Temel Tıp Bilimleri Bölümü Koleksiyonu

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13055/59

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Manuel tıp manuel terapi fonksiyonel diyagnoz ve manipülasyon teknikleri
(Ankara Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri, 2025) Nazlıkul, Hüseyin; Ural Nazlıkul, Fatma Gülçin
Bu kitabın yazılması sürecinde, manuel tıbbın mesleki gelişimimdeki yerini ve öne mini bir kez daha derinlemesine anlama fırsatı buldum. Fizik tedavi ve rehabilitasyon alanında uzmanlaşmış bir akademisyen olarak, kas-iskelet sistemi hastalıklarında başarı lı olmanın, bu alanın inceliklerini anlamak ve uygulamakla mümkün olduğunu gördüm. Bu farkındalığımı, manuel tıpla ve nöralterapi ile tanışmama ve bu disiplinleri kazandı ğım bilgi birikimine borçluyum. Klasik tıpta segmental fonksiyon bozukluklarını ve bunların ilgili organlarla ilişkisini çoğu zaman göz ardı ediyorduk. Oysa manuel tıpla doğru tanı koymanın ve hastaya do kunarak muayene yapmanın ne kadar etkili olduğunu fark ettim. Artık basit bir halluks valgus gibi durumlarda dahi radyolojik görüntülerden çok, hastaya dokunmanın önemi ni daha iyi anlıyorum. Basit bir ortopedik problemde dahi hastaya dokunarak muayene yapmak, pek çok sorunun kaynağını hemen ortaya koyabiliyor. Manuel tıp, eklemler, kaslar ve bağ dokular üzerinde elle yapılan tanı ve tedavi yöntem lerini içerir. Bu yaklaşım, hareket sistemindeki fonksiyonel bozuklukların giderilmesine ve ağrının azaltılmasına odaklanır. Nöralterapi ise vücudun sinir sistemini düzenleyerek, ağrı ve fonksiyon bozukluklarını tedavi etmeyi amaçlar. Bu iki yöntemin kombinasyonu, birçok durumda hastaların daha hızlı iyileşmesini sağlar ve tedavi sürecini daha etkili hale getirir. Almanya’da katıldığım ileri düzey manuel tıp ve nöralterapi eğitimleri, mesleğimdeki bakış açımı zenginleştirirken, manuel tıbbın sadece bir tedavi yöntemi değil, aynı zaman da bir hekimlik sanatı olduğunu anlamama vesile oldu. Sevgili hocam Wolfgang von Hey mann, 2019 yılında aramızdan ayrıldı. Onunla birlikte Hüseyin Nazlıkul ile başladığımız bu değerli projeyi tamamlayarak hekimlerle buluşturmak, benim için bir onur kaynağıdır.
Long-term effects of neural therapy in fibromyalgia – A retrospective multicenter analysis effectiveness of neural therapy in patients with fibromyalgia
(Salient Visionary Publications, 2025) Ural Nazlıkul, Fatma Gülçin; Nazlıkul, Hüseyin; Özkan, Neslihan; Acarkan, Tijen; Tamam, Yusuf; Orak, Murat; Bilgin, Mehmet Dinçer
Background: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic pain condition associated with widespread musculoskeletal discomfort, persistent fatigue, and diminished quality of life. Many patients show limited response to conventional treatments. Neural therapy (NT), a core modality of regulatory medicine, aims to restore autonomic balance and modulate inflammatory reflexes through targeted injections of local anesthetics. Objective: This retrospective multicenter study evaluates the long-term effectiveness of NT in 565 patients with treatment resistant fibromyalgia who previously failed to respond adequately to standard therapies. Methods: Data were collected from five neural therapy clinics between 2017 and 2024. Standardized outcome measures were assessed at baseline, immediately post-treatment, and at 3, 6, and 12 months: Pain intensity: Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Disease burden: Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) Quality of life: Short Form-36 (SF-36), including subdomains (physical function, pain, energy/fatique, social function, general health perception) Statistical analysis employed the Friedman test for repeated measures. Results: VAS scores dropped from a mean of 8.5 to 1.9 post-treatment and remained below 3.0 over 12 months. FIQ scores decreased from a baseline mean of 78.1 to 18.6 and remained significantly improved (mean 24.9 at 12 months). SF-36 physical function increased from 33.5 to 82.0, with sustained gains at all follow-ups. Social functioning, general health perception, pain and vitality domains showed similar sustained improvements. The treatment completion rate was 92.9%, indicating high tolerability and patient satisfaction. Conclusion: Neural therapy produced significant and sustained improvements in pain, physical functioning, energy, and social participation in fibromyalgia patients. Its multimodal effects—autonomic modulation, anti-inflammatory action, and improved microcirculation—support its use in integrative and regulatory pain medicine. This study presents strong evidence for neural therapy as an effective, safe, and cost-efficient option in patients with resistant fibromyalgia. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings and establish standard treatment protocols.
