemir, Gizem Dilara
dc.contributor.authorIrmak, Şeyma Ecem
dc.contributor.authorKış, Büşra
dc.contributor.authorBağış, Bora
dc.contributor.authorErcan, Utku Kürşat
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-25T09:36:22Z
dc.date.available2026-07-25T09:36:22Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.departmentFakülteler, Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Klinik Bilimler Bölümü, Protetik Diş Tedavisi Ana Bilim Dalı
dc.description.abstractTooth bleaching is a common aesthetic dental procedure, traditionally per formed using hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ). With the growing use of dental prosthetic materials, their discoloration and aesthetic maintenance have become increasingly important. How ever, conventional bleaching methods may be ineffective or may compromise their surface properties. This study evaluates the bleaching efficacy of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) on stained computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) prosthetic mate rials: CEREC (a feldspathic glass ceramic) and Cerasmart (a nanohybrid ceramic in a resin matrix). Samples were stained with coffee to simulate clinical discoloration. Optimization studies identified 10 min as the optimal CAP exposure time. Three bleaching protocols were tested: 35% H2 O2 alone, CAP alone, and CAP co-activated with 35% H2 O2 . Results showed that CAP alone achieved comparable bleaching to the combined method for Cerasmart, while CEREC showed slightly better results with the combined treatment. CAP treatment also reduced restaining compared with H₂O₂ alone. CAP pretreatment had a preventive effect against discoloration, particularly Cerasmart. Surface analyses revealed minimal roughness changes in Cerasmart, whereas CEREC showed increased roughness. Bacterial adhesion was not adversely affected by CAP. Overall, CAP presents a promising alternative to conventional bleaching methods, offering effective whitening with minimal impact on surface properties and microbial behavior.
dc.identifier.citationÖzdemir, G. D., Irmak, Ş. E., Kış, B., Bağış, B., & Ercan, U. K. (2026). Cold atmospheric plasma for dental CAD/CAM materials: Bleaching efficacy and a preventive approach to discoloration. Plasma Medicine , 15(3), pp. 53-70. https://doi.org/10.1615/PlasmaMed.v15.i3.30
dc.identifier.doi10.1615/PlasmaMed.v15.i3.30
dc.identifier.endpage70
dc.identifier.issn1947-5764
dc.identifier.issn1947-5772
dc.identifier.issue3
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105042483779
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ3
dc.identifier.startpage53
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1615/PlasmaMed.v15.i3.30
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13055/1563
dc.identifier.volume15
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.institutionauthorBağış, Bora
dc.institutionauthorid0000-0003-1974-9719
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherBegell House Inc.
dc.relation.ispartofPlasma Medicine
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subjectPlasma Medicine
dc.subjectDental Materials
dc.subjectBleaching
dc.subjectDiscoloration
dc.subjectPretreatment
dc.titleCold atmospheric plasma for dental CAD/CAM materials: Bleaching efficacy and a preventive approach to discoloration
dc.typeArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication

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