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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13055/6

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Unleashing the hidden potential: The transformative influence of occupational health and safety education on chemical engineers
(Sakarya University, 2025) Dilek, Sümeyye; Özdemir Olgun, Fatoş Ayça
Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) education plays a crucial role in shaping the professional development of chemical engineers, equipping them with the necessary knowledge and skills to ensure workplace safety and prevent occupational hazards. This manuscript presents a comprehensive review of the impacts of OHS education on chemical engineers, focusing on its role in enhancing awareness, knowledge acquisition, and practical application. The study explores the influence of OHS education on promoting a safety culture, improving risk assessment and management practices, and fostering a proactive approach towards identifying and mitigating occupational hazards. It also investigates the effects of OHS education on job satisfaction, professional growth, and career opportunities within the chemical engineering field. By analyzing relevant literature and case studies, this review provides valuable insights into the positive outcomes resulting from integrating OHS education into the curriculum at universities. The findings emphasize the significance of OHS education in cultivating competent and safety-conscious chemical engineers who contribute to sustainable and responsible industrial practices.
A comprehensive morphological and morphometric study of the spinoglenoid notch and ligament/ membrane: Possible clinical relevance of suprascapular nerve entrapment
(Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine, 2025) Coşkun, Osman; Gürses, İlke Ali; Gayretli, Özcan; Kale, Ayşin; Kına, Adnan; Usta, Ahmet; Şahinoğlu, Kayıhan; Öztürk, Adnan
Objective: This study aimed to determine the anatomical fea tures and clinical significance of the spinoglenoid notch and spinoglenoid ligament-membrane as well as the branches of the suprascapular nerve to the infraspinatus muscle as these struc tures may cause compression of this nerve. Material and Methods: Fifty sides (25 right and 25 left) were studied on 26 fixed cadavers belonging to the Department of Anatomy, İstanbul University, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine. The suprascapular nerve branches to the infraspinatus muscle and spinoglenoid ligament-membrane were examined in cadavers, and the spinoglenoid notch was investigated in 50 dry scapulae. Result: The suprascapular nerve had two branches to the in fraspinatus muscle in 22 cadavers on 37 sides (74%) and three branches to this muscle in 11 cadavers on 13 sides (26%). On 31 sides the spinoglenoid membrane and on 19 sides the spinoglenoid ligament were observed. Related to the spinoglenoid notch, the mean width was 17.17±2.17 mm, and the mean depth was 17.45±2.03 mm in calliper measurements on dry bones, while the mean width was 16.99±1.88 mm, the mean depth was 17.73±2 mm and the mean area was 282.04±55.27 mm² in com puted tomography measurements. Conclusion: The presented data regarding the spinoglenoid notch in which the suprascapular nerve is frequently compressed and the branches of the suprascapular nerve to the infraspinatus muscle may guide the surgical treatment of the related entrap ment syndrome.
The impact of unplanned pregnancy on prenatal attachment and subjective happiness
(Ataturk University Publications, 2025) Şahin, Ezgi; Yazıcı, Saadet; Yurtsev, Esra
Objective: Unplanned pregnancies are a major public health problem that causes undesirable socio‐ economic and psychological consequences for women, children and families in both developed and developing countries. This study was carried out to evaluate the impact of unplanned pregnancy on prenatal attachment and subjective happiness. Methods: This analytical cross‐sectional study was conducted with 342 pregnant women who attended the Obstetrics and Gynecology outpatient clinic of a university hospital between July 2022 and October 2022. Data was collected using the Demographic Information Form, London Unplanned Pregnancy Determination Scale, Prenatal Attachment Inventory, and Subjective Happiness Scale. The data was evaluated using descriptive statistics, as well as pearson correlation and regression analyses. Results: Age, number of pregnancies, pregnancy week, feelings experienced upon learning of the pregnancy, and previous pregnancy loss status all appear to have a statistically significant effect on the prenatal attachment and subjective happiness scale (p<.001). Regression analysis results show that prenatal attachment and subjective well being have a statistically significant effect on the London Unplanned Pregnancy Determination Scale (R2 =0.495). Conclusion: It has been found that unplanned pregnancies negatively affect early maternal behavior and individual happiness before birth. Therefore, it is considered important to provide counseling and psychosocial support to all pregnant women in order to bond with motherhood and ensure subjective happiness, along with prenatal education.