Integrative neural therapeutic approach for migraine with aura – A case report
(Pubtexto Publishers, 2025) Ural Nazlıkul, Fatma Gülçin; Nazlıkul, Hüseyin; Acarkan, Tijen
This case report presents the clinical course of a 37-year-old female patient diagnosed with migraine with aura, who experienced significant and sustained symptom relief following neural therapeutic interventions. The patient had a long-standing history of recurrent, unilateral, pulsating headaches, often preceded by visual aura symptoms such as scintillating scotoma, and accompanied by nausea, photophobia, and phonophobia. Previous pharmacological treatments provided only limited and temporary relief and were associated with side effects. A structured, integrative therapeutic protocol was initiated, comprising neural therapy with 1% procaine administered segmentally at cervical ganglia (C2/C3), the stellate ganglion, tonsillar region, trigeminal pathways, and relevant vegetative-reflex zones. The treatment focused on modulation of the autonomic nervous system and regulation of possible interference fields. After just two sessions, the patient reported a marked reduction in attack frequency and improvement in vegetative symptoms, with further improvement following a total of four sessions. Complementary interventions included a migraine diary to identify individual triggers, nutritional optimization, stress reduction, and patient education to improve early aura recognition and preventive action. Notably, the patient was able to discontinue acute medication use without recurrence of intense episodes, and her quality of life improved substantially. This case underscores the value of neural therapy as a safe, efficient, and individualized approach in managing migraine with aura. The observed therapeutic effects are attributed to autonomic regulation, stabilization of neuroimmunological networks, and treatment of interference fields such as chronic tonsillitis. Importantly, neural therapy allowed for medication sparing and enhanced patient compliance without systemic adverse effects. These findings support the integration of neural therapy into a holistic, patient-centered strategy for chronic migraine conditions. It provides an alternative for patients who seek non-pharmacological treatment options and demonstrates promising potential in reducing migraine burden long-term.
Investigating impostor syndrome among postgraduate anatomy students
(Galenos Publishing House, 2025) Ok, Fatma; Karip, Burak; Nteli Chatzioglou, Gkionoul; Temizsoy Korkmaz, Fulya; Yiğit, Mehmet
Background: Impostor syndrome (IS) is marked by persistent self-doubt and the fear of being perceived as a fraud, even in the presence of clear accomplishments, and it notably affects high-achieving individuals. This study examined IS prevalence and associated factors among postgraduate anatomy students in Türkiye. Materials and Methods: Using the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale, 79 participants were surveyed to assess IS levels alongside demographic and psychiatric variables. Results: The results revealed that 39.2% of participants exhibited frequent impostor feelings (FIF) or intense impostor experiences (IIE). Notably, individuals with psychiatric conditions had significantly higher IS levels, with 64.7% classified in the FIF category and 17.6% in IIE, compared to those without psychiatric issues, who predominantly fell into lower IS categories (p<0.05). No statistically significant associations were observed between IS and demographic variables, including gender, marital status, or education level. However, individuals with no income were overrepresented in the IIE category, aligning with findings from studies suggesting a link between socioeconomic status and heightened IS levels. Conclusion: This study underscores the prevalence of IS in postgraduate students within a demanding academic discipline and highlights its association with psychiatric conditions. Increasing awareness of IS, particularly in high-stress, perfectionist professions such as academia, is critical. Such efforts can improve recognition, provide targeted interventions, and mitigate IS’s impact on individual well-being and professional performance.
