Unveiling the interplay of EBV, HSV-1, and ınflammatory biomarkers in psychiatric disorders

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dc.authorid0000-0002-3802-3270
dc.authorid0000-0003-3012-1252
dc.authorid0000-0002-3710-4706
dc.authorid0000-0002-2491-6270
dc.authorid0000-0003-0456-8333
dc.authorid0000-0002-4858-8777
dc.authorid0000-0002-3474-3668
dc.authorid0000-0002-2764-1823
dc.authorid0000-0001-7397-6539
dc.contributor.authorAkgül, Özer
dc.contributor.authorDemirel, Ömer Faruk
dc.contributor.authorTosun, İlker
dc.contributor.authorKavla, Yasin
dc.contributor.authorKırkpınar, Mehmet Murat
dc.contributor.authorSapmaz, Burcu
dc.contributor.authorŞenyiğit, Gülçin
dc.contributor.authorÇalışkan, Reyhan
dc.contributor.authorÖner, Yaşar Ali
dc.date.accessioned2025-11-04T16:40:21Z
dc.date.available2025-11-04T16:40:21Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentFakülteler, Tıp Fakültesi, Temel Tıp Bilimleri Bölümü, Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Ana Bilim Dalı
dc.description.abstractBackground/Objectives: Schizophrenia (SCH), bipolar disorder (BPD), and major depres sive disorder (MDD) are increasingly viewed as neuroimmune disorders shaped by viral exposure and inflammation. Disorder-specific immunovirological profiles, however, re main poorly defined. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we assessed Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) and Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) seropositivity and measured serum CRP, IL-6, and IL-1β in 708 participants: 110 with SCH, 121 with BPD, 135 with MDD, and 342 healthy controls (HC). Statistical analyses included Shapiro–Wilk tests for nor mality; Kruskal–Wallis with Bonferroni-adjusted Dunn post hoc comparisons; and logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, and marital status. Results: EBV seropositivity was higher in SCH (90.9%) than in HC (78.9%) (OR = 3.46, 95% CI: 1.68–7.12; p = 0.001) but not in BPD or MDD. HSV-1 seropositivity was elevated in BPD (83.5%) versus HC (67.0%) (OR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.34–3.92; p = 0.003), with no differences in SCH or MDD. Inflammatory biomarkers were significantly increased in SCH and MDD compared to HC (p < 0.001), while BPD showed no differences. Conclusions: The findings delineate distinct immunovi rological patterns across major psychiatric disorders. Schizophrenia was characterized by EBV seropositivity accompanied by systemic inflammatory activation, bipolar disorder by HSV-1 seropositivity in the absence of inflammatory changes, and major depressive disor der by inflammatory dysregulation independent of viral exposure. These disorder-specific profiles highlight heterogeneity in neuroimmune pathways and underscore the potential relevance of biomarker-based stratification for generating hypotheses regarding targeted antiviral or anti-inflammatory interventions in psychiatric populations.
dc.description.sponsorshipWe thank the Istanbul Aydin University Scientific Research Projects Unit for economical supports (#2024/09) of our study. Çalışmamıza sağladığı ekonomik desteklerden dolayı İstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimine (#2024/09) teşekkür ederiz.
dc.identifier.citationAkgül, Ö., Demirel, Ö. F., Tosun, İ., Kavla, Y., Kırkpınar, M. M., Sapmaz, B., Şenyiğit, G., Çalışkan, R., & Öner, Y. A. (2025). Unveiling the interplay of EBV, HSV-1, and ınflammatory biomarkers in psychiatric disorders. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 14(19), pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14196730
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/jcm14196730
dc.identifier.endpage11
dc.identifier.issn2077-0383
dc.identifier.issue19
dc.identifier.pmidPMID: 41095809
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.startpage1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14196730
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13055/1160
dc.identifier.volume14
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.indekslendigikaynak.otherSCI-E - Science Citation Index Expanded
dc.institutionauthorAkgül, Özer
dc.institutionauthorid0000-0002-3802-3270
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMDPI Publishing
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Clinical Medicine
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subjectPsychiatric Disorders
dc.subjectEpstein–Barr Virus (EBV)
dc.subjectHerpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1)
dc.subjectInflammatory Biomarkers
dc.subjectImmunopsychiatry
dc.titleUnveiling the interplay of EBV, HSV-1, and ınflammatory biomarkers in psychiatric disorders
dc.typeArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication

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