Decision making for optimal treatment for patients with periodontitis based on recent classification criteria
(Aydin Adnan Menderes University, 2025) Kütük, Ceren; Parlak, Hanife Merva; Parmaksız, Ayhan; Tarhan, Nermin; Keçeli, Hüseyin Gencay
Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and agreement of clinicians with different education levels and clinical experience in periodontitis diagnosis and treatment planning. Materials and Methods: Depending on the stage, grade, and extent components of periodontitis, a consensus diagnosis and treatment plan document prepared by two experienced periodontists was used as a gold-standard. An anonymous survey including 10 periodontitis cases was given to 15 participants (5 periodontal experts (PE), 5 postgraduate periodontology students (PS), and 5 undergraduate dental students (DS)) and asked them to classify each case depending on the components of the disease and select their treatment plan from a multiple-choice questionnaire including 11 dental treatment options. The accuracy of the responses was detected by referring to the gold-standard and inter-examiner agreement levels were also assessed. Results: Except grade, no significant inter-group difference was found in the periodontitis components and this difference only existed in the PE group (p=0.012). PE group gave more accurate treatment planning responses compared to others. The agreement levels of all examiners for stage, grade, and extent were fair (κ=0.366, 0.222, and 0.287, respectively). Treatment planning showed low agreement (κ<0.31) except tooth extraction option (κ=0.554). Both diagnosis and treatment planning responses showed significant variations amongst groups. Conclusion: Although education level and experience showed superiority in terms of periodontitis diagnosis and treatment planning, the results with low accuracy indicate the need for calibration to reduce the variations and enhance the accuracy.
Localization of the zygomaticotemporal foramen on the zygomatic bone and its relationship with other foramina
(Harran University, 2024) Nteli Chatzioglou, Gkionoul; Nas, Emine; Coşkun, Osman; Kale, Ayşin; Gayretli, Özcan
Background: The zygomaticotemporal foramen (ZTF) is located in the temporal surface of the zygomatic bone. The zygomaticotemporal branch, a zygomatic nerve (V2) branch, passes through it and distributes in the fore head and temporal region. The aim of our study was to determine the frequency of ZTF and its connections with other foramina in the zygomatic bone. Materials and Methods: A total of 171 unilateral zygomatic bones in the Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University were included in our study. The number(s) of ZTF and its relationship with other foramina were determined. The distances between the ZTF and the marginal tubercle and frontozygomatic su ture were measured. Results: A total of 328 ZTFs were found in 171 zygomatic bones. In total, 95 of the 328 ZTFs were found to be connected to other foramina through a canal. The vertical distance between the ZTF and the marginal tubercle as well as the frontozygomatic suture were measured as mean 9.26+2.12mm and 21.78+2.48mm, respectively. The transverse distance from the ZTF and the marginal tubercle was measured as 5.46+1.56mm. Conclusions: he ZTF is an important anatomical component with implications for interventions on the zygomatic bone. The incidence and location of the ZTF may differ between individuals and between one side of the same individual. It has provided plastic surgeons and anaesthetists with detailed anatomical findings for the protec tion of the zygomaticotemporal nerves passing through the relevant foramen and thus at risk of injury.
