Selective effect of atmospheric non-thermal plasma on resin cement shear bond strength to glass ceramics

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dc.authorid0000-0003-3751-5393
dc.authorid0000-0002-9762-2265
dc.authorid0000-0002-3682-3733
dc.authorid0000-0003-1974-9719
dc.contributor.authorMustafaoğlu, Emine
dc.contributor.authorErcan, Utku Kürşat
dc.contributor.authorÖzdemir, Gizem Dilara
dc.contributor.authorBağış, Bora
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-26T07:27:10Z
dc.date.available2026-06-26T07:27:10Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.departmentFakülteler, Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Klinik Bilimler Bölümü, Protetik Diş Tedavisi Ana Bilim Dalı
dc.description.abstractStatement of problem The effectiveness of non-thermal plasma (NTP) in improving the bond strength of different resin cements to different glass ceramics under various surface treatment protocols remains unclear. Moreover, the influence of specific plasma devices and the material-dependent response of ceramic–resin cement systems to NTP have not been sufficiently investigated. Purpose The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of NTP on the shear bond strength of different resin cements to different glass ceramics by comparatively assessing multiple surface treatment protocols. Materials and methods A total of 240 specimens of each glass ceramic group (IPS e.max CAD (E), Vitamark II (V)) were divided into 24 groups according to the combination of 6 surface treatments ((control), hydrofluoric acid (HF)+ceramic primer (Pr), Pr, HF+plasma (Pl) + Pr, Pl + Pr, and Pl) and two different resin cements (Single Bond+RelyX Ultimate (R) and ZenitCem (Z)). NTP was applied with an AC microsecond pulse power supply (5 kHz, 20 kV, 90 s). Specimens were cemented to composite cylinders. After storage in an oven, SBS was measured. The results were analyzed using three-way ANOVA, post-hoc tests, and targeted pairwise comparisons, with the significance level set at α = 0.05. The effectiveness of NTP is material- and cement-dependent and should be considered as a selective surface modification strategy rather than a universal alternative to conventional surface treatments. Results The V-Pl-Z group showed significantly higher SBS values than the V-Z group, and these values were within the clinically acceptable range (p < 0.05). In the V groups treated with HF + Pr and HF + Pl+Pr, R demonstrated higher bond strength values than Z. HF surface treatment increased the SBS values for all groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions The effectiveness of NTP is material- and cement-dependent and should be considered as a selective surface modification strategy rather than a universal alternative to conventional surface treatments Clinical significance This study demonstrates that atmospheric non-thermal plasma does not universally enhance ceramic–resin cement bonding. Its effectiveness depends on the ceramic substrate, resin cement type, and surface treatment protocol. Clinicians should therefore apply plasma selectively.
dc.identifier.citationMustafaoğlu, E., Ercan, U. K., Özdemir, G. D., & Bağış, B. (2026). Selective effect of atmospheric non-thermal plasma on resin cement shear bond strength to glass ceramics. BMC Oral Health, 26(1), pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-026-08962-8
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s12903-026-08962-8
dc.identifier.endpage15
dc.identifier.issn1472-6831
dc.identifier.issue1
dc.identifier.pmidPMID: 42323641
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105048975207
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.startpage1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-026-08962-8
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13055/1521
dc.identifier.volume26
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001864329700001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.indekslendigikaynak.otherSCI-E - Science Citation Index Expanded
dc.institutionauthorBağış, Bora
dc.institutionauthorid0000-0003-1974-9719
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherBioMed Central
dc.relation.ispartofBMC Oral Health
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subjectNonthermal Plasma
dc.subjectPlasma Medicine
dc.subjectResin
dc.subjectCeramic
dc.subjectBond Strength
dc.titleSelective effect of atmospheric non-thermal plasma on resin cement shear bond strength to glass ceramics
dc.typeArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication

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