Comparative analysis of artificial intelligence chatbots in orthodontic emergency scenarios: ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, Copilot, and Gemini

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dc.authorid0009-0004-6316-6072
dc.authorid0009-0008-8331-9493
dc.authorid0000-0003-4966-9779
dc.contributor.authorErdem, Buket
dc.contributor.authorÖzcan, Mustafa
dc.contributor.authorŞar, Çağla
dc.date.accessioned2025-10-08T12:49:44Z
dc.date.available2025-10-08T12:49:44Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentFakülteler, Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Klinik Bilimler Bölümü, Ortodonti Ana Bilim Dalı
dc.description.abstractObjectives To evaluate and compare the accuracy of four AI chatbots, ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, Copilot, and Gemini, in response to orthodontic emergency scenarios. Materials and Methods Forty frequently asked questions related to orthodontic emergencies were posed to the chatbots. These questions were categorized as fixed orthodontic treatment, clear aligner treatment, eating and oral hygiene, pain and discomfort, general concerns, retention, and sports and travel. The responses were evaluated by three orthodontic experts using a five-point Likert scale, and statistical analysis was conducted to assess variations in accuracy across chatbots. Results Statistical analysis revealed significant differences among the chatbots. Gemini and ChatGPT-4.0 demonstrated the highest accuracy in response to orthodontic emergencies, followed by Copilot, whereas ChatGPT-3.5 had the lowest accuracy scores. Additionally, the “Fixed Orthodontic Treatment” category showed a statistically significant difference (P = .043), with Gemini outperforming the other chatbots in this category. However, no statistically significant differences were found in other categories. Conclusions AI chatbots show potential in providing immediate assistance for orthodontic emergencies, but their accuracy varies across different models and question categories.
dc.identifier.citationErdem, B., Özcan, M., & Şar, Ç. (2025). Comparative analysis of artificial intelligence chatbots in orthodontic emergency scenarios: ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, Copilot, and Gemini. Angle Orthodontist, pp. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.2319/021825-146.1
dc.identifier.doi10.2319/021825-146.1
dc.identifier.endpage6
dc.identifier.issn1945-710
dc.identifier.issn0003-3219
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.startpage1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.2319/021825-146.1
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13055/1130
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.indekslendigikaynak.otherSCI-E - Science Citation Index Expanded
dc.institutionauthorErdem, Buket
dc.institutionauthorÖzcan, Mustafa
dc.institutionauthorŞar, Çağla
dc.institutionauthorid0009-0004-6316-6072
dc.institutionauthorid0009-0008-8331-9493
dc.institutionauthorid0000-0003-4966-9779
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherEH Angle Education and Research Foundation
dc.relation.ispartofAngle Orthodontist
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subjectArtificial Intelligence
dc.subjectChatbot
dc.subjectOrthodontic Emergency
dc.titleComparative analysis of artificial intelligence chatbots in orthodontic emergency scenarios: ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, Copilot, and Gemini
dc.typeArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication

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