The effect of patient education in treatment of fibromyalgia: A randomized controlled trial
(Kare Publishing, 2025) Aşık, Hatice Kübra; Demir, Saliha Eroğlu; Özaras, Nihal; Rezvani, Aylin; Aydın, Teoman; Güler, Mustafa; Poşul, Sevde; Poyraz, Emine
Objective: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) can be treated with a variety of pharmaceutical and non-pharmacological approaches. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of patient education and a home exercise program on FMS patients' pain, fatigue, functioning, and quality of life. Materials and Methods: The study included patients who satisfied the American College of Rheumatology's FMS criteria. They were split up into two groups at random. A schedule of at-home exercise was given to both groups. Furthermore, Group 2 patients participated in patient education sessions. At baseline and eight weeks later, both groups underwent examinations. Evaluation criteria included the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) for quality of life, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) for psychological status, the Visual Analogue Scale for pain severity (VASp) and exhaustion (VASf), and the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) for functional status. Results: The primary clinical and demographic characteristics of the two groups were comparable at baseline. Although the values of VASp (p=0.014), VASf (p=0.011), BDI (p=0.043), NHP subscales (p<0.05), FIQ (p=0.012) showed statistically significant improvements in Group 2, only Group 1's FIQ score significantly improved (p=0.027). There were substantial differences in VASp (p=0.026), VASf (p<0.001), BDI (p<0.001), and all NHP subscales except sleep problems, FIQ scores (p=0.036) between the two groups in favor of Group 2 at the end of eight weeks. Conclusion: Patients with FMS should receive patient education in addition to home-based exercise, which is an effective treatment for reducing symptoms, enhancing psychological well-being, and improving quality of life.
Evaluation of the falx cerebri from the perspective of the fenestra and its possible clinical outcomes
(Istanbul University Press, 2025) Sağlam, Latif; Bayram, Melis; Gayretli, Özcan; Coşkun, Osman; Kale, Ayşin; Öztürk, Adnan
Objective: The human falx cerebri is an important anatomical structure due to the hemispheres it is adjacent to and the dural venous sinuses it contains. It is also an important landmark in determining the midline in the interhemispheric transcallosal ap proach for lateral and third ventricular tumours in neurosurgical practises. Thus, the goal of this cadaveric study was to investi gate the existence, number, and topography of fenestra on the falx cerebri in the Turkish population. Material and Methods: For this study, 60 adult Turkish cadaveric dura maters were examined. The number of falx cerebris and the existence and topography of fenestra on the falx cerebri was de termined. The length and width of the fenestra were measured using a digital compass. Result: All falces cerebrum were single, and no double or triple falx cerebri were observed. There was fenestra on the falx cerebri in five cases (8.3% of all cases), and two of them included multi ple foramina (%40 of all fenestrae). In addition, one fenestra was on the middle part of the falx cerebri, whereas the other was placed on the posterior part of this partition. The mean length and width of these fenestrae were 23.3x7.5 mm. Conclusion: The novel findings documented in this study may be important to increase the success rate of diagnostic and op erative procedures of the falx cerebri or adjacent structures and to minimise intraoperative complications during neurosurgical applications.
Mechanical properties of clay/LLDPE and organoclay/LLDPE nanocomposites
(Istanbul Ticaret University, 2024) Günister, Ebru; Ayala Iracheta, Edgar Alejandro
Linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) is widely used in many areas in daily life because it is both light and flexible. In this study, clay/LLDPE and organoclay/LLDPE nanocomposites were obtained by melt intercalation method, incorporating small amounts (1- 5 wt.%) of nanosized clay and organoclay modified with a positively charged salt to enhance the mechanical properties of the polymer. Characterization and mechanical tests showed that the mechanical strength of the composites increased with additive content, though some flexibility was partially lost. FTIR and XRD analyses confirmed that clay and organoclay interacted with polymer chains and dispersed homogeneously. ANOVA results demonstrated that both filler type and concentration significantly influence the mechanical properties, with organophilic organoclay showing superior interaction to the LLDPE matrix compared to hydrophilic clay. Specifically, the addition of 5 wt.% organoclay resulted in increases of 56,67%, 58,73%, and 39,53% in elastic modulus, yield strength, and tensile strength, respectively. Additionally, the observed 5% rise in melting temperature suggests potential for expanding the application range of these nanocomposites to areas requiring thermal stability.
Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health of nursing staff: Qualitative research
(Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 2025) Aydoğdu, Ana Luiza Ferreira
Purpose: To explore the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the physical, psychological, social, and spiritual health of nursing team members and to identify the coping measures adopted by them. Methods: This is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The study involved 42 Brazilian nursing professionals. Data were collected between June and July 2022 and analyzed through content analysis. Results: Three themes identified: (I) Effects of the pandemic on the health of nursing professionals, (II) Major difficulties faced by nursing professionals during the pandemic, and (III) Protection measures adopted by nursing professionals during the pandemic. Also, eleven sub-themes emerged. Participants stated that the COVID-19 pandemic affected their physical, psychological/mental, social, and spiritual health. The lack of material and human resources, increased demand and professional devaluation, social distancing, facing death, insufficient information and the lack of social commitment were cited as the main problems faced by the participants. Nursing professionals resorted to different measures to protect their health. Conclusion: The health of nursing professionals was significantly impacted during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was determined that nursing professionals and health institutions need to be better prepared to face crises. Continuing education should be developed to train nursing staff for future outbreaks better. Health administrators and nurse managers play key roles in safeguarding the physical and psychosocial health of nursing staff by ensuring adequate and high-quality personal protective equipment, offering occupational health training, and establishing psychosocial support programs.
DPPH antioxidant assays, molecular docking studies and ADMET predictions of some 4-chloromethyl substituted coumarin compounds
(Adıyaman Üniversitesi, 2024) Özgül Artuç, Gamze
Coumarins and their derivatives, which are secondary metobalites of many plants, are heterocyclic bioactive compounds with various biological properties. Due to these properties, the synthesis of various derivatives and the investigation of their properties are of great interest. 4- (chloromethyl)-7-hydroxy-5-methyl coumarin (1), 4-(chloromethyl)-7-hydroxy-8-methyl coumarin (2), and 4-(chloromethyl)-7-hydroxy coumarin (3) synthesized by Pechmann condensation reaction and characterized by FT-IR, NMR spectral data and elemental analysis data. The antioxidant capacities of the compounds were investigated by difhenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenger assay using the UV-Vis spectrophotometric method. The interactions of the compounds with ROS-producing cytochrome P-450, xanthine oxidase, lipooxygenase, monoamine oxidase, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase enzymes were investigated by molecular docking. All compounds interacted well in the active binding site of most of the enzymes (about 6-8 kcal/mol). The pharmacokinetic and toxicokinetic properties of the compounds, indicating their potential as drug candidates, were analyzed by ADMET predictions. All the results obtained showed that the compounds have properties that could be drug candidates.
Colorectal cancers and microsatellite instability
(Türk Radyasyon Onkolojisi Derneği, 2025) Esmkhani, Sahra; Emrem, Mustafa; Şahin, Ali; Babayev, Hüseyn; Zeyneloğlu, Can; Ardıçlı, Sena; Yazıcı, Hilal; Yazıcı, Hülya
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multifactorial disease arising from the complex interplay between genetic predisposition and environmental influences. Despite its widespread incidence globally, CRC demon strates favorable prognostic outcomes when detected at an early stage. Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a common molecular abnormality associated with colorectal tumorigenesis. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the molecular mechanisms, clinical implications, therapeutic approaches, and immune system interactions in MSI-associated CRC (MSI-CRC). Molecular changes include DNA slippage, dysfunction in the DNA mismatch repair (dMMR) system, and genetic/epigenetic factors that contribute to MSI. Clinically, MSI-CRC is characterized by distinct phenotypic features, including associations with Lynch syndrome, specific diagnostic methodologies, and prognostic relevance. The therapeutic landscape highlights the promising efficacy of immunotherapies and targeted treatments, particularly in dMMR–MSI-H-CRC. Immune dynamics within the tumor microenvironment (TME) reveal patterns of immune infiltration, immune evasion strategies, and opportunities to enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapy. Understanding these interrelated aspects is critical for developing tai lored therapeutic strategies and improving patient outcomes in MSI-CRC
Comparison of stem cell CD45/34 fluorescence intensity with stem cell mobilization in patients under and over 65 years of age
(2024) Meriç, Neslihan; Parmaksız, Ayhan; Gülbaş, Zafer
In our research, we attempted to compare CD45/34 MFI (Mean Fluorescent Intensity) in patients younger and over 65 years of age with hematopoietic stem cell mobilization (HSCM).The research involved a group of 76 individuals who had different types of cancer and were identified at the Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) Unit of Anadolu Medical Center Hospital from 2015 to 2016. To mobilize HSCs, participants were administered daily granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) (10 µg/kg/day) under the skin for 7-8 days. Calculating the appropriate level of peripheral blood (PB) CD34+ took into account the patients' WBC (White Blood Cell) counts. Our research revealed that HSCM patients above 65 had statistically greater CD45/34 MFI values than those under that age. Although the age factor for HSCM is important, according to our findings, age is not seen as a negative mobilization factor for HSCM in patients aged 65 and over, and should be supported by larger studies. Our research revealed that patients over 65 who underwent HSCM had statistically greater CD45/34 MFI values than younger patients. Given the decline in SC production observed in individuals aged 65 and above, along with the potential for other accompanying diseases, our results hold promise for elderly patients. However, it is important to validate these findings through multicenter studies with a larger patient population, while also taking into account the presence of other subsequent diseases in the patients under observation.