Surgical anatomy of the distal part of the dorsal scapular nerve with a focus on the triple-tendon transfer
(Wiley, 2025) Çelikgün, Beyza; Gayretli, Özcan; Gürses, İlke Ali; Coşkun, Osman; Kale, Aysin
Introduction: A review of the literature shows that most studies of the dorsal scapular nerve (DSN) have focused on morphological evaluation of the proximal part of the nerve. Morphometric studies contributing to clinical applications are limited. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the topographic and morphometric anatomy of the distal part of the DSN. Methods: 13 cadavers in the Department of Anatomy, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, were examined bilaterally. DSN dissection was performed on the anterior surface of the levator scapulae and rhomboids, and the distance to the medial border of the scapula (MBS) was recorded at different levels. The insertion lengths of the levator scapulae and rhomboids were also measured. Results: Two types of DSN were observed according to the level of termination in the muscle. Contrary to its classical course, the nerve ran laterally to the MBS on the four sides. The shortest distance between the nerve and the MBS was at the level of the superior border of the rhomboid minor (4.46 ± 9.88 mm). The insertion lengths of the levator scapulae and rhomboids according to gender and the insertion length of the rhomboid minor according to the level of termination in the muscle were significant. Discussion: We have obtained results that may be useful during Eden–Lange tendon transfer. The DSN is not always located medial to the MBS, it may be located lateral to it. To avoid nerve damage, we believe it is important to identify the nerve on the anterior surface of the muscles for a successful surgery.
Anatomical features of the superior vesical artery and its relationship with neighboring arteries
(Springer Nature Link, 2025) Toklu, Elif; Gayretli, Özcan; Sağlam, Latif; Şahan, Orhun; Kara, Erdoğan; Coşkun, Osman
Background The superior vesical artery (SVA) is one of the important arteries that supply the urinary bladder. This study aimed to investigate anatomical features of the SVA, its morphometric relationships with neighboring arteries. Methods Totally, 102 (52 male and 50 female) fresh cadavers were dissected. The lengths of the common iliac artery (LCIA) and the internal iliac artery (LIIA) were measured. The distances between the umbilical and the frst superior vesical arteries (UmbA-First SVA), and the umbilical and the last superior vesical arteries (UmbA-Last SVA) were calculated. The distance between the uterine and the frst superior vesical arteries (UA-First SVA) was measured. The measurements were conducted in millimeters using the ImageJ software program. Results The mean LCIA was 60.75±15.03 mm on the right and 61.96±16.17 mm on the left. The mean LIIA was 34.19±14.33 mm on the right and 32.02±14.58 mm on the left. The number of SVA ranged from 1 to 4. The mean UmbA First SVA and UmbA-Last SVA were 14.59±13.80 mm and 31.12±17.47 mm for the right, respectively. Additionally, the mean UmbA-First SVA and UmbA-Last SVA were 13.87±13.06 mm and 35.90±18.26 mm for the left, respectively. A statistically signifcant diference was found for UmbA-First SVA according to gender and for UmbA-Last SVA according to sides. Lastly, the mean UA-First SVA was 18.05±9.26 mm on the right and 23.39±13.47 mm on the left. Conclusion The results of the study may guide clinicians in bladder-focused pelvic surgeries, oncological treatments, endo vascular operations, and interventional radiologic treatments.
Comprehensive classification of variations of the anterior part of the circle of willis in fresh cadavers anterior communicating artery
(Galenos Publishing House, 2025) Nteli Chatzioglou, Gkionoul; Nas, Emine; Kale, Ayşin; Aktaş, Kardelen; Coşkun, Osman; Gayretli, Özcan
Objective: The goal of our study is to evaluate and classify the variations of the anterior communicating artery (AComA) on fresh cadavers from the Türkiye population. Methods: In this study, 182 fresh cadavers were analysed and classified according to the number, shape and course of the AcomA. Results: In our study, typical AcomA was the most common with a rate of 86 (47.25%), while variations of the AcomA were found in the remaining 96 (52.75%) cases. Among these variations, in 11.46% (11/96) of cases, AcomA variations were identified as distal and proximal duplications according to the number of branches they represented; 68.75% (66/96) of cases were identified by their shape (X-shaped, single/double fenestration, hypoplasia, or aplasia); and, in 19 cases, it was characterized by course (median artery or oblique course). The rate of variations was 65% (26/40) in females and 49.29% (70/142) in males. In our study, the X-shaped and single fenestration variations were recorded as the most common. Conclusions: The results of the study are important for cerebrovascular surgery and radiological interventions. It emphasises the importance of recognising and considering variations. The study will contribute to the understanding of cerebrovascular diseases and the development of treatment strategies.
