Synergistic cytotoxicity of bentonite–zeolite 4A nanocomposite in human melanoma cells

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dc.authorid0000-0001-6295-211X
dc.authorid0000-0002-0163-5097
dc.authorid0000-0002-5187-378X
dc.authorid0000-0002-9155-621X
dc.authorid0000-0003-3058-9971
dc.contributor.authorDuman, Nilay
dc.contributor.authorEvcin, Atilla
dc.contributor.authorÇelik, Sefa
dc.contributor.authorOraloğlu, Göktürk
dc.contributor.authorCaner, Ayşe
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-09T15:53:00Z
dc.date.available2026-04-09T15:53:00Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.departmentFakülteler, Tıp Fakültesi, Dahili Tıp Bilimleri Bölümü, Deri ve Zührevi Hastalıklar Ana Bilim Dalı
dc.description.abstractThe cytotoxic effects of bentonite and zeolite 4A nanoparticles (NPs), as well as their nanocomposite (NC), were investigated in human melanoma (G361) cells. Although both materials have demonstrated anticancer potential, their effects on melanoma remain insufficiently explored. This study aimed to evaluate the cellular responses induced by bentonite and zeolite 4A NPs, individually and in combination, in G361 cells. Methods: Physicochemical characterization was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). IC₅₀ values were determined for bentonite NPs, zeolite 4A NPs, and the NC. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay, while apoptosis was evaluated through caspase-3 activity measured by ELISA. Results: All treatments exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity in melanoma cells. Notably, the NC demonstrated a strong synergistic interaction, enhancing cytotoxic effects and enabling reduced effective concentrations. Despite the pronounced cytotoxicity observed in the NC group, no significant increase in caspase-3 activity was detected compared to control. These findings suggest the involvement of caspase-independent cell death mechanisms, particularly necrotic or non-classical apoptotic processes. Conclusion: The bentonite/zeolite 4A nanocomposite exerts synergistic cytotoxic effects in melanoma cells. While the results highlight its therapeutic potential, further mechanistic studies are required to clarify the underlying pathways prior to clinical translation.
dc.description.sponsorshipAfyon Kocatepe University Scientific Research Foundation (18. FEN.BIL.09) provided financial support for the conduct of the research. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Vakfı (18. FEN.BIL.09) araştırmanın yürütülmesi için mali destek sağlamıştır.
dc.identifier.citationDuman, N., Evcin, A., Çelik, S., Oraloğlu, G., & Caner, A. (2026). Synergistic cytotoxicity of bentonite–zeolite 4A nanocomposite in human melanoma cells. Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, pp. 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2026.2630760
dc.identifier.doi10.1080/15569527.2026.2630760
dc.identifier.endpage7
dc.identifier.issn1556-9527
dc.identifier.issn1556-9535
dc.identifier.pmidPMID: 41755665
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105031574379
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ3
dc.identifier.startpage1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2026.2630760
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13055/1389
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001703325300001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.indekslendigikaynak.otherSCI-E - Science Citation Index Expanded
dc.institutionauthorOraloğlu, Göktürk
dc.institutionauthorid0000-0002-9155-621X
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherTaylor & Francis
dc.relation.ispartofCutaneous and Ocular Toxicology
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.subjectBentonite
dc.subjectZeolite
dc.subjectNanoparticles
dc.subjectNanotechnology
dc.subjectMelanoma
dc.subjectCytotoxicity
dc.titleSynergistic cytotoxicity of bentonite–zeolite 4A nanocomposite in human melanoma cells
dc.typeArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication

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