Komplike olmayan üriner sistem enfeksiyonlarında lokal antibiyotik direncinin çok merkezli taranması: 37 merkezden 1850 hasta
(Ankara Microbiology Society, 2024) Cinislioğlu, Ahmet Emre; Cinislioğlu, Nazan; Öztürk, Metin İshak; Akkaş, Fatih; Aksakallı, Tugay; Atilla, Mustafa Kemal; Atiş, Gökhan; Aydın, Hasan Rıza; Balcı, Uğur; Bayrak, Ömer; Bedir, Selahattin; Biçer, Hüseyin; Çevik, Gökhan; Çift, Ali; Çiftçi, Halil; Coşkun, Burhan; Demirdöğen, Şaban Oğuz; Demirkol, Mehmet Kutlu; Dinçer, Murat; Doğan, Ahmet Emin; Dursun, Murat; Erdemir, Fikret; Erkan, Anıl; Eryıldırım, Bilal; Görür, Sadık; Hızlı, Fatih; Kadıhasanoğlu, Mustafa; Kalkan, Senad; Karabulut, İbrahim; Keskin, Mehmet Zeynel; Kızılay, Fuat; Köse, Osman; Küçük, Eyüp Veli; Odabaş, Öner; Oksay, Taylan; Özbey, Isa; Şefik, Ertuğrul; Sönmez, Mehmet Giray; Tek, Mesut; Tuğlu, Devrim; Tuncay, Ömer Levent; Usta, Mustafa Faruk; Yılmaz, Sercan; Kadıoğlu, Ateş
Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin yedi farklı coğrafi bölgesinde komplike olmayan üriner sistem enfeksiyonu tanısı olan hastalardan elde edilen ayaktan üriner izolatlara göre en sık izlenen patojenleri tespit etmek ve bu patojenlere karşı kullanılan antibiyotiklerin direnç oranlarının coğrafi bölgelere göre anlamlı farklılık gösterip göstermediğini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Mart 2021 ile Ağustos 2022 arasında, Türkiye genelindeki 37 farklı merkezde yapılan tetkikler sonucunda komplike olmayan üriner sistem enfeksiyonu tanısı koyulan ve pozitif idrar kültürleri olan 18 ile 65 yaş arası hastalar çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan merkezler, idrar kültürlerinin verilerinin standardizasyonunu sağlamak için mikrobiyoloji laboratuvarlarında Avrupa Antimikrobiyal Duyarlılık Test Komitesi tarafından disk difüzyon yöntemini kullanan merkezlerden seçilmiştir. Bu çalışmaya, dahil edilme kriterlerine uyan toplam 1850 hasta dahil edilmiştir. Escherichia coli izolatlarının antibiyotik direnç oranlarının dağılımının analizi, ampisilin, fosfomisin ve nitrofurantoin dirençlerinde coğrafi bölgelere göre istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı farklılıkların olduğunu saptamıştır (sırasıyla p< 0.05, p< 0.05, p< 0.05). Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi fosfomisin ve trimetoprimsülfametoksazol direncinin en yüksek olduğu bölge olarak tespit edilmiştir (sırasıyla; %27.4 ve %35.3). Bunun yanı sıra nitrofurantoin direncinin en yüksek olduğu bölge %35.7 oranıyla Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi ve siprofloksasin direncinin en yüksek olduğu bölge %51 oranıyla İç Anadolu Bölgesi olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma, komplike olmayan üriner sistem enfeksiyonlarının tedavisinde kullanılan antibiyotiklere direncin coğrafi bölgelere göre farklılık gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Bu kapsamlı, ulusal prospektif araştırmanın, komplike olmayan üriner sistem enfeksiyonu için ampirik tedavi planlayan klinisyenlere değerli öngörüler sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Babaların aşılar hakkında bilgi ve tutumlarını etkileyen faktörler
(Galenos Yayınevi, 2024) İnce, Tolga; Altun, Büşra Bilgeşen; Totur, Gülberat; Baysal, Serpil Uğur
