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Editorial for special issue of deep brain stimulation
(Elsevier, 2026) İşler, Cihan; Değirmenci, Yıldız; Kocabıçak, Ersoy
Dear Colleagues, We are pleased to present the special issue consisting of selected topics that were presented at the fifth Clinical Neuroscience Course held in Atlas University, between 8 and 11 December, 2022. The course was organized by the national Deep Brain Stimulation Society of Turkiye, which is a chapter of the Deep Brain Stimulation Society.
Professional grief and the second victim experience in neurosurgery: An international cross-sectional study on professional sustainability and educational implications
(Elsevier, 2026) Şanlıer, Nafiye; Flora Göy, Defne; Sulaimanov, Umid; Moniri, Ariorad; Akbaş, İbrahim Halil; Ismayilova, Gular; Demir, Hüseyin; Öztürk, Öykü; Nizzola, Mariagrazia; Hatipoğlu Majernik, Gökçe
OBJECTIVE Adverse events are inevitable in neurosurgical practice and may have significant emotional and professional implications for surgeons. While second victim experiences have been increasingly recognized, the role of professional grief remains insufficiently characterized within the field of neurosurgery. This study aimed to examine professional grief as a component of the second victim experience and its associations with distress, support dimensions, educational needs, and professional sustainability. METHODS We conducted an international, cross-sectional, anonymous web-based survey among neurosurgeons and neurosurgical trainees. Professional grief related to a personally impactful adverse event was assessed retrospectively using the Professional Bereavement Scale-Short-term Bereavement Reactions Subscale (PBS-Acute); scores therefore reflect retrospectively recalled acute grief responses rather than contemporaneously measured reactions. Second victim dimensions were evaluated with the Second Victim Experience and Support Tool-Revised (SVEST–R). Associations among grief severity, second victim dimensions, and professional sustainability indicators were analyzed using correlation and multivariable regression. RESULTS Of 465 respondents from 49 countries, 314 completed the survey and were included in the analysis. A total of 240 participants (76.4%) reported a personally impactful adverse event. Professional grief severity was substantial among respondents (PBS-Acute mean 37.9 ± 13.8) and was strongly correlated with psychological distress (ρ = 0.71, p < 0.001). Higher grief severity was independently associated with increased turnover intention (β = 0.026, p < 0.001). Perceived preventability and primary surgeon role were associated with higher grief severity, while event timing and seniority were not. Supervisor support was inversely associated with grief severity. Participants reported substantial unmet educational needs related to medicolegal processes, communication with patient families, and grief coping skills. CONCLUSIONS Among surveyed neurosurgeons who described a personally impactful adverse event, professional grief was frequently reported. Professional grief in this sample was associated with second victim experiences, psychological distress, and indicators of professional vulnerability. These cross-sectional associations suggest that professional grief may warrant consideration in structured educational models and tiered support systems within neurosurgical training and institutional practice. Prospective work is needed to clarify the direction and durability of these relationships and their implications for professional sustainability.
Laparoscopic resection–rectopexy with natural orifice specimen extraction (NOSE): In a male with recurrent internal rectal prolapse—A video vignette
(Wiley, 2026) Arslan, Çiğdem; Yıldırım, Yasemin; Ermeç, Elif Diler; Erenler Bayraktar, İlknur
Laparoscopic sigmoid resection and suture rectopexy (LRR) is a well- established option for overt rectal prolapse; however, evidence for its role in internal rectal prolapse (IRP) and obstructed defecation syn drome (ODS) remains limited, and the potential impact on functional and sexual outcomes—particularly in young males—often prompts caution [1–3].
HIV Infection HIV/AIDS in Türkiye: Current challenges and strategic solutions
(Springer Nature Link, 2026) Başarı Omak, Tuğçe; Seydaliyeva, Aytan; Madran, Bahar; Önal, Uğur; Ertürk Şengel, Buket; Tükenmez Tigen, Elif; Sayın Kutlu, Selda; Turan, Janet M.; Korten, Volkan; Ergönül, Önder
Purpose of Review This review aims to present the current status of the HIV epidemic in Türkiye, to identify the barriers to achieving the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 95–95–95 targets, and to propose strategies to overcome these challenges. Recent Findings In Türkiye, HIV-related diagnostic and treatment services are integrated into the general health insurance system, and most contemporary antiretroviral therapy (ART) are available.Treatment initiation and virological suppression rates that approach international targets. However, challenges remain in early diagnosis and prevention, particularly among key populations. Recent epidemiological data also indicate a marked increase in HIV diagnosesamong women and young people while stigma, discrimination, limited access to testing, and low awareness among both the public and healthcare professionals continue to hinder progress. Summary Controlling the HIV epidemic in Türkiye requires strengthening early diagnosis, ensuring equitable access to ART, expanding prevention strategies such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), and implementing multisectoral approaches to reduce stigma and discrimination. Coordinated actions among policymakers, healthcare providers, and community stakeholders will be critical for achieving national and global HIV targets.
Highlights
● The number of HIV cases in Türkiye is increasing, with a notable rise among women and young people.
● According to ECDC 2024 data, Türkiye and Poland together reported 70% of all cases in the subregion.
● Reporting on the transmission route is lacking both in Türkiye and Poland.
● Awareness on HIV testing is low among the population and health care professionals.
● Access to HIV testing is limited.
● Access to the newest ART regimens is delayed.
● Among people living with HIV, refugees and irregular migrants are not covered by the national health insurance system.
Long-term microbiome and clinical effects of a microbiome-guided personalized diet versus low-FODMAP diet in irritable bowel syndrome: A 12-month follow-up randomized controlled trial
(Taylor & Francis, 2026) Tunalı, Varol; Arslan, Çiğdem; Derviş Haki̇m, Gözde; Gündoğdu, Aycan; Ermi̇ş, Beyza Hilal; Hora, Mehmet; Nalbantoğlu, Özkan Ufuk
Dietary therapy is central to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) management, yet the long-term durability of the low-FODMAP diet (LFD), and of microbiome-guided personalization, remains unclear. We assessed the long-term clinical and gut-microbiome effects of a microbiome-guided personalized diet (PD) compared with a standard LFD in adults meeting Rome IV criteria for IBS. In this multicenter, open-label randomized controlled trial with blinded outcome assessment, participants who completed a 6-week dietary intervention (PD or LFD) were followed at 6 and 12 months without further dietary intervention. Outcomes included the IBS Severity Scoring System (IBS-SSS), IBS Quality of Life (IBS-QOL), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS); gut microbiota were profiled by 16S rRNA sequencing. Longitudinal changes were evaluated using linear mixed-effects models, responder analyses, PERMANOVA, and PERMDISP. Both diets reduced IBS-SSS at 6 weeks. PD maintained symptom improvement at 6 and 12 months (−82.0 and −78.3 points from baseline), whereas LFD benefits regressed by 12 months (+29.3 points; between-group p = 0.001). At 12 months, IBS-SSS responder rates were higher with PD than LFD (62.5% vs 34.5%; absolute risk difference +28.0%, 95% CI 4.2–47.7; Fisher p = 0.029), and IBS-QOL, HADS-anxiety, and HADS-depression showed more favourable trajectories with PD. PD was associated with sustained Shannon alpha-diversity gains (+0.488 at 6 weeks; +0.205 at 12 months; both p < 0.01). A modest between-group beta-diversity difference at 6 months (R2 = 0.035; p = 0.011) was not significant at 12 months. This hypothesis-generating follow-up suggests more durable benefit with PD; larger trials powered for long-term clinical and microbiome outcomes are warranted.