Comprehensive analysis of brewed tea: Boron content, total antioxidant and oxidant capacity, oxidative stress, and ph value
(Springer Nature Link, 2025) Cihan, Aslıhan; Özel Korlu, Armağan Begüm; Tüzüner, Burcin Alev; Yarat, Ayşen
Tea is widely recognized as the most consumed beverage in the world after water. In recent years, the connection between tea and health has gained growing attention as a signifcant research topic. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between tea and health by analyzing the boron content, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant capacity (TOC), oxidative stress index (OSI), and pH levels of teas commonly consumed in Türkiye. A total of 42 samples were created from various tea brands and diferent tea types that are widely consumed in Türkiye. The determination of boron in pulverized and brewed tea samples was carried out using the carminic acid method. Additionally, boron transfer was determined in brewed teas. Brewed tea samples were also examined in terms of pH, TAC, TOC, and OSI. It was determined that all teas contained an average of 11.73 mg/L boron, the amount of boron in domestic teas was lower than in imported teas. It was determined that boron transfer into brewed tea was approximately 30%. The pH values ranged between 4–5. No diferences were detected in terms of TAC, TOC, and OSI. Our research shows that tea consumption is safe in terms of boron levels and helps meet daily needs. The OSI of teas is less than 1, so their antioxidant efects can be considered quite good. However, it should be noted that excessive tea consumption can lead to the demineralization of tooth enamel due to low pH levels.
CYB5R4 gene methylation as a potential epigenetic marker for ovarian cancer
(SAGE Publications, 2025) Gönç, Ayşegül; Şükrüoğlu Erdoğan, Özge; Kılıç Erciyas, Seda; Çelik Demirbaş, Betül; Dinç, Ahmet; Pasin, Özge; Saip, Pınar; Yazıcı, Hülya; Tunçer, Şeref Buğra
Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a significant health problem often diagnosed at an advanced stage due to the lack of early symptoms and effective screening methods. This study aimed to explore the role of CYB5R4 gene methylation as a potential biomarker for ovarian cancer. Methods: DNA isolation was performed in the blood samples of 387 ovarian cancer patients, 50 individuals with benign ovarian diseases, and 100 healthy controls. The CYB5R4 gene methylation status was evaluated using the Methyl-Specific Restriction Enzymes (MSREs) technique and methylation levels were compared between the groups. Results: Ovarian cancer patients exhibited the highest mean methylation percentage (9.45%) and median (6.23%), followed by healthy controls with a mean of 9.14% and a median value of 4.47%. Statistical analysis showed significant differences in methylation levels (P=.041), suggesting that CYB5R4 methylation may be associated with ovarian cancer progression. Conclusion: The CYB5R4 gene methylation may serve as a potential biomarker for ovarian cancer, particularly in distinguishing between malignant and benign conditions. Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore the clinical utility of CYB5R4 methylation in ovarian cancer management.