Amaç: Aşılar, çocukluk çağı enfeksiyon hastalıklarını önlemede en etkili araçlardır. Ebeveynlerin aşılar hakkındaki bilgi ve tutumları, aşılanma oranlarını etkileyen temel faktörlerden biridir. Anneler hakkında çok sayıda çalışma olmasına karşın babaların aşılar konusunda bilgi ve tutumlarını inceleyen çalışmalar sınırlıdır. Çalışmamızın amacı, babaların ülkemizde uygulanan aşılar hakkındaki bilgi ve tutumlarını değerlendirerek aşılanmaya yaklaşımlarını belirlemek ve aşı karşıtlığına dair görüşleri öğrenmektir. Yöntem: Mayıs-Temmuz 2022 tarihleri arasında çocuk polikliniğine başvuran babaların aşılarla ilgili bilgi ve tutumlarını değerlendiren kesitsel ve analitik bir çalışmadır. Etik kurul onayı alındıktan sonra babalara sosyo-demografik bilgiler, gelir, eğitim düzeyi, çocuk sayısı, babaların aşı tutumu, bilgi düzeyi ve rutin dışı aşı düşüncelerini içeren anket formu uygulanarak aşılar hakkındaki bilgi ve tutumları değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan babaların %33’ü aşılar hakkındaki bilgi düzeyinin iyi olduğunu düşünse de babaların %14,1’inin çocuklarına uygulanan aşıları, %23’ünün aşıların hangi zamanlarda yapıldığını bilmediği bulundu. Babaların büyük çoğunluğu aşılar hakkında bilgi kaynağı olarak sağlık kuruluşlarını ve hekimleri kullanıyordu. Babaların %17,3’ü bugüne kadar çocuklarına aşı yaptırma konusunda en az bir kez kararsızlık yaşadığını belirtirken, aşı reddeden baba yoktu. Aşı kararsızlığının en sık nedeni (%78,1) aşı yan etkisi korkusu bulundu. Anne babanın eğitim düzeyi arttıkça, babaların çocukluk çağı aşıları konusunda olumlu düşüncelerinin arttığı görülmüştür. Sonuç: Aşılama, toplum sağlığını korumada önemli bir rol oynar. Ailelere doğru bilgi sağlanması, aşı karşıtlığını azaltmak ve aşı oranlarını artırmak için önemlidir. Sağlık çalışanlarının güvenilir bilgi sunması, ailelerin aşılara olumlu yaklaşımını ve aşı oranlarını artırma konusunda etkili bir faktördür
Comparison of classical and heuristic methods for solving engineering design problems
(2024) Tanrıver, Kürşat; Ay, Mustafa
This paper presents an innovative application of the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm to optimize engineering problems, specifically on welded beams and pressure vessels. A simulation study was conducted to evaluate the performance of the new ACO algorithm, comparing it with classical optimization techniques and other heuristic algorithms previously discussed in the literature. The algorithm was executed 20 times to obtain the most efficient results. The best performance outcome in the welded beam simulation was 1.7288, achieved after 540 iterations using 1000 ants, with a computation time of 6.27 seconds. Similarly, the best performance result in the pressure vessel simulation was 5947.1735, obtained after 735 iterations using 1000 ants and completed in 6.97 seconds. Compared to similar results reported in the literature, the new ACO algorithm demonstrated superior performance, offering an outstanding solution. Additionally, users can utilize this new ACO algorithm to quickly acquire information about welded beam design and prefabrication through simulation.
