Trace determination of heptachlor in soil samples by Toner@CuFe2O4 nanocomposites based microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

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dc.authorid0000-0001-8220-7096
dc.authorid0009-0006-1790-2491
dc.authorid0000-0003-2303-0408
dc.authorid0000-0001-9746-3682
dc.contributor.authorDoru, Esra Sultan
dc.contributor.authorAli, Büşra
dc.contributor.authorSerbest, Hakan
dc.contributor.authorBakırdere, Sezgin
dc.date.accessioned2026-05-17T12:49:26Z
dc.date.available2026-05-17T12:49:26Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.departmentFakülteler, Mühendislik ve Doğa Bilimleri Fakültesi, Kimya Mühendisliği Bölümü
dc.description.abstractIn this paper, a green, sensitive, and accurate analytical method was described for the determination of heptachlor at low levels in the GC-MS system. In this context, the preconcentration of heptachlor was achieved by applying the dispersive solid-phase microextraction (DSPME) method prior to the separation and quantification in the GC-MS system. Toner@CuFe₂O₄ nanocomposites were synthesized by the hydrothermal synthesis method and used as the sorbent for the first time in literature. Under the optimal conditions determined by the univariate optimization approach, the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were found to be 0.61 µg kg⁻¹ and 2,0 µg kg⁻¹, respectively, and the sensitivity of the GC-MS system was enhanced by 68.5-fold. The applicability of the Toner@CuFe₂O₄-DSPME-GC-MS system was assessed by spiking tests applied to soil samples. The recovery results in the range of 93.2% and 105.7% obtained by applying the matrix matching calibration strategy proved the feasibility of the method. The Eco-scale and BAGI tools developed for green and analytical applicability assessment gave scores of 85 and 65, respectively, confirming that the method is environmentally friendly and analytically applicable.
dc.identifier.citationDoru, E. S., Ali, B., Serbest, H., & Bakırdere, S. (2026). Trace determination of heptachlor in soil samples by Toner@CuFe2O4 nanocomposites based microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Scientific Reports, https://doi.org/10.1038/ s41598-026-52527-2
dc.identifier.doi10.1038/ s41598-026-52527-2
dc.identifier.issn2045-2322
dc.identifier.pmidPMID: 42129314
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1038/ s41598-026-52527-2
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13055/1481
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.indekslendigikaynak.otherSCI-E - Science Citation Index Expanded
dc.institutionauthorAli, Büşra
dc.institutionauthorid0009-0006-1790-2491
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherNature Research
dc.relation.ispartofScientific Reports
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subjectHeptachlor
dc.subjectPesticide
dc.subjectMicroextraction
dc.subjectNanocomposite
dc.subjectGas Chromatography
dc.titleTrace determination of heptachlor in soil samples by Toner@CuFe2O4 nanocomposites based microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
dc.typeArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication

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