Anatomy based computer assisted evaluation for aesthetic new navel formation
(Springer Nature Link, 2025) Gövsa, Figen; Nteli Chatzioglou, Gkionoul; Biçer, Ahmet; Gökmen, Gökhan
Background This study aimed to determine the typical position and shape of the umbilicus among young individuals to guide the repositioning of the new umbilicus during abdominoplasty. Methods Standardized photographs of 63 young volunteers were analyzed to evaluate parameters such as the vertical and horizontal positions, length, ratio, and shape of the umbilicus. The study also established the mathematical relationships between the umbilicus and nearby anatomical structures like the xiphoid process, pubic symphysis, anterior superior iliac spine, iliac crests, and body mass index (BMI) to identify the ideal geometric shapes and positions. In two patients with abdominal skin sagging, abdominoplasty was performed with a new umbilicus designed according to these anatomical measurements. Results The umbilici were categorized by shape: vertical oval with superior hooding (29%), round (27%), vertical lozenge (21%), and protruded (11%). Ratios between anatomical points were measured, such as the ratio of the distance between the xiphoid process and the upper edge of the umbilicus to the distance between the lower edge of the umbilicus and the sym physis pubis, which was 1.64±0.40. Post-operative evaluation emphasized achieving a xiphoid-umbilicus/pubic symphysis ratio of 1.6:1 for the new umbilicus, with an aesthetically ideal ratio considered to be 1:1. A strong correlation was found between BMI and all umbilical ratios. Conclusions The most aesthetically pleasing navel position aligns with the golden ratio between xiphoid and umbilicus compared to the umbilicus and abdominal crease. Weight control is also crucial in achieving optimal belly aesthetics.
Osseous anatomy of the distal radius: A morphometric analysis of external groove and bony ridge
(Springer Nature Link, 2025) Ok, Fatma; Çelikgün, Beyza; Nteli Chatzioglou, Gkionoul; Ertaş, Ahmet; Coşkun, Osman
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the presence and morphological and morphometric characteristics of the distal radius's external groove (EG) and bony ridge, which play a potential role in the pathogenesis and treatment difficulties of De Quervain's tenosynovitis. Methods: The osseous anatomy of the distal radius was analyzed in detail on a total of 103 dry bone specimens (49 left and 54 right) obtained from the Department of Anatomy, Istanbul University, Turkiye. The frequency and morphology of the EG were analyzed. The EGs were categorized as Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3 with two EGs, one EG with depth, and an additional EG without depth, respectively. Finally, flat areas without clear groove boundaries were classified as Type 4. Results: The analyses showed variations in the morphology and dimensions of the EG and bony ridge. A total of 110 EGs were detected in 103 radii examined. Type 1, Type 2, Type 3 and Type 4 EGs were reported in 30 bones (30%), 38 bones (38%), 12 bones (12%) and 23 bones (23%), respectively. The depth of the EG of Type 1 was 0.26 ± 0.23 mm and 0.22 ± 0.16 mm on the lateral and medial sides, respectively. Also, the depth of the Type 2 was calculated as 0.49 ± 0.37 mm. Conclusion: The osseous variations of the distal radius are critical anatomical factors contributing to the pathogenesis of De Quervain's tenosynovitis and difficulties in the treatment process. It is essential to recognize these variations to improve diagnostic accuracy and optimize therapeutic interventions.
Variations in the course of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve and their importance in surgical procedures: An experimental cadaveric study
(The Polish Otolaryngology, 2023) Nteli Chatzioglou, Gkionoul; Sarı, Elif; Gayretli, Özcan; Coşkun, Osman; Öztürk, Adnan; Gürses, İlke Ali
Introduction: Injury of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve can cause a hoarse or weak voice due to the functional loss (dysergia) of the cricothyroid muscle. Defining the anatomical variations of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve and estimating their frequency are crucial for surgical interventions. Aim: To reveal the topography of the external branch in the Anatolian population, to prevent injury of it during the surgical intervention in the anterior neck region. Material and methods: 26 bilateral hemilarynges (4 females, 22 males) were dissected. The morphometric and morphological features of the external branch were examined. The obtained results were compared statistically, left and right. Results: Landmarks such as the thyroid gland and laryngeal prominence were determined for the detection of the external branch. The variations of the course of the external branch and the points of piercing the cricothyroid muscle or inferior pharyn geal constrictor muscle were evaluated. Discussion: Although safe approaches have been described for nerve protection during neck surgeries, injuries may occur during preliminary surgery as the mentioned nerve is thinner and more superficial than other branches of the vagus nerve. However, it can be detected more easily and safely by knowing the defined anatomical landmarks and morphological varia tions of the external branch. Conclusion: The anatomical variations described can be a safe and important guide in surgeries of the anterior neck region.