Phenylsulfonylpiperazines as α-Glucosidase enzyme inhibitors: Design, synthesis, DFT calculations, docking and ADME studies
(Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi, 2024) Buran, Kerem; İnan, Yiğit; Akyüz, Gülşah Selin; Dervişoğlu Özdemir, Celile; Kocabaş, Fatih
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common diseases affecting people all over the world. An important treatment for DM is the inhibition of the α-glucosidase enzyme. A wide range of biological activities of piperazine and sulfonamide moieties are known. In this study, five phenylsulfonyl piperazine derivatives were synthesized. Their inhibitory capacities were evaluated. The analogues (1-5) showed a good degree of inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme. Compound 1 has the highest inhibition potential for the α-glucosidase enzyme. Its inhibition percentages (83.52±0.41) were higher than the reference molecule quercetin (81.41±0.02). In silico molecular docking studies were performed for the most potent compound 1 for α-glucosidase enzyme to determine possible protein-ligand interactions. Furthermore, a DFT study was carried out for the evaluation of the quantum mechanical and electronic properties. Finally, ADME profiles of the compounds were theoretically analyzed.
Detection of virulence factors of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from the urinary system and evaluation of antibiotic resistance
(MediHealth Academy Yayıncılık, 2024) Turan, Deniz; Gürler, Bülent
Aims: Enterococci, which are among the leading causes of nosocomial infections, are opportunistic pathogens and cause urinary tract infections most frequently. The frequency of isolation increases especially in patients with urinary system anomalies or urological interventions. Although various virulence factors play a role in the pathogenesis of infections caused by enterococci, cytolysin, hemolysin and enterococcal surface protein (ESP) are among the frequently investigated virulence factors. In this study; It was aimed to investigate the relationship between the presence of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance in Enteroccus faecalis (E. faecalis) strains isolated from urine samples, as well as the effect of urinary catheter use on these factors. Methods: 100 strains isolated from urine samples sent to İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine Medical Microbiology Laboratory and identified as E. faecalis with the VITEK 2 (biomerioux-France) GP identification kit were included in the study. Hemolysin and gelatinase, virulence factors, were determined phenotypically. The presence of the ESP gene was investigated by PCR using ESP11 and ESP12 primers. Antibiotic sensitivities were studied by disk diffusion and gradient strip methods, and the results were evaluated in accordance with CLSI and EUCAST recommendations. Results: Antibiotic resistance rates were found to be 2%, 31%, 1%, 22%, 37% for ampicillin, norfloxacin, nitrofurantoin, high-level gentamicin (HLG) and high-level streptomycin (HLS), respectively, while no strains resistant to vancomycin, linezolid and tigecycline were detected. When evaluated in terms of virulence factors; It was determined that 82% of the strains produced gelatinase, 67% produced ESP, and 35% produced hemolysin. No virulence factor was detected in eight strains. Conclusion: In our study, no significant relationship was found between the presence of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance and catheter application. However, since the most detected gelatinase and ESP are virulence factors that have the ability to colonize and form biofilms on abiotic surfaces, it is thought that minimizing catheterization practices may contribute to the prevention of UTIs that may develop with enterococci.
Farklı dental tarayıcı teknolojilerinin doğruluklarının değerlendirilmesi: In-Vitro çalışma
(7tepe Klinik, 2024) Ayvalıoğlu Şamiloğlu, Demet Çağıl; Beydili, Serra Nur
GİRİŞ ve AMAÇ: Diş hekimliğinde dijital teknolojinin kullanımı CAD/ CAM sistemlerinin hayatımıza girmesiyle son yıllarda oldukça artmıştır. CAD/CAM sistemleri ile bir iş akışı ağız içi tarayıcılarla direkt veya masaüstü tarayıcılarla indirekt yöntem ile başlayarak takip edilebilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, tam ark dişli çenelerde masaüstü tarayıcı ve ağız içi tarayıcıların doğruluklarının değerlendirilmesidir. YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Tam ark dişli çene modelinde yer alan kanin ve molar dişleri üzerinde, ISO standartları çerçevesinde, dört adet 6 mm çapında negatif küre oluşturulmuştur. Standart ışıksız ortamda, model, Dijital Şerit Projeksiyon Teknolojisi, Aktif Triangulasyon ve Konfokal Mikroskopi teknolojilerine sahip tarayıcılar ile firmanın önerdiği tarama protokolleriyle 20 kez taranarak dijitalize edilmiştir. Kontrol grubu, referans dijital data, endüstriyel tarayıcı (Solutionix C500, MEDIT) ile elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen tüm dijital data, 3 boyutlu (3B) analiz yazılım programı ile değerlendirilmiştir (Geomagic studio 2015; 3D Systems Inc., Almanya). Normal dağılan veriler için tek yönlü ANOVA ve post hoc Bonferroni testi, normal dağılmayan veriler için Bonferroni, Kruskal-Wallis testi ile değerlendirilmiştir (α=0,05). BULGULAR: Tam ark dişli model taramalarının doğruluğu, masaüstü tarayıcı ve ağız içi tarayıcıların tipine bağlı olarak anlamlı farklılık göstermiştir (p˂0,05). Her iki ağız içi tarayıcı arasında tarama doğruluğu bakımından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p˂0,05). TARTIŞMA ve SONUÇ: Tam ark taramalarda dijital sistemlerin kullanılması klinik olarak kabul edilebilir sonuçlar göstermektedir.