A comprehensive morphological and morphometric study of the spinoglenoid notch and ligament/ membrane: Possible clinical relevance of suprascapular nerve entrapment
(Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine, 2025) Coşkun, Osman; Gürses, İlke Ali; Gayretli, Özcan; Kale, Ayşin; Kına, Adnan; Usta, Ahmet; Şahinoğlu, Kayıhan; Öztürk, Adnan
Objective: This study aimed to determine the anatomical fea tures and clinical significance of the spinoglenoid notch and spinoglenoid ligament-membrane as well as the branches of the suprascapular nerve to the infraspinatus muscle as these struc tures may cause compression of this nerve. Material and Methods: Fifty sides (25 right and 25 left) were studied on 26 fixed cadavers belonging to the Department of Anatomy, İstanbul University, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine. The suprascapular nerve branches to the infraspinatus muscle and spinoglenoid ligament-membrane were examined in cadavers, and the spinoglenoid notch was investigated in 50 dry scapulae. Result: The suprascapular nerve had two branches to the in fraspinatus muscle in 22 cadavers on 37 sides (74%) and three branches to this muscle in 11 cadavers on 13 sides (26%). On 31 sides the spinoglenoid membrane and on 19 sides the spinoglenoid ligament were observed. Related to the spinoglenoid notch, the mean width was 17.17±2.17 mm, and the mean depth was 17.45±2.03 mm in calliper measurements on dry bones, while the mean width was 16.99±1.88 mm, the mean depth was 17.73±2 mm and the mean area was 282.04±55.27 mm² in com puted tomography measurements. Conclusion: The presented data regarding the spinoglenoid notch in which the suprascapular nerve is frequently compressed and the branches of the suprascapular nerve to the infraspinatus muscle may guide the surgical treatment of the related entrap ment syndrome.
The morphological and morphometric examination of the asterion in terms of surgical approaches to the posterior cranial fossa
(Pera Yayıncılık, 2025) Coşkun, Osman; Yiğit, Mehmet; Çelikgün, Beyza; Ok, Fatma; Ertaş, Ahmet; Gayretli, Özcan
Objective: The asterion is an important cranial anatomical landmark used in surgical approaches to the posterior cranial fossa, which is one of the most complex and surgically challenging regions of human anatomy due to the density of neurovascular structures. This study aims to examine the morphological and morphometric variations of the asterion to determine its preoperative localisation and help neurosurgeons reduce possible complications by providing an understanding of the detailed anatomy of the asterion in surgical approaches applied in posterior cranial fossa pathologies. Methods: In our study, adult human dry skull specimens (44 intact, 104 hemi skulls) with unknown demographic data were analysed. The asterions were first examined morphologically and categorised into two classifications. These classifications were based on the presence of wormian bone and the distance from the Frankfurt horizontal plane (FHP). Morphometric measurements were based on anatomical landmarks in the human skull. The landmarks used in the measurements were the lambda (L), FHP, the root of the zygomatic arch (RZA), the tip of the mastoid process (TMP), Henle’s spine (HS), external occipital protuberance (EOP), basion (B), opisthion (O) and porion (P). Results: The morphological classification of the asterions was examined. Type 1 and Type 2 were determined as 13.02% and 86.98%, respectively, according to the presence of the wormian bone. In the classification, according to the distance to the FHP, Type 1 was 9.90%, Type 2 was 58.85% and Type 3 was 31.25%. In morphometric measurements, the mean distance of the asterion to L was 85.16 ± 5.64 mm and 84.41 ± 5.43 mm on the right and left sides, respectively. The mean distance of the asterion to the FHP was 13.17 ± 6.81 mm and 14.01 ± 6.96 mm on the right and left sides, respectively. The mean distance of the asterion to the RZA was 56.18 ± 3.58 mm and 56.64 ± 3.69 mm on the right and left sides, respectively. The mean distance of the asterion to the TMP was 49.42 ± 4.16 mm and 48.91 ± 4.03 mm on the right and left sides, respectively. The mean distance of the asterion to HS was 46.15 ± 3.74 mm and 46.69 ± 3.79 mm on the right and left sides, respectively. The mean distance of the asterion to the EOP was 63.19 ± 4.13 mm and 62.71 ± 4.07 mm on the right and left sides, respectively. The mean distance of the asterion to B was 73.50 ± 3.73 mm and 72.96 ± 3.51 mm on the right and left sides, respectively. The mean distance of the asterion to O was 62.46 ± 2.88 mm and 62.23 ± 2.85 mm on the right and left sides, respectively. Finally, the mean distance of the asterion to P was 49.51 ± 3.87 mm and 50.32 ± 3.94 mm on the right and left sides, respectively. Conclusion: The results obtained in our study suggest that the accurate preoperative positioning of the asterion may contribute to reducing complications that may develop in neurosurgeons’ surgical approaches to the posterior cranial fossa.