Overexpression of CDC25A, AURKB, and TOP2A genes could be an important clue for luminal a breast cancer
(Galenos Publishing House, 2024) Kaya, Murat; Abuaisha, Asmaa; Süer, İlknur; Alptekin, Melike Sultan; Abanoz, Fahrünnisa; Emiroğlu, Selman; Palanduz, Şükrü; Cefle, Kıvanç; Öztürk, Şükrü
Objective: Breast cancer (BC) is highly heterogeneous and one of the most common cancers. Luminal A (LUM A) is a subtype of BC with a better prognosis than other BC subtypes. The molecular mechanisms underlying the initiation and progression of the LUM A subtype are still unclear. Big data generated from microarray and sequencing systems can be re-analyzed, especially with the help of various in silico tools developed in recent years, and made applicable for in vitro and in vivo research. This work aimed to identify genes that may play a role in the progression of LUM A subtype of BC using both computational and laboratory-based methods. Materials and Methods: Overlapping genes associated with BC were identified from the The Cancer Genome Atlas database, GSE233242, GSE100925 geodata sets, and the geneshot tool. The network functional analysis between overlapping genes was determined with STRING 12.0. Expression levels of overlapping genes in BC were investigated with the TNMplot (https://tnmplot.com/analysis/) in silico tool. The effect of overlapping genes on the overall survival of LUM A cancer patients was defined using the Kaplan-Meier plotter tool. Expressions of genes identified using bioinformatics data were investigated via quantitative real-time -polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in LUM A tumor and adjacent tissue samples. The data were evaluated using the t-test. Both the sensitivity and specificity of selected genes have been determined using the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results: In silico investigation showed that eleven genes were possibly associated with BC. Among them CDC25A, AURKB, and TOP2A were considerably increased in LUM A samples according to qRT-PCR results. An overall survival analysis also showed that overexpression of these three genes could reduce the overall survival of LUM A patients. Conclusion: The genes CDC25A, AURKB, and TOP2A may play crucial functions in LUM A pathogenesis. Therapeutic strategies that diminish the expression of these connected genes may enhance the prognosis of LUM A patients.
Self-regulation and psychological resilience as predictors of the academic self-efficacy of university students
(2024) Sayın Kılıç, Mine; Erduran Tekin, Özge; Keçeci, Berra
The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of the self regulation and psychological resilience levels of university students on their academic self-efficacy. The sample of the correlational study consisted of a total of 520 university students, 414 female and 106 male. The Self-Regulation Scale, the Brief Resilience Scale, and the Academic Self-Efficacy Scale were used to collect data. In the study, independent groups t-test was applied to determine the differences between genders regarding the variables, Pearson Correlation Analysis was applied to examine the correlation between variables, and Hierarchical Regression Analysis was applied to examine its prediction. It was determined that the psychological resilience levels of the participants varied based on their genders, while their self-regulation and self-efficacy levels did not differ based on the gender variable. Self-regulation and psychological resilience were found to be associated with academic self-efficacy, where self-regulation and psychological resilience together predicted academic self-efficacy.

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