Clinical exome sequencing (CES) identifies a novel homozygous variant in NECTIN1 causing CLPED1
(Springer Nature, 2024) Yılmaz Güleç, Elif; Budak, Gülden
Clinical exome sequencing (CES) identifies a novel homozygous variant in NECTIN1 causing CLPED1
Localization of the zygomaticotemporal foramen on the zygomatic bone and its relationship with other foramina
(Harran University, 2024) Nteli Chatzioglou, Gkionoul; Nas, Emine; Coşkun, Osman; Kale, Ayşin; Gayretli, Özcan
Background: The zygomaticotemporal foramen (ZTF) is located in the temporal surface of the zygomatic bone. The zygomaticotemporal branch, a zygomatic nerve (V2) branch, passes through it and distributes in the fore head and temporal region. The aim of our study was to determine the frequency of ZTF and its connections with other foramina in the zygomatic bone. Materials and Methods: A total of 171 unilateral zygomatic bones in the Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University were included in our study. The number(s) of ZTF and its relationship with other foramina were determined. The distances between the ZTF and the marginal tubercle and frontozygomatic su ture were measured. Results: A total of 328 ZTFs were found in 171 zygomatic bones. In total, 95 of the 328 ZTFs were found to be connected to other foramina through a canal. The vertical distance between the ZTF and the marginal tubercle as well as the frontozygomatic suture were measured as mean 9.26+2.12mm and 21.78+2.48mm, respectively. The transverse distance from the ZTF and the marginal tubercle was measured as 5.46+1.56mm. Conclusions: he ZTF is an important anatomical component with implications for interventions on the zygomatic bone. The incidence and location of the ZTF may differ between individuals and between one side of the same individual. It has provided plastic surgeons and anaesthetists with detailed anatomical findings for the protec tion of the zygomaticotemporal nerves passing through the relevant foramen and thus at risk of injury.
New insights of cerium oxide nanoparticles in head and neck cancer treatment
(Springer Nature, 2025) Tarakçı, Elif; Esmkhani, Sahra; Bayramova, Jamila; Bilgin, Feride Melisa; Kıdık, Kübra; Adıgüzel, Şevin; Tufan, Yiğithan; Yılmaz, Ahsen Morva; Yazıcı, Hülya; Duygulu, Özgür
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a genetically complex cancer type having treatment difficulties due to affecting multiple organs in complex anatomical sites. Radiotherapy resistance, chemotoxicity, post-surgery disability makes HNC treatment more complicated. Therefore, there is need to developed new treatment approaches. Nanoparticle-based therapies especially cerium oxide nanoparticles with its anti-cancer features, high catalytic activity, anti- or pro-oxidant and radio-protective properties give a boon for HNC treatment. In the current study, two dextran-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles (Dex-CeNPs) namely SD1 and SD2 were synthesized and characterized by using two types of dextran (D1 and D2) having distinct molecular weights and branching characteristics to understand their potential as a new HNC treatment strategy while evaluating the role of dextran type. The effectivity of the SD1 and SD2 on the HNC cell lines (A253, SCC-25, FaDu) were investigated by analyzing their cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation properties. Low IC50 value, high ROS generation and stability profiling of SD2 compared to SD1 indicates the distinct function of dextran type on Dex-CeNPs effectivity on HNC. To better elucidate the effectivity of SD2, flow cytometry analysis and pro-apoptotic (TP53, CASP3, BAX) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) gene expression profiling were investigated in detail. The findings indicate that SD2 exhibits an influence on head and neck cancer cells via the apoptotic pathway. Our research sets the framework for the development of Dex-CeNPs as remarkable nanotherapeutic candidates for treatment of head and neck cancer.
Anatomical relationship between the profunda brachii artery and the radial nerve at the entrance and within the radial groove
(Springer, 2025) Şanlıtürk, Yüsra Nur; Gayretli, Özcan; Zeybek, Nurşen; Öztürk, Adnan
Purpose In this study, it was aimed to examine the relationship between the profunda brachii artery and the radial nerve at the entrance to and within the radial groove considering no comparable study was found in the literature. Method Dissection was performed in 44 upper extremities (21 right and 23 left) of 24 fixed cadavers used for medical edu cation at Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Anatomy. Results Profunda brachii artery was found to be a single artery in 39 extremities and a double artery in 5 extremities. In 27 cases with single PBA, the nerve was located superolateral to the PBA (Type A), and in 8 cases the nerve was located infero medial to the PBA (Type B). In all 5 extremities with double profunda brachii artery, the proximal branch was superolateral (Type A) and the distal branch was inferomedial (Type B). Conclusions This research will support surgeons understanding how to better anatomically and radiologically treat humeral fractures and lateral arm flap applications.
An anatomical investigation regarding the parietal foramen in 174 adult parietal bones
(Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine Publications, 2025) Sağlam, Latif; Allahverdiyev, İrşad; Sordi, Ali Efruz; Öztürk, Adnan
Objective: Investigating all anatomical aspects of the parietal foramen (PF) is essential. This study aimed to examine the anatomical features of the PF. Materials and Methods: A total of 174 dry adult human parietal bones (81 right and 93 left) were carefully examined. The frequency, shape, and direction of the PF were recorded. Measurements included the diameter of the PF (DPF), the distance of the PF to the sagittal suture (DSS), the distance of the PF to the occipital angle (DPO), and the length of the sagittal suture (LSS). Additionally, to determine the topography of the PF (TPF), the LSS/DPO ratio was calculated. The DPF was measured using needles of various diameters, while all distances were measured using a digital caliper. Results: Among the parietal bones, 112 (64.3%) had the PF, while 62 (35.7%) had none. A total of 118 PFs were identified on the 112 bones: 52 on the right side, 58 on the left side, and 8 on the sagittal suture. The foramen was single in 90.7% of cases, double in 6.8%, and triple in 2.5%. The parietal foramen appeared circular in 94.1% and oval in 5.9% of cases. Most foramina were oriented in a posteroanterior direction. The mean measurements for DPF, DSS, DPO, and LSS were 1.7±0.6 mm, 6.81±3.40 mm, 33.81±12.43 mm, and 108.94±6.91 mm, respectively. Additionally, the TPF was approximately 3:1. Conclusion: The data obtained in this study may be important for enhancing the success rate of invasive procedures involving the PF or its adjacent structures, as well as for reducing or preventing complications.
Evaluation of the falx cerebri from the perspective of the fenestra and its possible clinical outcomes
(Istanbul University Press, 2025) Sağlam, Latif; Bayram, Melis; Gayretli, Özcan; Coşkun, Osman; Kale, Ayşin; Öztürk, Adnan
Objective: The human falx cerebri is an important anatomical structure due to the hemispheres it is adjacent to and the dural venous sinuses it contains. It is also an important landmark in determining the midline in the interhemispheric transcallosal ap proach for lateral and third ventricular tumours in neurosurgical practises. Thus, the goal of this cadaveric study was to investi gate the existence, number, and topography of fenestra on the falx cerebri in the Turkish population. Material and Methods: For this study, 60 adult Turkish cadaveric dura maters were examined. The number of falx cerebris and the existence and topography of fenestra on the falx cerebri was de termined. The length and width of the fenestra were measured using a digital compass. Result: All falces cerebrum were single, and no double or triple falx cerebri were observed. There was fenestra on the falx cerebri in five cases (8.3% of all cases), and two of them included multi ple foramina (%40 of all fenestrae). In addition, one fenestra was on the middle part of the falx cerebri, whereas the other was placed on the posterior part of this partition. The mean length and width of these fenestrae were 23.3x7.5 mm. Conclusion: The novel findings documented in this study may be important to increase the success rate of diagnostic and op erative procedures of the falx cerebri or adjacent structures and to minimise intraoperative complications during neurosurgical applications.

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